The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 42 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Understanding tailoring in communicating about health
Open accessAbstract
'Tailoring' refers to any of a number of methods for creating communications individualized for their receivers, with the expectation that this individualization will lead to larger intended effects of these communications. Results so far have been generally positive but not consistently so, and this paper seeks to explicate tailoring to help focus future research. Tailoring involves either or both of two classes of goals (enhancing cognitive preconditions for message processing and enhancing message impact through modifying behavioral determinants of goal outcomes) and employs strategies of personalization, feedback and content matching. These goals and strategies intersect in a 2 x 3 matrix in which some strategies and their component tactics match better to some goals than to others. The paper illustrates how this framework can be systematically applied in generating research questions and identifying appropriate study designs for tailoring research.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This conceptual paper argues that “tailoring” in health communication is not a unitary construct but involves two goal classes—enhancing message processing and modifying behavioral determinants—and three strategies: personalization, feedback, and content matching. It proposes a 2 × 3 goals-by-strategies matrix to guide more precise research on what aspects of tailoring work and how.
Key findings
- Tailoring is better understood as continuous degrees of audience segmentation and message customization rather than as discrete categories of mass, targeted, and tailored communication.
- The paper identifies two broad tailoring goals: enhancing cognitive preconditions for message processing/acceptance and enhancing message impact by modifying behavioral determinants of outcomes.
- It proposes three tailoring strategies—personalization, feedback, and content matching—with personalization tactics including identification, raising expectation, and contextualization; feedback types including descriptive, comparative, and evaluative; and content matching directed at key theoretical determinants.
- The paper notes that >100 tailoring studies have been published and that the National Cancer Institute alone invested ∼$130 million in tailored communication research for cancer prevention and control since 1999; it also cites a meta-analysis concluding tailored print interventions are more effective than non-tailored ones.
Methods
- Conceptual/theoretical paper, described as a “white paper” from an NCI Centers of Excellence in Cancer Communication Research working group; it is not a systematic review or primary empirical study.
- The authors synthesize existing tailoring research and theory, cite illustrative studies, and propose a framework linking tailoring goals, strategies, and tactics.
- They recommend future designs including presence-versus-absence/dismantling designs, parametric or “dosing” designs, constructive designs, and designs comparing degrees of segmentation and customization.
Limitations
- The authors state that a thorough review of tailoring research is not their purpose and that some parts of the framework have been taken for granted by researchers or represent suggestions and speculations by the authors.
- They state that no research has tested the proposed effects and mechanisms of tailored feedback, nor compared effects of different types or combinations of feedback in tailored health communication programs.
- They also state that research on dose as the number of tailored communications received has been limited and inconclusive; the text makes evident that the proposed 2 × 3 matrix is not empirically validated in this paper.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
32 Own interpretation · 27 Not checked yet · 8 No basis given · 1 Own result
In the paper
“The reference group used in comparative feedback can itself be tailored.”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [39] Kreuter MW, Steger-May K, Bobra S, et al. Sociocultural characteristics and responses to cancer education materials among African American women. Cancer Control. 2003;10(Suppl.):69–80. doi: 10.1177/107327480301005s10. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Most studies of tailored content matching (or of other methods of tailoring) compared the experimental group with a group that received a general audience or group-targeted communication.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because segmentation and customization rely on information about individuals and are arguably most effective when this information is detailed and relevant to targeted behaviors, individual-based assessments are often integral to tailored interventions.”
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“early studies showed that tailored messages were more likely than non-tailored messages to be read and remembered [14, 15].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [14] Skinner C, Strecher V, Hospers H. Physicians' recommendations for mammography: do tailored messages make a difference? Am J Public Health. 1994;84:43–9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.1.43. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [15] Campbell M, DeVellis B, Strecher VJ, et al. Improving dietary behavior: the effectiveness of tailored messages in primary care settings. Am J Public Health. 1994;84:783–7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.5.783. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Seen in this light, the three traditional types are not discrete categories, but overlapping segments of the continua.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: unclear — It is unclear whether it could be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Effortful processing is more likely to include counterarguing, evaluations of credibility, and other processes that may lessen message effects.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“In a study of weight loss materials, those receiving tailored messages generated significantly more ‘personal connections’ to the materials—defined as any thought or idea linking the weight loss information to the recipient's personal situation or experience—than did those receiving non-tailored materials [19].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [19] Kreuter MW, Bull F, Clark EM, et al. Understanding how people process health information: a comparison of tailored and untailored weight loss materials. Health Psychol. 1999;18:487–94. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.18.5.487. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Central processing typically also leads to deeper and more persistent persuasion than does peripheral processing [16, 17].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [16] Pettey R, Priester J, Brinol P. Mass media attitude change: implications of the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. In: Bryant J, Zillmann D, editors. Media effects. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2002. pp. 155–98. [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [17] Chaiken S, Trope Y. Dual-Process Theories in Social Psychology. New York: Guilford Press; 1999. [Google Scholar]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“a meta-analysis of tailoring studies makes it clear that employing theoretical constructs enhances effects [9].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [9] Noar SM, Benac CN, Harris MS. Does tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions. Psychol Bull. 2007;133:673–93. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.673. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“A related idea is that tailoring, perhaps again by enhancing perceived relevance and thus personal involvement [4], elicits what the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) refers to as ‘central route’ processing or elaboration [16, 17]: careful consideration of persuasive arguments and more systematic utilization of the receiver's own schemas and memories [18].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [4] Skinner CM, Campbell MK, Rimer BJ, et al. How effective is tailored print communication? Ann Behav Med. 1999;21:290–8. doi: 10.1007/BF02895960. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [16] Pettey R, Priester J, Brinol P. Mass media attitude change: implications of the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. In: Bryant J, Zillmann D, editors. Media effects. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2002. pp. 155–98. [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [17] Chaiken S, Trope Y. Dual-Process Theories in Social Psychology. New York: Guilford Press; 1999. [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [18] Kreuter MW, Holt C. How do people process health information? Applications in an age of individualized communication. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2001;10:206–9. [Google Scholar]
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 31
- It may state two separate claims as one. 23
In the paper
“Some tailoring studies have used such designs [19].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [19] Kreuter MW, Bull F, Clark EM, et al. Understanding how people process health information: a comparison of tailored and untailored weight loss materials. Health Psychol. 1999;18:487–94. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.18.5.487. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We know of no research testing these proposed effects and mechanisms of effect of tailored feedback, nor of research comparing effects of different types or combinations of feedback in tailored health communication programs.”
