CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 132Schizophrenia research and treatmentMental Health and PsychiatryNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Information-processing abnormalities: Trait- and state-dependent components

Open access
Saccuzzo, D. P., Braff, D. L.·1986·Schizophrenia Bulletin
DOI 10.1093/schbul/12.3.447
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Schizophrenics were compared to schizoaffective, bipolar, and nonpsychotic depressed patients in a visual masking paradigm in which an informational target stimulus was followed at varying intervals by a noninformational masking stimulus. In limiting the availability of the sensory signal provided by the target stimulus, the mask was used to probe how information from the environment enters and is processed by the central nervous system. The use of the masking paradigm was originally based on the hypothesis that thought disorder is a result of a more primary dysfunction in the processes that precede and result in thought. Results confirmed previous findings of a performance deficit in the schizophrenics when compared to nonpsychotic controls. Schizoaffective and bipolar patients also showed evidence of impaired processing, however. Results were interpreted in terms of a trait/state formulation in which impaired information processing is seen as a fundamental trait of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and as a state that can covary with psychotic illness in general. A unifying concept centers on the effects of psychopathological conditions on an individual's processing resources that results in either underprovision or overprovision of information from sensory input to complex cognitive operations dependent on the cerebral cortex. Findings from a variety of paradigms are consistent with those of the masking paradigm in revealing that the processing deficits of schizophrenics are time dependent and occur in the 500 ms following stimulus input.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/schbul/12.3.447

Cites

80 of 80 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • There are numerous examples of poor form processing in schizophrenia that would seem to directly implicate integration deficits.

    “There are numerous examples of poor form processing in schizophrenia that would seem to directly implicate integration deficits.”

    From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [60]

  • Deficits in object recognition, grouping, perceptual closure, face processing, and reading occur in schizophrenia.

    “These include deficits in object recognition, grouping, perceptual closure, face processing, and reading (54–62).”

    From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [60]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 10

  1. Braff, D.L. Attention, habituation and information processing in psychi- atric disorders. In: Psychiatry III. Philadelphia: Lippincott Co., 1985. pp. 1-12.
  2. Knight, R.A. Converging models of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia. In: Spaulding, W.D., and Cole, J.K., eds. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1983: Theories of Schizophrenia and Psychosis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984. pp. 93-156.
  3. Knight, R.A., and Sims-Knight, J.E. Integration of visual patterns in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 89:623-634, 1980.
  4. Long, G.M. The pretreatment of weighting technique. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10:140-143, 1984.
  5. Nakano, K., and Saccuzzo, D.P. Schizotaxia, visual information- processing, and the MMPI 2-7-8 code type. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, in press.
  6. Saccuzzo, D.P.; Braff, D.L.; Sprock, ].; and Sudik, N. The schizophrenia spectrum: A study of the relationship among the Rorschach, MMPI, and visual backward masking. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40:1288-1294, 1984.
  7. Saccuzzo, D.P.; Kerr, M.; Marcus, A.; and Brown, R. Visual infor- mation processing in mental retar- dation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88:341-345, 1979.
  8. Saccuzzo, D.P., and Schubert, D.L. Information-processing in the schizo- phrenia spectrum: A reply to Schwartz. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 92:503, 1983.
  9. Yates, A.J. Psychological deficit. Annual Review of Psychology, 17:111-144, 1966.
  10. Zubin, J., and Spring, B. Vulner- ability. A new view of schizo- phrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86.102-126, 1977.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Saccuzzo, D. P., & Braff, D. L.
Affiliations
  • San Diego State University (US)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
Corresponding author
Braff, D. L.
ORCID
Braff, D. L.
Venue
Schizophrenia Bulletin
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1986-01-01
Volume
12
Issue
3
Pages
447-459
ISSN
  • 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
  • 1745-1701
DOI
10.1093/schbul/12.3.447
OpenAlex
W2137856807
Cited by
132
References
80
Citations by year
2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
FWCI
3.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • San Diego State University
  • University of California, San Diego
  • School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder
MeSH terms
Adult, Attention, Bipolar Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Prognosis, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotic Disorders, Reaction Time, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Thinking

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review