Cited by 1,001Statistical Methods in EpidemiologyGlobal Cancer Incidence and ScreeningMeta-analysis and systematic reviews

ESTIMATING PREVALENCE FROM THE RESULTS OF A SCREENING TEST

ROGAN, WALTER J., GLADEN, BETH·1978·American Journal of Epidemiology

Abstract

This paper deals with some basis properties of screening tests. Such tests purport to separate people with disease from people without. Minimal criteria for such a process to be a test are discussed. Various ways of judging the goodness of a test are examined. A common use of tests is to estimate prevalence of disease; frequency of positive tests is shown to be a bad estimate, and the necessary adjustmants are given.

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Crossref · 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112510

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  • Similarity is scored by an LLM judge (GPT-5.4; 92.7% binary accuracy, sensitivity 87.1%, specificity 96.8%) and rates are Rogan-Gladen-corrected within stratum.

    “Similarity is scored by an LLM judge (GPT-5.4;92.7% binary accuracy, sensitivity 87.1%, specificity 96.8%) and rates are Rogan-Gladen-corrected [Rogan and Gladen, 1978] within stratum, computed per paper, and reported with 95% cluster-bootstrap CIs (10,000 paper-level resamples).”

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Authors
ROGAN, W. J., & GLADEN, B.
Affiliations
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)
Corresponding author
ROGAN, WALTER J.
Venue
American Journal of Epidemiology
Published
1978-01
Volume
107
Issue
1
Pages
71-76
ISSN
  • 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-6256
OpenAlex
W2271596670
Cited by
1,001
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 73 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 95 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 35
FWCI
4.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Keywords
screening test, disease prevalence estimation, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value, false positive rate
MeSH terms
Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Mass Screening, Morbidity, Population Surveillance

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