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As noted at the outset of this section, the three tailoring strategies are frequently used in combination with each other and can even occur within a single message.”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Some such research already exists, labeled as comparing undifferentiated versus ‘targeted’ or ‘targeted’ versus ‘tailored’ messages.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although differences between the three feedback tactics are subtle in practice, it seems possible that some might be more effective for certain individuals under certain circumstances.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Another comparative feedback tactic gathers data from the same individuals over time and messages report on progress over time (i.e. self-comparison) [40].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [40] Velicer W, Prochaska J, Fava JL, et al. Interactive versus noninteractive interventions and dose-response relationships for stage-matched smoking cessation programs in a managed care setting. Health Psychol. 1999;18:21–8. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.18.1.21. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Research on this dimension of dose has been limited and inconclusive [40].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [40] Velicer W, Prochaska J, Fava JL, et al. Interactive versus noninteractive interventions and dose-response relationships for stage-matched smoking cessation programs in a managed care setting. Health Psychol. 1999;18:21–8. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.18.1.21. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Tailored evaluative feedback varies in the depth of inference made.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Tailoring involves either or both of two classes of goals (enhancing cognitive preconditions for message processing and enhancing message impact through modifying behavioral determinants of goal outcomes) and employs strategies of personalization, feedback and content matching.”
- Also stated in: § Introduction · plain
“Claims about why and how tailoring enhances health communication fall into two distinct classes of mechanisms: (i) that tailoring enhances cognitive preconditions for message processing or acceptance and (ii) that it enhances message impact by selectively modifying initial behavioral determinants of desired outcomes.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Introduction · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These goals and strategies intersect in a 2 × 3 matrix in which some strategies and their component tactics match better to some goals than to others.”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Using information about particular individuals (tailoring in categorical terms) may customize to a yet more specific segment but is not a qualitatively different strategy.”
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“There is a growing consensus that these three constructs serve as the principal determinants of intention to perform a given behavior and that each is itself based on a set of underlying beliefs [9, 25, 26].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [9] Noar SM, Benac CN, Harris MS. Does tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions. Psychol Bull. 2007;133:673–93. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.673. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [25] Fishbein M, Triandis HC, Kanfer FH, et al. Factors influencing behavior and behavior change. In: Baum A, Revenson TR, Singer JE, editors. Handbook of Health Psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2001. pp. 3–17. [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [26] Speaking of Health: Assessing Health Communication Strategies for Diverse Populations. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2002. IOM Committee on Communication for Behavior Change in the 21st Century Improving the Health of Diverse Populations. [Google Scholar]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Results so far have been generally positive but not consistently so, and this paper seeks to explicate tailoring to help focus future research.”
- Also stated in: § Introduction · plain
“typically showing tailoring to be more effective than undifferentiated messages, though some studies have found no differences [4–8].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [4] Skinner CM, Campbell MK, Rimer BJ, et al. How effective is tailored print communication? Ann Behav Med. 1999;21:290–8. doi: 10.1007/BF02895960. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [5] Strecher V. Computer-tailored smoking cessation materials: a review and discussion. Patient Educ Couns. 1999;36:107–17. doi: 10.1016/s0738-3991(98)00128-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [6] Brug J. Dutch research into development and impact of computer-tailored nutrition education. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999;53:S78–82. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600808. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [7] Lancaster T, Stead L, Silagy C. Effectiveness of interventions to help people stop smoking: findings from the Cochrane Library. Br Med J. 2000;321:355–8. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7257.355. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [8] Ryan P, Lauver D. The efficacy of tailored interventions. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2002;34:331–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2002.00331.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Introduction · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and employs strategies of personalization, feedback and content matching.”
- Also stated in: § Introduction · plain
“We propose that ‘personalization’, ‘feedback’ and ‘content matching’ are three distinct strategies through which the above tailoring goals can be achieved.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Also stated in: § Introduction · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“But as one reads and thinks more about such tailoring, it becomes apparent that tailoring has encompassed a diverse set of both message construction methods and the psychological and social processes (generally assumed) by which enhanced communication effects are brought about.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Since positive emotions tend to reduce effortful processing and negative emotions enhance it, emotion arousal could elicit varying cognitive processing [22].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [22] Forgas JP. Affect in social judgments and decisions: a multiprocess model. Adv Exp Psychol. 1992;25:227–75. [Google Scholar]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“it obscures the more useful idea that individualizing health communication involves two linked processes, segmentation and customization, each of which varies continuously (Fig. 1).”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A recent meta-analysis of tailoring studies utilizing print messages also concluded that tailored interventions are more effective than non-tailored ones and further explored a useful range of moderators of these effects [9].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [9] Noar SM, Benac CN, Harris MS. Does tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions. Psychol Bull. 2007;133:673–93. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.673. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“(ii) the evaluation contains content information in that it gives a meaning to the factual psychological or behavioral state, thereby changing relevant beliefs,”
plaindirect- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Feedback and content matching strategies are intended primarily to stimulate particular intermediate impacts, but they may also affect processing.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The more one knows about what influences performance of a given behavior, the more likely one can design an intervention to change or reinforce that behavior.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and (iii) and the whole feedback text may increase the sense of ‘being acknowledged’.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“One reason may be that the receiver could perceive the tailoring agent to be highly insightful and skilled (i.e. credible) and perceives more presence [37] from the communication, just as deeper level reflections build rapport and encourage change in psychological counseling [41, 42].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [37] Lee KM. Presence, explicated. Commun Theory. 2004;14:27–50. [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [41] Carkhauff RR, Cannon J, Pierce R, et al. The Skills of Helping: An Introduction to Counseling Skills. Amherst, MA: Human Resource Development Press; 1979. [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [42] Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People for Change. 2nd. New York: Guilford Press; 2002. [Google Scholar]
