Reproductive history and mortality from cardiovascular disease among women textile workers in Shanghai, China
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the possible effects of reproductive factors on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks in Asian women. METHODS: A cohort of 267,400 female textile workers in Shanghai, China, was administered a questionnaire at enrolment (1989-91) and followed for mortality through 2000. Relative risks (hazard ratios) for ischaemic heart disease (IHD), ischaemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke were calculated using Cox proportional hazards modelling, adjusting for relevant co-variates. RESULTS: Risks were not consistently associated with age at menopause, parity, stillbirths, miscarriages or duration of lactation. An increasing trend in IHD mortality risk, but not stroke, was observed with decreasing age at menarche. There was no evidence of increased CVD mortality risk by oral or injectable contraceptive use or induced abortions. As expected, greater mortality rates from CVD and increased CVD risks were also observed with smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Use of steroid contraceptives, induced abortions and reduced parity from China's one-child-per-family policy has not had an adverse effect on risk of CVD mortality in this cohort.
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In a cohort of Chinese women, mortality from ischaemic heart disease is lower in women who ever breastfed than in those who never breastfed.
“In a cohort of Chinese women,94 mortality from ischaemic heart disease but not stroke was lower in women who ever breastfed than in those who never breastfed.”
From Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review (2020) · cites this paper as [94]
In a cohort of Chinese women, ever breastfeeding is not associated with mortality from stroke.
“In a cohort of Chinese women,94 mortality from ischaemic heart disease but not stroke was lower in women who ever breastfed than in those who never breastfed.”
From Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review (2020) · cites this paper as [94]
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- Authors
- Gallagher, L. G., Davis, L. B., Ray, R. M., Psaty, B. M., Gao, D. L., Checkoway, H., & Thomas, D. B.
- Affiliations
- Cape Town HVTN Immunology Laboratory / Hutchinson Centre Research Institute of South Africa (ZA)
- Group Health Cooperative (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gallagher, L. G.
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-10-03
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1510-1518
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- PMC
- PMC3235022
- OpenAlex
- W2121444918
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (R01 CA 80180, R01CA080180)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- cardiovascular mortality, reproductive history, women textile workers, ischemic heart disease, stroke, age at menarche, age at menopause, parity, lactation, contraceptive use, abortion, smoking, one-child policy, Asian women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, China, Contraception Behavior, Female, Humans, Menarche, Menopause, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Smoking, Textiles, Proportional Hazards Models, Reproductive History, Stroke
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