Anomalous bodily maps of emotions in schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Embodied emotions arise from interoceptive and somatosensory processes, and are essential to the development of a stable sense of self. Emotional embodiment is therefore inherently interwoven with our sense of bodily self-awareness, and allows us to navigate complex social situations. Given that the core feature of schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by the presence of bodily self-disturbances and social-emotional deficits, we hypothesized that embodiment of emotion would be disrupted in SZ. METHOD: Twenty-six medicated individuals with SZ and 26 demographically matched controls used a computerized topographical mapping tool ("EmBODY") to indicate on a body outline where they felt bodily sensations while experiencing an emotion. There were 13 different emotions plus a neutral state. The resulting bodily maps of emotions were quantitatively compared between groups using linear discriminant analysis and similarity scores. RESULTS: Bodily maps of emotions were anomalous in SZ as indicated by indistinguishable maps across different emotions. Relative to the control group, patients reported less discrete and less clear bodily sensations across emotions. In particular, bodily maps for low-arousal emotions were atypical in comparison with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: Anomalous and undifferentiated mapping of embodied emotions in SZ could lead to deficits in linking bodily sensations to conceptual categories of emotions. Disrupted emotional embodiment could also contribute to poor social functioning. Abnormal bodily sensations of emotions might therefore be a promising target for future psychosocial interventions.
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Individuals with schizophrenia report atypical bodily locations when asked where their emotions are experienced on a body map.
“Finally, individuals with schizophrenia report atypical bodily locations when asked where their emotions are experienced on a body map (Torregrossa et al., 2019).”
From Atypical interoception as a common risk factor for psychopathology: A review (2021) · cites this paper as Torregrossa et al., 2019
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- Authors
- Torregrossa, L. J., Snodgress, M. A., Hong, S. J., Nichols, H. S., Glerean, E., Nummenmaa, L., & Park, S.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- University of Turku (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Park, Sohee
- ORCID
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2018-12-14
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1060-1067
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC6737484
- OpenAlex
- W2905421302
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 3.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Gertrude Conaway Vanderbilt Endowment
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, embodied emotion
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenia, Sensation, Discriminant Analysis, Case-Control Studies, Interoception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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