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In effect, such designs test whether some example of segmentation/customization (tailoring) is more effective than little or no segmentation and customization.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Such inferences, if correct, can yield new insights into a person's behavioral or psychological states, and we hypothesize that messages based on these inferences may be especially potent in changing beliefs.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“It may also produce non-specific effects such as ‘feeling acknowledged’, ‘feeling understood’ or creating a sense of presence [37, 38], which could build rapport and favorably influence interpretation of the tailoring agent's motives or lower resistance to persuasion.”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [37] Lee KM. Presence, explicated. Commun Theory. 2004;14:27–50. [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [38] Walther JB, Pingree S, Hawkins RP, et al. Attributes of online interactive health information systems. J Med Internet Res. 2005;7:e33. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7.3.e33. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Comparative feedback may be especially effective among individuals for whom normative beliefs are important determinants of a given behavior.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Tailoring on contextual variables alone may not be sufficient to bring about changes in behavior but might enhance the effects of other tailoring strategies on impact variables.”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [36] Kreuter MW, Skinner C, Holt CL, et al. Cultural tailoring for mammography and fruit and vegetable intake among low-income African American women in urban public health centers. Prev Med. 2005;41:53–62. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.10.013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Identification has increased effects in some studies [29] but had no effects in others [33].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [29] Dijkstra A. Working mechanisms of computer-tailored health education: evidence from smoking cessation. Health Educ Res. 2005;20:527–39. doi: 10.1093/her/cyh014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Not checked yetcites [33] Bull F, Kreuter MW, Scharff DP, et al. Effects of tailored, personalized, and general materials on physical activity. Patient Educ Coun. 1999;36:181–92. doi: 10.1016/s0738-3991(98)00134-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, personalization might lead to more positive thoughts but only when arguments are strong.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Women who received magazines tailored on both constructs were most likely to report getting mammograms and to have increased fruit and vegetable consumption [36].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [36] Kreuter MW, Skinner C, Holt CL, et al. Cultural tailoring for mammography and fruit and vegetable intake among low-income African American women in urban public health centers. Prev Med. 2005;41:53–62. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.10.013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Such overreaching may then undermine tailoring not only by yielding less relevant messages based on erroneous conclusions about the individual but also by compromising the credibility of the tailoring program.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“‘Feedback with evaluation’ would seem to have at least three potential effects: (i) the factual feedback links the information to the individual, thereby increasing involvement;”
hedgeddirect- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“For example, personalization and feedback might be hypothesized to lead to greater personal relevance, attention to messages, and greater elaboration [44].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [44] Kreuter MW, Skinner C, Steger-May K, et al. Responses to behaviorally vs. culturally tailored cancer communication for African American women. Am J Health Behav. 2004;28:195–207. doi: 10.5993/ajhb.28.3.1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
hedgedconditional- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Descriptive feedback ranges from simply restating or acknowledging information (e.g. ‘You said you smoke a pack of cigarettes per day.’) to providing information based on more complex processing of their responses (e.g. ‘Based on your answers, we determined that you eat 24 grams of fat per day.’).”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although differences between the three feedback tactics are subtle in practice, it seems possible that some might be more effective for certain individuals under certain circumstances.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the case of weak arguments, personalization might lead to more counterargumentation and less desired effects.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Personalization strategies are generally used to enhance message processing, though there is some evidence that they may also affect behavior directly [29].”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [29] Dijkstra A. Working mechanisms of computer-tailored health education: evidence from smoking cessation. Health Educ Res. 2005;20:527–39. doi: 10.1093/her/cyh014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: A message not attended to can have little or no effect.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a final step in this explication, we suggested that strategies and goals are often linked, with personalization more often affecting processing goals and feedback and content matching more related to outcomes.”
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, claims and evidence of tailoring's effectiveness are based on a variety of goals, both to alter message processing and to directly impact useful intermediate outcomes.”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because segmentation and customization rely on information about individuals and are arguably most effective when this information is detailed and relevant to targeted behaviors, individual-based assessments are often integral to tailored interventions.”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Beyond this, we have argued that all tailoring employs one or more of three basic strategies, which subsume further distinctions of tactics.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The first argument that tailoring is not unitary results from the dual continua of audience segmentation and message customization: both are matters of degree, not categorical, and tailoring in practice thus varies continuously and relies on the linkage of the two.”
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because segmentation and customization rely on information about individuals and are arguably most effective when this information is detailed and relevant to targeted behaviors, individual-based assessments are often integral to tailored interventions.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper relies on this without support.
A message not attended to can have little or no effect.
“Obviously, a message not attended to can have little or no effect, so it should be no surprise that a common aim of tailoring is simply to increase attention (either the likelihood of processing the message at all or how far through the communication the receiver persists [13]), thus presumably increasing comprehension, itself necessary to effects.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Greater degrees of segmentation and customization increase cost and effort.
“Also, greater degrees of segmentation and customization increase cost and effort.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The more one knows about what influences performance of a given behavior, the more likely one can design an intervention to change or reinforce that behavior.
“Clearly, the more one knows about what influences performance of a given behavior, the more likely one can design an intervention to change or reinforce that behavior.”
The paper relies on this without support.
In practice, personalization, feedback and content matching are almost always combined.
“Although we describe the three strategies separately for conceptual clarity and those planning tailored communications should consider their separate advantages and disadvantages, in practice they are almost always combined.”
The paper relies on this without support.
We are currently quite far from the fully individualized tailoring ideal and approaching it will be difficult.
“We recognize that we are currently quite far from that ideal and also that approaching it will be difficult (note that Fig. 1 places tailoring as now practiced more or less at the center of both continua).”
The paper relies on this without support.
If someone has a strong intention to perform a given behavior and has the necessary skills and abilities, and if there are no environmental constraints to prevent behavioral performance, then the probability of the behavior is high.
“Ideally, if someone has a strong intention to perform a given behavior and has the necessary skills and abilities, and if there are no environmental constraints to prevent behavioral performance, then the probability of the behavior is high.”
The authors state this as an assumption.
Tailored feedback is generally assumed to provide social comparison information that may focus effortful processing on self-evaluation and normative comparison to stimulate changes in perceived norms, attitudes or beliefs.
“By comparing a person's attitudes, beliefs or behaviors to those of others, tailored feedback is generally assumed to provide social comparison information that may focus effortful processing on self-evaluation and normative comparison to stimulate changes in perceived norms, attitudes or beliefs.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Studies of personalization in health care and medicine have been increasing in number since the early 2000s [22], with growing evidence showing their effectiveness [23-26].”
From The Personalization of Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [24]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Experts in health behavior change have shown that conveying health information without considering individual differences may inhibit behavior change [20-26].”
