Cited by 192Muscle Physiology and DisordersAutophagy in Disease and TherapyMuscle metabolism and nutrition

Chronic resistance training activates autophagy and reduces apoptosis of muscle cells by modulating IGF-1 and its receptors, Akt/mTOR and Akt/FOXO3a signaling in aged rats

Luo, Li, Lu, A-Ming, Wang, Yan, Hong, An, Chen, Yulan, Hu, Juan, Li, Xiaoning, Qin, Zheng-Hong·2013·Experimental Gerontology

Abstract

Resistance exercise training (RET) remains the most effective treatment for the loss of muscle mass and strength in elderly people. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Recent evidence suggests that autophagic signaling is altered in aged skeletal muscles. This study aimed to investigate if RET affects IGF-1 and its receptors, the Akt/mTOR, and Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathways and regulates autophagy and apoptosis in the gastrocnemius muscles of 18-20 month old rats. The results showed that 9 weeks of RET prevented the loss of muscle mass and improved muscle strength, accompanied by reduced LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, reduced p62 protein levels, and increased levels of autophagy regulatory proteins, including Beclin 1, Atg5/12, Atg7, and the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin L. RET also reduced cytochrome c level in the cytosol but increased its level in mitochondrial fraction, and inhibited cleaved caspase 3 production and apoptosis. Furthermore, RET upregulated the expression of IGF-1 and its receptors but downregulated the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR. In addition, RET upregulated the expression of total AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK, and FOXO3a. Taken together, these results suggest that the benefits of RET are associated with increased autophagy activity and reduced apoptosis of muscle cells by modulating IGF-1 and its receptors, the Akt/mTOR and Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathways in aged skeletal muscles.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.009

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  • Resistance exercise enhances autophagy and reduces apoptosis in skeletal muscle of older rats by modulating IGF-1 and its receptors, and downregulating Akt/mTOR and Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathways.

    “Resistance exercise (ladder-climbing training, 3 days/week for 9 weeks) has been shown to enhance autophagy and reduce apoptosis in the skeletal muscle of older rats by modulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its receptors, as well as the downregulation of Akt/mTOR and Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathways [41].”

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Authors
Luo, L., Lu, A.-M., Wang, Y., Hong, A., Chen, Y., Hu, J., Li, X., & Qin, Z.-H.
Affiliations
  • Soochow University (CN)
  • Suzhou Vocational Health College (CN)
Corresponding author
Qin, Zheng-Hong
Venue
Experimental Gerontology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-04
Volume
48
Issue
4
Pages
427-436
ISSN
0531-5565 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1985127050
Cited by
192
References
69
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 5
FWCI
7.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Experimental Gerontology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • Government of Jiangsu Province
  • Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Keywords
resistance training, autophagy, apoptosis, skeletal muscle aging, insulin-like growth factor I, IGF-1 receptor, Akt/mTOR signaling, AMPK, gastrocnemius, sarcopenia, muscle mass and strength, LC3, p62, Beclin-1, cathepsin L, cytochrome c, caspase-3, aged rats
MeSH terms
Forkhead Box Protein O3, Aging, Animals, Autophagy, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Signal Transduction, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Apoptosis, Receptor, IGF Type 1, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Models, Animal, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Rats, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Resistance Training, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

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