The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 47 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Affective Dysregulation and Reality Distortion: A 10-Year Prospective Study of Their Association and Clinical Relevance
Open accessAbstract
Evidence from clinical patient populations indicates that affective dysregulation is strongly associated with reality distortion, suggesting that a process of misassignment of emotional salience may underlie this connection. To examine this in more detail without clinical confounds, affective regulation-reality distortion relationships, and their clinical relevance, were examined in a German prospective cohort community study. A cohort of 2524 adolescents and young adults aged 14-24 years at baseline was examined by experienced psychologists. Presence of psychotic experiences and (hypo)manic and depressive symptoms was assessed at 2 time points (3.5 and up to 10 years after baseline) using the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Associations were tested between level of affective dysregulation on the one hand and incidence of psychotic experiences, persistence of these experiences, and psychotic Impairment on the other. Most psychotic experiences occurred in a context of affective dysregulation, and bidirectional dose-response was apparent with greater level of both affective dysregulation and psychotic experiences. Persistence of psychotic experiences was progressively more likely with greater level of (hypo)manic symptoms (odds ratio [OR] trend=1.51, P<.001) and depressive symptoms (OR trend=1.15, P=.012). Similarly, psychotic experiences of clinical relevance were progressively more likely to occur with greater level of affective dysregulation (depressive symptoms: OR trend=1.28, P=.002; (hypo)manic symptoms: OR trend=1.37, P=.036). Correlated genetic liabilities underlying affective and nonaffective psychotic syndromes may be expressed as correlated dimensions in the general population. Also, affective dysregulation may contribute causally to the persistence and clinical relevance of reality distortion, possibly by facilitating a mechanism of aberrant salience attribution.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“and increases the risk for developing a full-blown psychotic disorder [8].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.
Overall, J. E., & Gorham, D. R. (1962) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1962.10.3.799 · Cited by 11,090
Kapur, S. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.13 · Cited by 2,813
Wittchen, H.-U. (1994) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(94)90036-1 · Cited by 2,348
van Os, J., Linscott, R. J., Myin-Germeys, I., Delespaul, P., & Krabbendam, L. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291708003814 · Cited by 2,343
Lichtenstein, P., Yip, B. H., Björk, C., Pawitan, Y., Cannon, T. D., Sullivan, P. F., & Hultman, C. M. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60072-6 · Cited by 2,125
van Os, J., & Kapur, S. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60995-8 · Cited by 1,971
A cognitive model of the positive symptoms of psychosis
GARETY, P. A., KUIPERS, E., FOWLER, D., FREEMAN, D., & BEBBINGTON, P. E. (2001) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291701003312 · Cited by 1,546 · cited 2×
“Existent psychological models of symptom formation suggest that the emotional context, and associated beliefs or appraisals, may induce bias in logical reasoning processes and, therefore, provoke reality distortion in healthy individuals.(2,15) In the psychological model described by Garety and colleagues,(1) the expe…”
Lifetime Prevalence of Psychotic and Bipolar I Disorders in a General Population
Perälä, J., Suvisaari, J., Saarni, S. I., Kuoppasalmi, K. I., Isometsä, E. T., Pirkola, S. P., Partonen, T., Tuulio‐Henriksson, A., Hintikka, J., Kieseppä, T., et al. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.1.19 · Cited by 1,523
Cannon, T. D., Cadenhead, K., Cornblatt, B., Woods, S. W., Addington, J., Walker, E., Seidman, L. J., Perkins, D., Tsuang, M., McGlashan, T., et al. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2007.3 · Cited by 1,269
Children's Self-Reported Psychotic Symptoms and Adult Schizophreniform Disorder
Poulton, R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Cannon, M. D., Murray, R. M., & Harrington, H. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.11.1053 · Cited by 1,139
Putatively psychosis-prone subjects 10 years later.