From Tailored web-based interventions for pain: Systematic review and meta-analysis (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“which is thought to be the essence of tailored approaches [21]”
From Tailored web-based interventions for pain: Systematic review and meta-analysis (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
Citations
Cites
Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change.
Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2002) · Cited by 7,002
(1999) · Cited by 6,104
Nature and Operation of Attitudes
Ajzen, I. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.27 · Cited by 4,321
Does tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions
Noar, S. M., Benac, C. N., & Harris, M. S. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.673 · Cited by 2,136
The self-reference effect in memory: A meta-analysis
Symons, C. S., & Johnson, B. T. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.371 · Cited by 1,361 · cited 1×
“Such self-referential thinking may also increase the likelihood of central processing [23].”
Background(2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315167534 · Cited by 1,147
Handbook of health communication
Thompson, T. L. (2008) · Cited by 1,121
Tailored and Targeted Health Communication: Strategies for Enhancing Information Relevance
Kreuter, M. W., & Wray, R. J. (2003) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.27.1.s3.6 · Cited by 1,095
Self-citationBryant, J. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203873694 · Cited by 992
The Role of Theory in Uses and Gratifications Studies
Blumler, J. G. (1979) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365027900600102 · Cited by 904
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [30]Geller L. Customer retention begins with basics. Direct Mark. 1997;60:58–62. [Google Scholar]
- [37]Lee KM. Presence, explicated. Commun Theory. 2004;14:27–50. [Google Scholar]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A meta-analysis of web-delivered tailored health behavior change interventions
Lustria, M. L. A., Noar, S. M., Cortese, J., Van Stee, S. K., Glueckauf, R. L., & Lee, J. (2013) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2013.768727 · Cited by 689
Efficacy of text messaging-based interventions for health promotion: A meta-analysis
Head, K. J., Noar, S. M., Iannarino, N. T., & Harrington, N. G. (2013) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.08.003 · Cited by 647
Computer-tailored health interventions delivered over the web: Review and analysis of key components
Lustria, M. L. A., Cortese, J., Noar, S. M., & Glueckauf, R. L. (2009) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2008.08.023 · Cited by 566
“The final technique, adaptation or content matching, refers to creating content packages that are pertinent to an individual and selected based on known determinants of the targeted behavior [12,69].”
BackgroundPersonalization versus Customization: The Importance of Agency, Privacy, and Power Usage
Sundar, S. S., & Marathe, S. S. (2010) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2010.01377.x · Cited by 588
“For example, Ho (2006) found that although participants were interested in Internet personalization services, they were concerned about the amount of personal information that the Website would collect, the purpose for which the information will be used, the likelihood that their personal information may be circulated…”
Fox, J., & Bailenson, J. N. (2009) · Media Psychology · doi:10.1080/15213260802669474 · Cited by 493
“Several scholars working with health campaigns and entertainment-education have argued for the effectiveness of tailoring mass messages to create individual-specific treatments (Bock, Marcus, Pinto, & Forsyth, 2001; Hawkins, Kreuter, Resnicow, Fishbein, & Dijkstra, 2008; Singhal & Rogers, 2002).”
BackgroundThe Most Common Barriers to Glaucoma Medication Adherence
Newman-Casey, P. A., Robin, A. L., Blachley, T. S., Farris, K. B., Heisler, M., Resnicow, K., & Lee, P. P. (2015) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.03.026 · Cited by 451
“Tailoring refers to creating educational materials that differ for each individual patient based on their personal characteristics, needs, attitudes, and beliefs.(51,52) Tailored education has been shown to be more effective than standard health education across many diseases that require people to engage in consisten…”
Self-citationHorn, L. V., Carson, J. A. S., Appel, L. J., Burke, L. E., Economos, C. D., Karmally, W., Lancaster, K. J., Lichtenstein, A. H., Johnson, R. K., Thomas, R. J., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000462 · Cited by 442
Haque, M. D. R., & Rubya, S. (2023) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/44838 · Cited by 404
“Rather, systems that are adaptable and tailored to user needs can deliver more pertinent information, thus enhancing user engagement and clinical efficacy [75,76].”
The Personalization of Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review
Kocaballi, A. B., Berkovsky, S., Quiroz, J. C., Laranjo, L., Tong, H. L., Rezazadegan, D., Briatore, A., & Coiera, E. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/15360 · Cited by 332
“Studies of personalization in health care and medicine have been increasing in number since the early 2000s [22], with growing evidence showing their effectiveness [23-26].”
BackgroundA randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of knowledge translation and exchange strategies
Dobbins, M., Hanna, S., Ciliska, D. K., Manske, S., Cameron, R., Mercer, S. L., O’Mara, L., DeCorby, K., & Robeson, P. (2009) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-4-61 · Cited by 322
“, who found that TM employs strategies of personalization, feedback, and content matching, and that these factors work together to facilitate research use [104].”
Viewpoint: Regulating meat consumption to improve health, the environment and animal welfare
Bonnet, C., Bouamra‐Mechemache, Z., Réquillart, V., & Treich, N. (2020) · Food Policy · doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2020.101847 · Cited by 348
“14 One strategy consists of providing comparative feedback, such as “compared to other women from this health center, you eat fewer servings of fruits and vegetables per day” or evaluative feedback such as “your fruit and vegetable intake is well below the recommended level of 5–9 servings per day” (Hawkins et al., 20…”
The effectiveness of knowledge translation strategies used in public health: a systematic review
LaRocca, R. L., Yost, J., Dobbins, M., Ciliska, D. K., & Butt, M. L. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-751 · Cited by 299
“The ability of tailored messaging to facilitate research use is supported by existing literature [28] as study participants show increased motivation to process information actively when they perceive the information to be personally relevant [29].”
BackgroundDisclosure: Psychology Changes Everything
Loewenstein, G. F., Sunstein, C. R., & Golman, R. (2014) · Annual Review of Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041341 · Cited by 321
The rise (and fall?) of parental vaccine hesitancy
Gowda, C., & Dempsey, A. F. (2013) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.4161/hv.25085 · Cited by 252
A Review and Conceptual Framework for Understanding Personalized Matching Effects in Persuasion
Teeny, J. D., Siev, J. J., Briñol, P., & Petty, R. E. (2020) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcpy.1198 · Cited by 287
“Although there have been periodic calls for matching researchers to pay more attention to underlying processes (e.g., Hawkins et al., 2008), prior reviews have tended to focus primarily on matching effects and outcomes, as we did above.”
