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Cited by 22Immunotherapy and Immune ResponsesImmune responses and vaccinationsInfluenza Virus Research Studies

Adjuvant Effect of Human Growth Hormone with an Inactivated Flavivirus Vaccine

Stephenson, J. R., Lee, J. M., Bailey, N., Shepherd, A. G., Melling, J.·1991·Journal of Infectious Diseases
DOI 10.1093/infdis/164.1.188
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Abstract

Vaccines made by inactivating pathogenic microorganisms have been dramatically successful in controlling diseases in humans and animals. Despite their successes, they have a major disadvantage in that several inoculations are required for them to be effective. To overcome this problem, a commercial inactivated vaccine preparation against tickborne encephalitis was combined with human growth hormone (HGH). This formulation produced complete protection in a murine model with only one dose of vaccine, apparently by binding hormone and antigen to an insoluble matrix containing aluminium hydroxide. Thus it is postulated that when virus-specific lymphocytes are attracted to the site of injection, the hormone is at a high local concentration and stimulates the clonal expansion of antigen-specific T cells. The development of genetically engineered HGH now gives unlimited supplies of hormone, potentially resulting in an increase in efficacy of a wide variety of vaccines, especially those needing prolonged immunization schedules such as those being developed to combat human immunodeficiency virus infection.

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Crossref · 10.1093/infdis/164.1.188

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17 of 17 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Alternative routes of immune-to-brain signaling include activation of vagal and other neural afferents, cerebral endothelial and perivascular cells, and directed traffic of leukocytes to the brain.

    “Alternative routes of immune-to-brain signaling are immunomediators that can activate vagal and other neural afferents, as well as cerebral endothelial and perivascular cells or the directed traffic of leukocytes to the brain (70, 503, 523, 586).”

    From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [523]

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Authors
Stephenson, J. R., Lee, J. M., Bailey, N., Shepherd, A. G., & Melling, J.
Venue
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1991-07-01
Volume
164
Issue
1
Pages
188-191
ISSN
  • 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-6613
DOI
10.1093/infdis/164.1.188
OpenAlex
W2067463228
Cited by
22
References
17
Citations by year
2019: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
FWCI
0.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
Keywords
human growth hormone, adjuvants, aluminum hydroxide, single-dose vaccination, T cell clonal expansion, HIV vaccine, vaccination schedule
MeSH terms
Adjuvants, Immunologic, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne, Encephalitis, Tick-Borne, Humans, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Recombinant Proteins, Growth Hormone, Viral Vaccines, Vaccines, Inactivated, Mice

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