Impaired visual object recognition and dorsal/ventral stream interaction in schizophrenia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is associated with well-documented deficits in high-order cognitive processes such as attention and executive functioning. The integrity of sensory-level processing, however, has been evaluated only to a limited degree. Our study evaluated the ability of patients with schizophrenia to recognize complete objects based on fragmentary information, a process termed perceptual closure. Perceptual closure processes are indexed by closure negativity (N(cl)), a recently defined event-related potential (ERP) component that is generated within the visual association cortex. This study assessed the neural integrity of perceptual closure processes in schizophrenia by examining N(cl) generation. Generation of the preceding positive (P1) and negative (N1) ERP components was also examined. METHODS: We evaluated 16 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 16 healthy comparison subjects. Successively less fragmented images were presented during high-density ERP recording, which permitted the monitoring of brain activity during perceptual closure processes prior to object recognition. Analyses were performed at parieto-occipital and occipitotemporal sites consistent with dorsal and ventral stream generators of P1, N1, and N(cl). RESULTS: Patients with schizophrenia showed significant impairment in the ability to recognize fragmented objects, along with impaired generation of N(cl). The amplitude of visual P1 was significantly reduced, particularly over dorsal stream sites. In contrast, the generation of visual N1 was intact. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with schizophrenia are profoundly impaired in perceptual closure as indicated by both impaired performance and impaired N(cl) generation. The selective impairment in dorsal stream P1 is consistent with prior reports of impaired magnocellular processing in schizophrenia. By contrast, intact ventral N1 generation suggests that the initial stages of ventral stream processing are relatively preserved and that impaired magnocellular dorsal stream functioning in schizophrenia may lead to secondary dysregulation of ventral stream object recognition processing.
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Deficits in object recognition, grouping, perceptual closure, face processing, and reading occur in schizophrenia.
“These include deficits in object recognition, grouping, perceptual closure, face processing, and reading (54–62).”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [59]
There are numerous examples of poor form processing in schizophrenia that would seem to directly implicate integration deficits.
“There are numerous examples of poor form processing in schizophrenia that would seem to directly implicate integration deficits.”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [59]
Initial P input to the ventral stream was normal in patients with schizophrenia, as indicated by an intact N1 component.
“Initial P input to the ventral stream was normal as indicated by an intact N1 component.”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [59]
In a perceptual closure paradigm, patients with schizophrenia had impaired ability to recognize fragmented pictures.
“With a perceptual closure paradigm Doniger et al. (59) found that patients had impaired ability to recognize fragmented pictures.”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [59]
Patients with schizophrenia had decreased amplitude of the dorsal stream-generated P100-evoked potential component, which occurred earlier than impairment in the ventral stream-generated closure negativity (Ncl) component associated with object recognition.
“Patients also had decreased amplitude of the dorsal stream-generated P100-evoked potential component, which occurred earlier in time than impairment in the ventral stream-generated closure negativity (Ncl) component associated with object recognition.”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [59]
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- Authors
- Doniger, G. M., Foxe, J. J., Murray, M. M., Higgins, B. A., & Javitt, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Javitt, Daniel C.
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2002-11-01
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1011
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2022211225
- Cited by
- 345
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 5.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1f31mh012691-01)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K02-MH-01439, MH12691, R01 MH49334, R03MH063434, R01MH049334, K02MH001439)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, visual object recognition, perceptual closure, dorsal stream, ventral stream, P1 component, N1 component, event-related potentials, visual association cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Contingent Negative Variation, Discrimination Learning, Evoked Potentials, Visual, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Occipital Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Closure, Reaction Time, Reference Values, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Temporal Lobe, Visual Cortex
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