BackgroundHow feedback boosts motivation and play in a brain-training game
Burgers, C., Eden, A., van Engelenburg, M. D., & Buningh, S. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.01.038 · Cited by 245
“…psychology demonstrated that verbal feedback can be linguistically formulated in different ways, and that these differential formulations can be important determinants of feedback performance in health interventions (e.g., Hawkins et al., 2008; Kluger & DeNisi, 1996; Van-Dijk & Kluger, 2004).”
BackgroundPersonalization in Email Marketing: The Role of Noninformative Advertising Content
Sahni, N. S., Wheeler, S. C., & Chintagunta, P. (2018) · Marketing Science · doi:10.1287/mksc.2017.1066 · Cited by 244
“As Hawkins et al. [2008] wrote in a review of tailored communications, “by saying or implying that the communication is ‘for you’, personalization strategies call attention to behavioral information or make it seem more relevant and meaningful to the recipient” (p.”
BackgroundTargeted Marketing and Public Health
Grier, S. A., & Kumanyika, S. (2010) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103607 · Cited by 230
“Targeted marketing differs from public health tailoring, which involves personalization strategies designed to reach one specific person on the basis of an individual assessment (57, 75).”
BackgroundIntergroup relations and health disparities: A social psychological perspective.
Major, B., Mendes, W. B., & Dovidio, J. F. (2013) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0030358 · Cited by 226
“This research suggests that cultural tailoring of health promotion programs must be undertaken with care when unhealthy behaviors are identified with a cultural ingroup (e.g., Hawkins, Kreuter, Resnicow, Fishbein & Dijkstra, 2008).”
BackgroundThe Role of Message Tailoring in the Development of Persuasive Health Communication Messages
Noar, S. M., Harrington, N. G., & Aldrich, R. S. (2009) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.2009.11679085 · Cited by 224
“Such studies would encompass randomized trials that tease out various components of tailoring by comparing a variety of intervention conditions that incrementally add various tailoring components and examine their infl uence on outcomes (e.g., behavior change; Abrams et al., 1999; Hawkins et al., 2008; Kreuter et al.,…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialKwan, B. M., Dimidjian, S., & Rizvi, S. L. (2010) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.04.003 · Cited by 213
Bidargaddi, N., Almirall, D., Murphy, S., Nahum-Shani, I., Kovalcik, M., Pituch, T., Maaieh, H., & Strecher, V. (2018) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/10123 · Cited by 189
“The messages were created via tailoring strategies, are personalized, and the content was organized by types to both enhance message processing and interaction with the app [38] (see Figure 1).”
BackgroundIs this for me? How Consumers Respond to Personalized Advertising on Social Network Sites
Keyzer, F. D., Dens, N., & Pelsmacker, P. D. (2015) · Journal of Interactive Advertising · doi:10.1080/15252019.2015.1082450 · Cited by 241
“Researchers have proposed and tested several mediators for favorable personalization effects, such as self-referent thinking (Hawkins et al. 2008; Tam and Ho 2006), perceived uniqueness (Franke and Schreier 2008), and feelings of accomplishment (Franke, Schreier, and Kaiser 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialStormacq, C., Wosinski, J., Boillat, E., & den Broucke, S. V. (2020) · JBI Evidence Synthesis · doi:10.11124/jbisrir-d-18-00023 · Cited by 239
“Tailoring health information provides individuals with more meaningful messages that are more likely to be read and thus increase the recall of health information and relevance of an intervention.(149) Various systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown that tailored interventions are more effective than generic i…”
BackgroundLi, C. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.049 · Cited by 189
Debunking the myth of the hard-to-reach farmer: Effective communication on udder health
Jansen, J., Steuten, C. D. M., Renes, R. J., Aarts, N., & Lam, T. J. G. M. (2010) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2009-2794 · Cited by 189
“It is advisable to aim directly at different types of farmers by segmentation and customization of the type and content of the message to the various farmers’ perceptions, such as their goals, attitudes, and motivations (Bergevoet et al., 2004; Chase et al., 2006; Hawkins et al., 2008).”
BackgroundThe effects of trait-based personalization in social media advertising
Winter, S., Masłowska, E., & Vos, A. L. (2020) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2020.106525 · Cited by 201
The Psychology of Tailoring‐Ingredients in Computer‐Tailored Persuasion
Dijkstra, A. (2008) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00081.x · Cited by 164
Self-citationHow and When Personalized Advertising Leads to Brand Attitude, Click, and WOM Intention
Keyzer, F. D., Dens, N., & Pelsmacker, P. D. (2021) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.2021.1888339 · Cited by 163
“After all, when being confronted with personalized advertising, a consumer will try to relate the information in the advertisement to himself (Hawkins et al. 2008).”
BackgroundBukman, A. J., Teuscher, D., Feskens, E. J. M., van Baak, M. A., Meershoek, A., & Renes, R. J. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1036 · Cited by 160
“Tailoring can be effected in various ways, such as by mentioning the name of the targeted individual in a message or by including personal feedback on an individual’s behaviour [17].”
BackgroundCrutzen, R., de Nooijer, J., Brouwer, W., Oenema, A., Brug, J., & de Vries, N. K. (2011) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198110372878 · Cited by 158
A reusable framework for health counseling dialogue systems based on a behavioral medicine ontology
Bickmore, T. W., Schulman, D., & Sidner, C. L. (2011) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2010.12.006 · Cited by 147
“…about a particular patient, including fixed “tailoring” parameters that affect the intervention and messages (e.g., gender, age, ethnicity) [36], information about the patient’s medical condition (e.g., from an EHR or PHR), construct measures (e.g., self-efficacy, stage of change), and…”
BackgroundJensen, J. D., King, A. J., Carcioppolo, N., & Davis, L. A. (2012) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01668.x · Cited by 154
How Smart are Smartphone Apps for Smoking Cessation? A Content Analysis
Hoeppner, B. B., Hoeppner, S. S., Seaboyer, L. M., Schick, M. R., Wu, G. W. Y., Bergman, B. G., & Kelly, J. F. (2015) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntv117 · Cited by 148
Tailored Health Communication to Change Lifestyle Behaviors
Noar, S. M., Grant Harrington, N., Van Stee, S. K., & Shemanski Aldrich, R. (2011) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827610387255 · Cited by 183
“For instance, studies can test the proposition that personalization plays a greater role in attention to the message, whereas feedback plays a greater role in message processing and attitude change.(120) Tailoring researchers are also recognizing the potential of tailoring on variables beyond message content.”
