Long-Term Combined Supplementations with α-Tocopherol and Vitamin C Have No Detectable Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Healthy Men
Open accessAbstract
Inflammatory and oxidative stresses play a pivotal role in atherogenesis. Vitamin E and vitamin C are the two most important dietary antioxidants; moreover, vitamin E has anti-inflammatory effects. Combined supplementations with vitamin E and vitamin C twice daily for 3 y reduced lipid peroxidation and retarded the progression of common carotid atherosclerosis in healthy men in the Antioxidant Supplementation in Atherosclerosis Prevention (ASAP) study. To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms that retarded the progression of atherosclerosis in the ASAP study, we investigated the effect of a combined intake of vitamin E and vitamin C on inflammatory markers in vivo. Circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured in 45- to 69-y-old men from the ASAP study with cholesterol >5.0 mmol/L before and after treatment with either placebo (n = 52) or a combined supplementation with 91 mg (136 IU) alpha-tocopherol and 250 mg of slow-release vitamin C twice a day (n = 55) for 3 y. Antioxidant treatment for 36 mo had no effect on circulating levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6 or CRP. In conclusion, long-term combined supplementations with alpha-tocopherol and vitamin C in reasonable doses have no detectable systemic anti-inflammatory effects in a healthy population of men with slight hypercholesterolemia and no overt signs of inflammation.
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Exercise training is more effective in those with the highest initial CRP concentrations, independent of changes in body weight or body fat.
“Again, the exercise training seemed to be more effective in those with the highest initial CRP concentrations, independently of changes in body weight or percentage of body fat, indicating that baseline levels of low-grade inflammation may be an important factor.”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [236]
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- Authors
- Bruunsgaard, H., Pedersen, B. K., Poulsen, H. E., Nyyssönen, K., Kaikkonen, J., & Salonen, J. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1170-1173
- ISSN
- 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1891926668
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 5.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Keywords
- alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, combination supplementation, antioxidant supplementation, anti-inflammatory activity, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, TNF-α, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, inflammatory markers, lipid peroxidation
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Antioxidants, Ascorbic Acid, C-Reactive Protein, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, alpha-Tocopherol
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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