Bodily Maps of Emotion in Major Depressive Disorder
Open accessAbstract
Background: Emotions play a central role in mental disorder and especially in depression. They are sensed in the body, and it has recently been shown in healthy participants that these sensations can be differentiated between emotions. The aim of the current study was to assess bodily sensations for basic emotions induced by emotion eliciting pictures in depression. Methods: 30 healthy controls (HC), 30 individuals suffering from Major depressive disorder (MDD) without medication use (MDDnm) and 30 individuals with MDD with medication use (MDDm) were shown emotional and neutral pictures and were asked to paint areas in an empty body silhouette where they felt an increase or decrease in activation. Body sensation maps were then calculated and statistical pattern recognition applied. Results: Results indicated statistically separable activation patterns for all three groups. MDDnm showed less overall activation than HCs, especially in sadness and fear, while MDDm showed stronger deactivation for all emotions than the other two groups. Conclusions: We could show that emotion experience was associated with bodily sensations that are weaker in depression than in healthy controls and that antidepressant medication was correlated with an increased feeling of bodily deactivation. Results give insights into the relevance for clinicians to acknowledge bodily sensations in the treatment of depression.
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Other studies have observed reduced interoceptive abilities in medicated major depressive disorder participants, indexed by attenuated emotional experience associated with bodily responses.
“In contrast, other studies have observed reduced interoceptive abilities in medicated MDD participants, indexed by attenuated emotional experience associated with bodily responses [61].”
From Neural correlates of altered interoception in depressive and anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2026) · cites this paper as [61]
The Abstract reports that medicated participants with major depressive disorder showed stronger bodily deactivation during emotion-eliciting pictures than the other groups, and the Discussion describes decreased sensed bodily activation. That supports the claim about attenuated bodily experience, but the study did not directly measure interoceptive ability; its medication-related findings were exploratory. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Lyons, N., Strasser, A., Beitz, B., Teismann, T., Ostermann, T., Anderle, L., & Michalak, J.
- Affiliations
- Witten/Herdecke University (DE)
- University of Wuppertal (DE)
- Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Lyons, Naomi
- Venue
- Cognitive Therapy and Research
- Published
- 2020-12-28
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 508-516
- ISSN
- 0147-5916 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2819
- OpenAlex
- W3117722660
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cognitive Therapy and Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Projekt DEAL
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, bodily sensations, emotional experience, body map, antidepressants, sadness, fear, emotional pictures, statistical pattern recognition
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