BackgroundA systematic review of tailored eHealth interventions for weight loss
Ryan, K., Dockray, S., & Linehan, C. (2019) · DIGITAL HEALTH · doi:10.1177/2055207619826685 · Cited by 183
“Work has also been undertaken to draw together concrete definitions of tailoring strategies.(13,15,16) Krebs et al.”
BackgroundKerr, D. A., Harray, A. J., Pollard, C. M., Dhaliwal, S. S., Delp, E. J., Howat, P. A., Pickering, M. R., Ahmad, Z., Meng, X., Pratt, I., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-016-0376-8 · Cited by 147
“The message was personalised with the individual’s name and the feedback strategy was descriptive and evaluative [24].”
BackgroundInfluentialInvestigating the feasibility of idiographic network models.
Mansueto, A. C., Wiers, R. W., van Weert, J. C. M., Schouten, B. C., & Epskamp, S. (2023) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/met0000466 · Cited by 147
A Tailored Web-Based Psycho-Educational Intervention for Cancer Patients and Their Family Caregivers
Northouse, L., Schafenacker, A. M., Barr, K. L. C., Katapodi, M., Yoon, H., Brittain, K., Song, L.-X., Ronis, D., & An, L. C. (2014) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000000159 · Cited by 140
It Is All in the Name: A Study of Consumers' Responses to Personalized Communication
Masłowska, E., Smit, E. G., & van den Putte, B. (2016) · Journal of Interactive Advertising · doi:10.1080/15252019.2016.1161568 · Cited by 151
“Nevertheless, the expectation may have an effect on recipients’ responses independent of message content (Hawkins et al. 2008).”
BackgroundInfluentialStahl, J. ‐., Cohen, R., Denis, F., Gaudelus, J., Martinot, A., Lery, T., & Lepetit, H. (2016) · Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses · doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2016.02.002 · Cited by 144
Enwald, H., & Huotari, M.-L. (2010) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1409 · Cited by 140
“These tailoring mechanisms tend to be used in combination (see, for example, [8-11]).”
BackgroundTailoring real-time physical activity coaching systems: a literature survey and model
den Akker, H. O., Jones, V. M., & Hermens, H. J. (2014) · User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction · doi:10.1007/s11257-014-9146-y · Cited by 153
Rogers, R. P. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.048 · Cited by 141
Muench, F. J., & Baumel, A. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7463 · Cited by 148
“As mechanisms studies have revealed, tailoring can improve engagement by increasing self-referential and heuristic processing [23,24] and attention to a desired stimulus, and reducing effortful processing.”
Alexander, G. L., McClure, J. B., Calvi, J. H., Divine, G. W., Stopponi, M. A., Rolnick, S. J., Heimendinger, J., Tolsma, D. D., Resnicow, K., Campbell, M. K., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2008.154468 · Cited by 131
“Maintenance 430 (17) 143 (17) 138 (16) 149 (18)”
Self-citationJoseph, R. P., Keller, C. S., Adams, M. A., & Ainsworth, B. E. (2015) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-015-0186-1 · Cited by 139
“developed specifically for the current study and were informed by the first author’s previous research with African American women [8,9,27], prominent determinants of physical activity among African American women [24,28], and published literature focused on culturallytailoring lifestyle interventions to minority popu…”
MethodSahin, C., Courtney, K. L., Naylor, P., & E Rhodes, R. (2019) · DIGITAL HEALTH · doi:10.1177/2055207619845279 · Cited by 133
“Tailoring strategies were identified using the guideline developed based on Noar and Harrington (2016),26 Dijkstra (2016)27 and Hawkins et al. (2008).28 The guideline (Appendix IV) includes detailed descriptions and examples of each tai- loring strategy.”
BackgroundMethodBauermeister, J. A., Pingel, E. S., Jadwin-Cakmak, L. A., Harper, G. W., Horvath, K. J., Weiss, G., & Dittus, P. (2015) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-015-1009-y · Cited by 137
“message to a previously identified group of individuals [14, 15].”
BackgroundDuan, Y. P., Wienert, J., Hu, C., Si, G. Y., & Lippke, S. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.7152 · Cited by 130
“…that try to address specific characteristics of participants by providing information and feedback based on previously provided information (eg, assessed via questionnaire) harness the potential to provide a more user-specific experience with higher relevance for each participant [11,12].”
Lutkenhaus, R., Jansz, J., & Bouman, M. P. A. (2019) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/2055207618821521 · Cited by 137
“22 In addition to tailoring a message’s contents, it is also important to ensure that it reaches its prospective audience.”
BackgroundKing, A. C., Bickmore, T. W., Campero, M. I., Pruitt, L. A., & Yin, J. L. (2013) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2013.798374 · Cited by 114
Ezendam, N. P. M. (2011) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.204 · Cited by 123
Environmental data visualisation for non-scientific contexts: Literature review and design framework
Grainger, S., Mao, F., & Buytaert, W. (2016) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.09.004 · Cited by 134
“Interactive elements and tools such as select, zoom, sort and fi lters in the interactive visualisation system make it easier to view and manipulate very large environmental databases (Heer et al., 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialInternet health information seeking is a team sport: Analysis of the Pew Internet Survey
Sadasivam, R. S., Kinney, R. L., Lemon, S. C., Shimada, S. L., Allison, J. J., & Houston, T. K. (2012) · International Journal of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2012.09.008 · Cited by 119
User Models for Personalized Physical Activity Interventions: Scoping Review
Ghanvatkar, S., Kankanhalli, A., & Rajan, V. (2018) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/11098 · Cited by 134
“An earlier study by Hawkins et al [19], defines “tailoring” as a generic term for providing feedback, personalization, and content matching.”
