Suppression of autophagy in skeletal muscle uncovers the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and their potential role in muscle damage in Pompe disease.
Open accessAbstract
The role of autophagy, a catabolic lysosome-dependent pathway, has recently been recognized in a variety of disorders, including Pompe disease, the genetic deficiency of the glycogen-degrading lysosomal enzyme acid-alpha glucosidase. Accumulation of lysosomal glycogen, presumably transported from the cytoplasm by the autophagic pathway, occurs in multiple tissues, but pathology is most severe in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle pathology also involves massive autophagic buildup in the core of myofibers. To determine if glycogen reaches the lysosome via autophagy and to ascertain whether autophagic buildup in Pompe disease is a consequence of induction of autophagy and/or reduced turnover due to defective fusion with lysosomes, we generated muscle-specific autophagy-deficient Pompe mice. We have demonstrated that autophagy is not required for glycogen transport to lysosomes in skeletal muscle. We have also found that Pompe disease involves induction of autophagy but manifests as a functional deficiency of autophagy because of impaired autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion. As a result, autophagic substrates, including potentially toxic aggregate-prone ubiquitinated proteins, accumulate in Pompe myofibers and may cause profound muscle damage.
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Impaired autophagy induces skeletal myofiber degeneration and muscle weakness.
“Impaired autophagy is known to induce skeletal myofiber degeneration and muscle weakness (Masiero et al., 2009; Raben et al., 2008).”
From Proteasome dysfunction induces muscle growth defects and protein aggregation (2014) · cites this paper as Raben et al., 2008
In the Results section on suppression of autophagy, autophagy-deficient Pompe mice had greater myofiber atrophy and performed worse on a wire-hang test than Pompe mice without autophagy suppression. But autophagy-deficient healthy mice showed fast-fiber atrophy without reduced wire-hang performance. The claim omits this disease-context qualification and overgeneralizes the muscle-weakness finding. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredImpairment of autophagy by muscle-specific ablation of ATG5 and ATG7 induces accumulation of abnormal mitochondria, induction of oxidative stress, apoptosis, muscle atrophy, weakness, and several features of myopathy.
“Likewise, impairment of autophagy by muscle-specific ablation of ATG5 and ATG7 induces accumulation of abnormal mitochondria, induction of oxidative stress, apoptosis, muscle atrophy, weakness, several features of myopathy [230, 231].”
From The connection between the dynamic remodeling of the mitochondrial network and the regulation of muscle mass (2021) · cites this paper as [230]
Conditional Atg5 deletion in mouse skeletal muscle leads to accumulation of ubiquitin-positive inclusions and ultrastructural disorganization.
“Analogously, conditional Atg5 deletion in mouse skeletal muscle leads to accumulation of ubiquitin-positive inclusions and ultrastructural disorganization [478].”
From Autophagy and ALS: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications (2022) · cites this paper as [478]
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- Authors
- Raben, N., Hill, V., Shea, L., Takikita, S., Baum, R., Mizushima, N., Ralston, E., & Plotz, P.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Raben, N.
- Venue
- Human Molecular Genetics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-09-04
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 3897-3908
- ISSN
- 0964-6906 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2083
- PMC
- PMC2638578
- OpenAlex
- W2136000647
- Cited by
- 352
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 12.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Molecular Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- York University
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
- Keywords
- Pompe disease, autophagy, skeletal muscle, acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency, lysosomal glycogen accumulation, ubiquitinated proteins, protein aggregation, muscle damage
- MeSH terms
- alpha-Glucosidases, Animals, Autophagy, Female, Glycogen Storage Disease Type II, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Muscular Diseases, Proteins, Mice, Knockout, Muscle, Skeletal, Mice, Ubiquitination
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