Risk factors for sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among human immunodeficiency virus-infected men who have sex with men: a case-control study.
Open accessAbstract
Background. Since 2000, incidence of sexually acquired hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infection has increased among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). To date, few case-control and cohort studies evaluating HCV transmission risk factors were conducted in this population, and most of these studies were initially designed to study HIV-related risk behavior and characteristics. Methods. From 2009 onwards, HIV-infected MSM with acute HCV infection and controls (HIV-monoinfected MSM) were prospectively included in the MOSAIC (MSM Observational Study of Acute Infection with hepatitis C) study at 5 large HIV outpatient clinics in the Netherlands. Written questionnaires were administered, covering sociodemographics, bloodborne risk factors for HCV infection, sexual behavior, and drug use. Clinical data were acquired through linkage with databases from the Dutch HIV Monitoring Foundation. For this study, determinants of HCV acquisition collected at the inclusion visit were analyzed using logistic regression. Results. Two hundred thirteen HIV-infected MSM (82 MSM with acute HCV infection and 131 MSM without) were included with a median age of 45.7 years (interquartile range [IQR], 41.0-52.2). Receptive unprotected anal intercourse (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63-15.4), sharing sex toys (aOR, 3.62; 95% CI, 1.04-12.5), unprotected fisting (aOR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.02-6.44), injecting drugs (aOR, 15.62; 95% CI, 1.27-192.6), sharing straws when snorting drugs (aOR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.39-8.32), lower CD4 cell count (aOR, 1.75 per cubic root; 95% CI, 1.19-2.58), and recent diagnosis of ulcerative sexually transmitted infection (aOR, 4.82; 95% CI, 1.60-14.53) had significant effects on HCV acquisition. Conclusions. In this study, both sexual behavior and biological factors appear to independently increase the risk of HCV acquisition among HIV-infected MSM.
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HCV transmission among MSM with HIV infection has been associated with group sex and chemsex.
“HCV transmission among MSM with HIV infection has also been associated with group sex and chemsex (i.e., using recreational drugs in a sexual context) (1344–1348).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [1348]
The Results (Univariable Analysis; page unavailable) associate group sex participation and several recreational drugs with acute HCV infection among HIV-infected MSM. But the Discussion (page unavailable) says the group-sex association lost significance after adjustment and reports a low prevalence of “chem-sex”; the study does not establish an association for drug use specifically in a sexual context. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Vanhommerig, J. W., Lambers, F. A. E., Schinkel, J., Geskus, R. B., Arends, J. E., van de Laar, T. J. W., Lauw, F. N., Brinkman, K., Gras, L., Rijnders, B. J. A., van der Meer, J. T. M., Prins, M., on behalf of the MOSAIC (MSM Observational Study of Acute Infection With Hepatitis C) Study Group, van der Meer, J. T. M., Molenkamp, R., Mutschelknauss, M., Nobel, H. E., Reesink, H. W., Schinkel, J., van der Valk, M., van den Berk, G. E. L., Brinkman, K., Kwa, D., van der Meche, N., Toonen, A., Vos, D., van Broekhuizen, M., Lauw, F. N., Mulder, J. W., Arends, J. E., van Kessel, A., de Kroon, I., Boonstra, A., van der Ende, M. E., Hullegie, S., Rijnders, B. J. A., van de Laar, T. J. W., Gras, L., Smit, C., Lambers, F. A. E., Prins, M., Vanhommerig, J. W., & van der Veldt, W.
- Affiliations
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam
- GGD Amsterdam (NL)
- Departments of Medical Microbiology
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht
- Department of Blood-Borne Infections, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam
- Department of Internal Medicine, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam
- Stichting HIV Monitoring (NL)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, The Netherlands
- Slotervaartziekenhuis (NL)
- Sanquin (NL)
- Venue
- Open Forum Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- ofv115-ofv115
- ISSN
- 2328-8957 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4665384
- OpenAlex
- W1548055770
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 7.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Open Forum Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Aids Fonds (2013.037)
- Universiteit van Amsterdam
- Erasmus Medisch Centrum
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Keywords
- hepatitis C virus, HIV infection, men who have sex with men, sexual transmission, risk factors, unprotected anal intercourse, fisting, intravenous drug use, CD4 count, sexually transmitted infections, acute hepatitis C, HIV/HCV coinfection, blood-borne transmission, harm reduction, harm reduction services, harm reduction clinics
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