Crijns, H., Cauberghe, V., Hudders, L., & Claeys, A. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.046 · Cited by 110
Personalized advertisements with integration of names and photographs: An eye-tracking experiment
Pfiffelmann, J., Dens, N., & Soulez, S. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.08.017 · Cited by 130
Active Assistance Technology for Health-Related Behavior Change: An Interdisciplinary Review
Kennedy, C. M., powell, J. A., Payne, T. H., Ainsworth, J. D., Boyd, A., & Buchan, I. E. (2012) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1893 · Cited by 111
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Awareness of Genetic Testing for Cancer Risk
Pagán, J. A., Su, D., Li, L., Armstrong, K., & Asch, D. A. (2009) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.07.021 · Cited by 109
Tailored information about cancer risk and screening: A systematic review
Albada, A., Ausems, M. G. E. M., Bensing, J. M., & van Dulmen, S. (2009) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2009.03.005 · Cited by 127
Older Cancer Patients’ User Experiences With Web-Based Health Information Tools: A Think-Aloud Study
Bolle, S., Romijn, G., Smets, E. M. A., Loos, E. F., Kunneman, M., & van Weert, J. C. M. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.5618 · Cited by 107
“Tailoring information according to patients’ preferences would therefore make information more personally relevant, allow deeper information processing [47], and would contain less redundant information, which could be particularly beneficial to older patients considering age-related cognitive limitations [48].”
Heisler, M., Choi, H., Palmisano, G., Mase, R., Richardson, C. R., Fagerlin, A., Montori, V. M., Spencer, M. S., & An, L. C. (2014) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m13-3012 · Cited by 106
“Tailoring individualizes “information and behavior change strategies to reach each person based on characteristics unique to that person derived from an individual assessment and related to the outcome of interest” (24).”
BackgroundThe value of theory for enhancing and understanding e-health interventions
Pingree, S., Hawkins, R., Baker, T., DuBenske, L., Roberts, L. J., & Gustafson, D. H. (2010) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.035 · Cited by 103
Self-citationManaging Customer Reviews for Value Co-creation: An Empowerment Theory Perspective
Shin, H., Perdue, R. R., & Pandelaere, M. (2019) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/0047287519867138 · Cited by 106
“As with study 1, the three strategies of personalization by Hawkins et al. (2008) were used again to manipulate hotel response personalization.”
MethodEffects of Cultural Tailoring on Persuasion in Cancer Communication: A Meta-Analysis
Huang, Y., & Shen, F. (2016) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/jcom.12243 · Cited by 102
The Impact of Vivid Messages on Reducing Energy Consumption Related to Hot Water Use
Bailey, J. O., Bailenson, J. N., Flora, J. A., Armel, K. C., Voelker, D. H., & Reeves, B. B. (2014) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916514551604 · Cited by 105
Ames, H. M., Glenton, C., Lewin, S. A., Tamrat, T., Akama, E., & Leon, N. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013447 · Cited by 103
“It can include the transmission of individualised notifications according to a specific individual’s clinical care plan as well as the transmission of predetermined content developed for the identified population group (Hawkins 2008).”
BackgroundInfluentialJensen, M. T., Treskes, R. W., Caiani, E. G., Casado-Arroyo, R., Cowie, M. R., Dilaveris, P., Duncker, D., Di Rienzo, M., Frederix, I., De Groot, N., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal - Digital Health · doi:10.1093/ehjdh/ztab011 · Cited by 93
Hernandez, M. Y., & Organista, K. C. (2013) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-013-9587-1 · Cited by 84
“Therefore, the questions of how and why tailored interventions work effectively with specific populations continue to be understudied (Hawkins et al. 2008).”
Griffith, D. M., Efird, C. R., Baskin, M. L., Hooper, M. W., Davis, R. E., & Resnicow, K. (2023) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-060722-031158 · Cited by 107
Self-citationTaking mHealth Forward: Examining the Core Characteristics
Davis, T. L., DiClemente, R. J., & Prietula, M. J. (2016) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.5659 · Cited by 88
“Although the particular definition of “tailoring” in public health and health care has varied widely [149,150], our interpretation simply addresses the fundamental characteristic of what the technology can deliver—connectivity tethered to an individual.”
Tailored web-based interventions for pain: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Martorella, G., Boitor, M., Berube, M., Fredericks, S., Le May, S., & Gélinas, C. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.8826 · Cited by 88
“Experts in health behavior change have shown that conveying health information without considering individual differences may inhibit behavior change [20-26].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialA Cultural Models Approach to Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment
Otmar, R., Reventlow, S. D., Morrow, M., Nicholson, G. C., Kotowicz, M. A., & Pasco, J. A. (2012) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244012464976 · Cited by 89
“Given evidence that tailored health messages are better read and recalled than nontailored messages (Kreuter, Oswald, Bull, & Clark, 2000), it would appear to be an ideal technique for communicating with people who need to be provided with relevant information about osteoporosis, but is understandably expensive in ter…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf‐management challenges and support needs among kidney transplant recipients: A qualitative study
Been-Dahmen, J., Grijpma, J. W., Ista, E., Dwarswaard, J., Maasdam, L., Weimar, W. W., van Staa, A., & Massey, E. K. (2018) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.13730 · Cited by 98
The Role of Communication in Improving Udder Health
Jansen, J., & Lam, T. J. G. M. (2012) · Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2012.03.003 · Cited by 89
Garnweidner-Holme, L. M., Borgen, I., Garitano, I., Noll, J., & Lukasse, M. (2015) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare3020310 · Cited by 96
“Efforts in health communication vary in the degree to which they address individual characteristics [43].”
BackgroundHan, J. Y., Wise, M. E., Kim, E., Pingree, R. J., Hawkins, R. P., Pingree, S., Mctavish, F. M., & Gustafson, D. H. (2010) · Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2010.01508.x · Cited by 87
“Further, because Interactive services also provide tailored feedback based on the user’s response/characteristics, the ongoing use of these services may provide patients with a sense of being cared for (Hawkins et al., 2008; Lee, 2004; Walther, Pingree, Hawkins, & Buller, 2005).”
BackgroundSelf-citationBannink, R., Broeren, S., Zwanenburg, E. J.-V., van As, E., van de Looij-Jansen, P., & Raat, H. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3163 · Cited by 92
“Moreover, knowledge on how adolescents process and respond to personalized feedback is currently scarce [38].”
Personalization in Real-Time Physical Activity Coaching Using Mobile Applications: A Scoping Review
Monteiro-Guerra, F., Rivera-Romero, O., Fernández-Luque, L., & Caulfield, B. (2019) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2019.2947243 · Cited by 106
“Therefore personalization, or tailoring, helps in increasing the intended effects of communication, which can contribute to overcome the lack of adherence and effectiveness of these systems [30].”