Chapman, L. J., Chapman, J. P., Kwapil, T. R., Eckblad, M., & Zinser, M. C. (1994) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.103.2.171 · Cited by 977
Strauss (1969) revisited: a psychosis continuum in the general population?
van Os, J., Hanssen, M., Bijl, R. V., & Ravelli, A. (2000) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00224-8 · Cited by 893
Wittchen, H.-U., Robins, L. N., Cottler, L. B., Sartorius, N., Burke, J. D., Regier, D., & Trials, P. I. T. M. W. F. (1991) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.159.5.645 · Cited by 833
Stress-reactivity in psychosis: Evidence for an affective pathway to psychosis
Myin-Germeys, I., & van Os, J. (2007) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.09.005 · Cited by 719
Reduced prefrontal activity predicts exaggerated striatal dopaminergic function in schizophrenia
Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Miletich, R. S., Kohn, P. D., Esposito, G., Carson, R. E., Quarantelli, M., Weinberger, D. R., & Berman, K. F. (2002) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn804 · Cited by 652
From dopamine to salience to psychosis—Linking biology, pharmacology and phenomenology of psychosis
Kapur, S., Mizrahi, R., & Li, M. (2005) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.01.003 · Cited by 512
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
Overall, J. E., & Gorham, D. R. (1962) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t01554-000 · Cited by 498
Dominguez, M.-D.-G., Wichers, M., Lieb, R., Wïttchen, H., & van Os, J. (2009) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp022 · Cited by 487
Self-citationA Twin Study of Genetic Relationships Between Psychotic Symptoms
Cardno, A. G., Rijsdijk, F. V., Sham, P. C., Murray, R. M., & McGuffin, P. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.4.539 · Cited by 460
Smith, B., Fowler, D. G., Freeman, D. H., Bebbington, P., Bashforth, H., Garety, P. A., Dunn, G., & Kuipers, E. (2006) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.06.018 · Cited by 443
The incidence and outcome of subclinical psychotic experiences in the general population
Hanssen, M., Bak, M., Bijl, R. V., Vollebergh, W., & van Os, J. (2005) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466505x29611 · Cited by 442
Implications for neurobiological research of cognitive models of psychosis: a theoretical paper
GARETY, P. A., BEBBINGTON, P., FOWLER, D., FREEMAN, D., & KUIPERS, E. (2007) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170700013x · Cited by 347
Bentall, R. P., Rowse, G., Shryane, N., Kinderman, P., Howard, R., Blackwood, N., Moore, R., & Corcoran, R. (2009) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.1 · Cited by 295
Welham, J., Scott, J., Williams, G., Najman, J., Bor, W., O'Callaghan, M., & McGrath, J. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291708003760 · Cited by 288
Reed, V., Gander, F., Pfister, H., Steiger, A., Sonntag, H., Trenkwalder, C., Sonntag, A., Hundt, W., & Wittchen, H. (1998) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.44 · Cited by 278
COUGNARD, A., MARCELIS, M., MYIN-GERMEYS, I., DE GRAAF, R., VOLLEBERGH, W., KRABBENDAM, L., LIEB, R., WITTCHEN, H.-U., HENQUET, C., SPAUWEN, J., et al. (2007) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706009731 · Cited by 276
Self-citationEarly Developmental Stages of Psychopathology Study (EDSP): Objectives and Design
Wïttchen, H., Perkonigg, A., Lachner, G., & Nelson, C. B. (1998) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000018921 · Cited by 232
The Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology Study (EDSP): A Methodological Update
Lieb, R., Isensee, B., von Sydow, K., & Wïttchen, H. (2000) · European Addiction Research · doi:10.1159/000052043 · Cited by 208
Self-citationPrevalence and description of psychotic features in bipolar mania
Dunayevich, E., & Keck, P. E. (2000) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-000-0069-4 · Cited by 197
How psychotic are individuals with non-psychotic disorders?
Hanssen, M., Peeters, F. P. M. L., A, L. K. M., Radstake, S., Verdoux, H., & van Os, J. (2003) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-003-0622-7 · Cited by 185
Rethinking psychosis: the disadvantages of a dichotomous classification now outweigh the advantages.
Craddock, N. J., & Owen, M. J. (2007) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 183
Depressive Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Zisook, S., McAdams, L. A., Kuck, J., Harris, M. J., Bailey, A. L., Patterson, T. L., Judd, L. L., & Jeste, D. V. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.11.1736 · Cited by 169
Kendler, K. S. (1993) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820200059006 · Cited by 164
Increased Caudate Dopamine D2 Receptor Availability as a Genetic Marker for Schizophrenia
Hirvonen, J., van Erp, T. G. M., Huttunen, J., Aalto, S., Någren, K., HUTTUNEN, M. O., Lönnqvist, J. K., Kaprio, J. A., Hietala, J. A., & Cannon, T. D. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.4.371 · Cited by 161
A salience dysregulation syndrome
van Os, J. (2009) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054254 · Cited by 151
Striatal dopamine synthesis in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia.
