Lessons Learned: Providing a Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Program for Low-income Multiethnic Women With Abnormal Pap Smears
Abstract
Although the incidence rate of cervical cancer has decreased over the last several years, low-income ethnic minority women remain at increased risk for morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer. We conducted a pilot study to examine the feasibility and acceptability of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program among multiethnic low-income women with abnormal Pap smears. Spanish- and English-speaking women recruited through convenience sampling participated in MBSR classes 2 hours each week over 6 consecutive weeks. State anxiety and self-compassion were measured before and after the MBSR program. Focus groups and surveys were used to evaluate the program. Although 51 women were initially recruited, pre- and post-MBSR data were available only for 8 women. There was a significant reduction in anxiety and a trend toward increased self-compassion in this group of women. The participants evaluated the MBSR program very positively. The high attrition rate highlights the challenges of conducting MBSR research with this demographic of women. Potential strategies for improving recruitment and retention of low-income multiethnic women are discussed.
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There is a lack of research on MBSR for under- and unemployed individuals.
“While these are common issues for under- and unemployed individuals, there remains a lack of research on MBSR for this at-risk population, leaving questions about the potential positive impact of such programs.”
From Feasibility and Acceptability of a Community-Based Modified Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for the Under- and Unemployed (2020) · cites this paper as [27]
Recruiting from a site where participants have established positive relationships with staff who endorse participating in the program may have made enrolling in the program more approachable.
“Our strategy of recruiting from a site where participants have established positive relationships with staff who endorse participating in the program, as suggested by Abercrombie and colleagues (2007), may have made enrolling in the program more approachable.27”
From Feasibility and Acceptability of a Community-Based Modified Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for the Under- and Unemployed (2020) · cites this paper as [27]
Previous MBSR research on individuals with insufficient employment have reported difficulties with recruitment "buy-in", particularly due to financial strains, time constraints, and issues with stigma and distrust.
“This finding is noteworthy given that previous MBSR research on individuals with insufficient employment have reported difficulties with recruitment “buy-in”, particularly due to financial strains, time constraints, and issues with stigma and distrust.26,27”
From Feasibility and Acceptability of a Community-Based Modified Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for the Under- and Unemployed (2020) · cites this paper as [27]
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“This finding is noteworthy given that previous MBSR research on individuals with insufficient employment have reported difficulties with recruitment “buy-in”, particularly due to financial strains, time constraints, and issues with stigma and distrust.(26,27) Our strategy of recruiting from a site where participants T…”
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Soto-Rubio, A. L., Picazo, C., Gil‐Juliá, B., Andreu‐Vaillo, Y., Pérez‐Marín, M., & Sinclair, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1352694 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cornelio-Flores, O. (2016) · OpenBU (Boston University)
Foale, S., Botma, Y., & Heyns, T. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2947259/v1
Foale, S., Seedat, S., & Heyns, T. (2025) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-025-05122-3
- Authors
- