Tegavivint and the β-Catenin/ALDH Axis in Chemotherapy-Resistant and Metastatic Osteosarcoma
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Background: The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is closely associated with osteosarcoma (OS) development and metastatic progression. We investigated the antitumor activity of Tegavivint, a novel β-catenin/transducin β-like protein 1 (TBL1) inhibitor, against OS employing in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo cell line and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models that recapitulate high risk disease. Methods: The antitumor efficacy of Tegavivint was evaluated in vitro using established OS and PDX-derived cell lines. Use of an ex vivo three-dimensional pulmonary metastasis assay assessed targeting of β-catenin activity during micro- and macrometastatic development. The in vivo activity of Tegavivint was evaluated using chemoresistant and metastatic OS PDX models. Gene and protein expression were quantified by quantitative Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or immunoblot analysis. Bone integrity was determined via microCT. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Tegavivint exhibited antiproliferative activity against OS cells in vitro and actively reduced micro- and macrometastatic development ex vivo. Multiple OS PDX tumors (n = 3), including paired patient primary and lung metastatic tumors with inherent chemoresistance, were suppressed by Tegavivint in vivo. We identified that metastatic lung OS cell lines (n = 2) exhibited increased stem cell signatures, including enhanced concomitant aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1) and β-catenin expression and downstream activity, which were suppressed by Tegavivint (ALDH1: control group, mean relative mRNA expression = 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68 to 1.22 vs Tegavivint group, mean = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.0012 to 0.056, P < .001; β-catenin: control group, mean relative mRNA expression = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.71 to 1.36 vs Tegavivint group, mean = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.36 to 0.52, P < .001). ALDH1high PDX-derived lung OS cells, which demonstrated enhanced metastatic potential compared with ALDHlow cells in vivo, were sensitive to Tegavivint. Toxicity studies revealed decreased bone density in male Tegavivint-treated mice (n = 4 mice per group). Conclusions: Tegavivint is a promising therapeutic agent for advanced stages of OS via its targeting of the β-catenin/ALDH1 axis.
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Several cytokines that mediate metastasis may constitute therapeutic targets in osteosarcoma, including IL-6, CXCL8, CCL2 and β-catenin.
“Several of the cytokines that mediate metastasis may also constitute therapeutic targets, including IL-6, CXCL8 (ref.62 ), CCL2 (ref.99 ) and β-catenin 100 .”
From Osteosarcoma (2022) · cites this paper as [100]
Mouse-derived cultures, from spontaneous tumours or engineered models, allow researchers to examine disease biology or test treatments in mice that have a functioning immune system.
“Cultures derived from mice with spontaneous osteosarcoma 210 or from genetically engineered mouse models 100,213 are available to study disease biology or therapeutics in mice with intact immune systems.”
From Osteosarcoma (2022) · cites this paper as [100]
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- Authors
- Nomura, M., Rainusso, N., Lee, Y.-C., Dawson, B., Coarfa, C., Han, R., Larson, J. L., Shuck, R., Kurenbekova, L., & Yustein, J. T.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yustein, Jason T
- ORCID
- Venue
- JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-02-21
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1216-1227
- ISSN
- 0027-8874 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2105
- PMC
- PMC6855956
- OpenAlex
- W2916314601
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 9.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Keywords
- β-catenin, ALDH1, osteosarcoma, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, chemoresistance, lung metastasis, cancer stem cells, patient-derived xenografts, bone integrity, anticancer activity, drug repurposing, mesenchymal stem cells
- MeSH terms
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Bone Neoplasms, Enzyme Inhibitors, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Osteosarcoma, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Biomarkers, Tumor, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Mice, SCID, Mice, Inbred NOD, Apoptosis, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Cell Proliferation, beta Catenin, Mice
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