BackgroundWilliam, M., Kuffour, G., Ekuadzi, E., Yeboah, M. A., El-Duah, M., & Tuffour, P. (2014) · African Health Sciences · doi:10.4314/ahs.v13i4.28 · Cited by 83
Enhancing Intrinsic Motivation in Health Promotion and Wellness
Seifert, C. M., Chapman, L. S., Hart, J. K., & Perez, P. (2011) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/ajhp.26.3.tahp · Cited by 82
“ences appears to benefit the learner on a variety of motivational measures.(48) For example, watching videos of others taking the time to”
BackgroundD’Antoni, D., Smith, L., Auyeung, V., & Weinman, J. A. (2017) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0307-4 · Cited by 83
“In general, these results are consistent with previous studies recognising wearable devices as possible facilitators, and not necessarily drivers, of health behaviours [80], where engagement strategies [17] and message tailoring [78, 79] may be the key to successful health messages, particularly when these messages ad…”
ResultMorton, L., de Bruin, M., Krajewska, M., Whibley, D., & Macfarlane, G. J. (2018) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1285 · Cited by 85
“The creators of the QUIPS tool advise against using a summative quality assessment score (Hayden et al., 2013); quality was therefore assessed and considered within each domain.”
MethodLee, Y., Malcein, L. A., & Kim, S. C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18073571 · Cited by 90
“is important for authorities, clinicians, researchers, policy makers, and employers to align their messaging and outreach activities with people’s psychosocial, personality, and health considerations through ICT channels while empowering ICT users to be responsible for their interactions with the technology [70].”
BackgroundJoyal‐Desmarais, K., Scharmer, A., Madzelan, M. K., See, J. V., Rothman, A. J., & Snyder, M. (2022) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000377 · Cited by 99
den Akker, H. O., Cabrita, M., den Akker, R. O., Jones, V. M., & Hermens, H. J. (2015) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2015.03.005 · Cited by 89
“On the one hand, the ‘identification’ tactic [9] of addressing the recipient by name, is a typical example of tailoring message representation.”
BackgroundRadhakrishnan, K. (2012) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05860.x · Cited by 80
Teasdale, N., Elhussein, A., Butcher, F. C., Piernas, C., Cowburn, G., Hartmann‐Boyce, J., Saksena, R., & Scarborough, P. (2018) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqx048 · Cited by 82
“Compared to generic information, TF has the potential to provide more individualized information that is perceived as more salient by the user, increasing the likelihood of adhering to such advice (15, 16).”
BackgroundRanney, M. L., Choo, E. K., Cunningham, R. M., Spirito, A., Thorsen, M. M., Mello, M. J., & Morrow, K. M. (2014) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.12.017 · Cited by 77
“Future work is needed to determine whether those with higher baseline risk are adherent to intense interventions andwhether these types of interventions are efficacious [35,36].”
Science Communication in the Age of Misinformation
Goldstein, C. M., Murray, E. J., Beard, J., Schnoes, A. M., & Wang, M. L. (2020) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaaa088 · Cited by 79
“Targeted or tailored messages have been shown to greatly improve information retention and impact behavior change [18].”
BackgroundZhang, R., Ringland, K. E., Paan, M., Mohr, D. C., & Reddy, M. C. (2021) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3411764.3445771 · Cited by 81
“Rather, systems that are adaptable and tailored to users’ needs can deliver more pertinent information, thus enhancing user engagement and clinical efcacy [37, 54].”
Backgroundvan der Aalst, C. M., de Koning, H. J., van den Bergh, K. A. M., Willemsen, M. C., & van Klaveren, R. J. (2011) · Lung Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2011.10.006 · Cited by 75
Gowda, C., Schaffer, S. E., Kopec, K., Markel, A., & Dempsey, A. F. (2013) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.4161/hv.22821 · Cited by 73
Reporting standards for studies of tailored interventions
Harrington, N. G., & Noar, S. M. (2011) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyr108 · Cited by 73
“[2] (p.”
Joseph, R. P., Keller, C. S., Affuso, O., & Ainsworth, B. E. (2016) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-016-0240-1 · Cited by 83
“Development of our framework was predicated on our PA intervention research among AAwomen [13–20], seminal literature focused on the topics of cultural adaptation and health promotion programs [12, 21, 22], sociological and theoretical perspectives on the role of women in AA culture (i.”
Using personas to tailor educational messages to the preferences of coronary heart disease patients
Vosbergen, S., Mulder-Wiggers, J. M. R., Lacroix, J. P. W., Kemps, H., Kraaijenhagen, R. A., Jaspers, M., & Peek, N. B. (2014) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2014.09.004 · Cited by 72
Kerr, D. A., Pollard, C. M., Howat, P. A., Delp, E. J., Pickering, M. R., Kerr, K. R., Dhaliwal, S. S., Pratt, I., Wright, J., & Boushey, C. J. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-477 · Cited by 69
“Dietary assessment tools can be used to provide personalised descriptive feedback which can stimulate self-reflection on their eating behaviours [19].”
BackgroundAlpay, L., Verhoef, J., Xie, B., Te’eni, D., & Zwetsloot-Schonk, J. H. M. (2009) · Biomedical Informatics Insights · doi:10.4137/bii.s2223 · Cited by 69
“51”
BackgroundInfluentialPartridge, S. R., Allman-Farinelli, M. A., McGeechan, K., Balestracci, K., Wong, A. T. Y., Hebden, L., Harris, M., Bauman, A. E., & Phongsavan, P. (2016) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-016-0329-2 · Cited by 69
“Assuring that there is maximum participant engagement and satisfaction with program components can also enhance program retention [22].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Hawkins, R. P., Kreuter, M., Resnicow, K., Fishbein, M., & Dijkstra, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Saint Louis University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Hawkins, R. P.
- Venue
- Health Education Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-06-01
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 454-466
- ISSN
- 0268-1153 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-3648
- PMC
- PMC3171505
- OpenAlex
- W2162486273
- Semantic Scholar
- 2726edb4ea8a922748ad9c8aeb548785670e22fe
- Cited by
- 934
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 55 · 2015: 77 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 667.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Health Education Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA114539)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media Influence and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Keywords
- tailoring, health communication, personalized communication, personalization, feedback, content matching, behavioral factors
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Cognition, Communication, Goals, Health Education, Health Services Research, Humans, Patient Education as Topic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-09, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-09 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