Huttunen, J., Heinimaa, M., Svirskis, T., Nyman, M., Kajander, J., Forsback, S., Solin, O., Ilonen, T., Korkeila, J., Ristkari, T., et al. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.04.017 · Cited by 128
Myin-Germeys, I., Marcelis, M., Krabbendam, L., Delespaul, P., & van Os, J. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.012 · Cited by 115
Dimensions of depression, mania and psychosis in the general population
KRABBENDAM, L., MYIN-GERMEYS, I., DE GRAAF, R., VOLLEBERGH, W., NOLEN, W. A., IEDEMA, J., & VAN OS, J. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291703001892 · Cited by 109
Editor's Introduction: The Empirical Status of the Ultra High-Risk (Prodromal) Research Paradigm
Cannon, T. D., Cornblatt, B., & McGorry, P. D. (2007) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm031 · Cited by 101
Sareen, J., Cox, B. J., Goodwin, R. D., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2005) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20040 · Cited by 98
The misattribution of salience in delusional patients with schizophrenia
Holt, D. J., Titone, D. A., Long, L. S., GOFF, D. C., Cather, C., Rauch, S. L., Judge, A. M., & Kuperberg, G. R. (2006) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.12.858 · Cited by 80
Regeer, E. J., A, L. K. M., de Graaf, R., ten Have, M., Nolen, W. A., & van Os, J. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291705006823 · Cited by 75
Brunelin, J., d'Amato, T., van Os, J., Cochet, A., Suaud-Chagny, M.-F., & Saoud, M. (2008) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.11.009 · Cited by 74
Tijssen, M. J. A., van Os, J., Wïttchen, H., Lieb, R., Beesdo, K., Mengelers, R., Krabbendam, L., & Wichers, M. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709006138 · Cited by 72
Self-citationContent and affect in persecutory delusions
Green, C., Garety, P. A., Freeman, D. H., Fowler, D. G., Bebbington, P., Dunn, G., & Kuipers, E. (2006) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466506x98768 · Cited by 70
Cognitive and emotional associations to positive schizotypy during adolescence
Debbané, M., der Linden, M. V., Gex‐Fabry, M., & D, S. E. M. (2009) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01961.x · Cited by 56
Characterization of affective domains within the nonaffective psychotic disorders
Peralta, V., & Cuesta, M. J. (2009) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.03.008 · Cited by 28
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Craddock, 2007, 6, 84
- 1999, American Journal of Psychiatry, 1056, 1736
- 2009, Schizophrenia Bulletin, 35, 74
- 1998, International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 7, 619
- 1962, Psychological reports, 10, 799, 10.2466/PR0.10.3.799-812 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Linscott, R. J., & van Os, J. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712001626 · Cited by 1,181
Psychosis as a transdiagnostic and extended phenotype in the general population
van Os, J., & Reininghaus, U. (2016) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20310 · Cited by 531
Morrison, A. P., French, P., Stewart, S. L. K., Birchwood, M., Fowler, D., Gumley, A. I., Jones, P. B., Bentall, R. P., Lewis, S. W., Murray, G. K., et al. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e2233 · Cited by 332
The slow death of the concept of schizophrenia and the painful birth of the psychosis spectrum
Gülöksüz, S., & van Os, J. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291717001775 · Cited by 369
Kuepper, R., van Os, J., Lieb, R., Wittchen, H.-U., Hofler, M., & Henquet, C. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d738 · Cited by 304
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- van Rossum, I., Dominguez, M.-D.-G., Lieb, R., Wittchen, H.-U., & van Os, J.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- University of Basel (CH)
- ORCID
- Lieb, R.
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-09-30
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 561-571
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC3080695
- OpenAlex
- W2097810958
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 8.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- AstraZeneca
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (WI 709/8-1, WI 709/7-1, WI2246/1‐1, LA1148/1‐1)
- Servier
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- Cilag
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- emotional dysregulation, reality distortion
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Bipolar Disorder, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Germany, Humans, Male, Perceptual Distortion, Prospective Studies, Reality Testing, Risk Factors, Adolescent Development, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
