Methionine restriction increases blood glutathione and longevity in F344 rats
Abstract
Little is known about the biochemical mechanisms responsible for the biological aging process. Our previous results and those of others suggest that one possible mechanism is based on the loss of glutathione (GSH), a multifunctional tripeptide present in high concentrations in nearly all living cells. The recent finding that life-long dietary restriction of the GSH precursor methionine (Met) resulted in increased longevity in rats led us to hypothesize that adaptive changes in Met and GSH metabolism had occurred, leading to enhanced GSH status. To test this, blood and tissue GSH levels were measured at different ages throughout the life span in F344 rats on control or Met-restricted diets. Met restriction resulted in a 42% increase in mean and 44% increase in maximum life span, and in 43% lower body weight compared to controls (P < 0.001). Increases in blood GSH levels of 81% and 164% were observed in mature and old Met-restricted animals, respectively (P < 0.001). Liver was apparently the source for this increase as hepatic GSH levels decreased to 40% of controls. Except for a 25% decrease in kidney, GSH was unchanged in other tissues. All changes in GSH occurred as early as 2 months after the start of the diet. Altogether, these results suggest that dramatic adaptations in sulfur amino acid metabolism occur as a result of chronic Met restriction, leading to increases in blood GSH levels and conservation of tissue GSH during aging.
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Feeding low levels of methionine (methionine restriction) causes a strong inhibition of hepatic lipid synthesis and a lowering of blood lipid levels in laboratory animals.
“Noteworthily, studies in laboratory animals showed that feeding low levels of methionine (“methionine restriction”) causes a strong inhibition of hepatic lipid synthesis and a lowering of blood lipid levels [16,17,18]”
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- Authors
- Richie, J. P., Leutzinger, Y., Parthasarathy, S., Maixoy, V., Orentreich, N., & Zimmerman, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Institute for Cancer Prevention (US)
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science (US)
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc. Cold Spring‐on‐Hudson New York 10516 USA
- St. John's University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Richie, John P.
- ORCID
- Richie, John P.
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1994-12
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1302-1307
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W1632132781
- Cited by
- 363
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- methionine restriction, dietary restriction, glutathione, longevity, aging, blood glutathione, liver glutathione, sulfur amino acid metabolism, F344 rats, lifespan, body weight
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Energy Intake, Cysteine, Glutathione, Longevity, Male, Methionine, Rats, Inbred F344, Rats
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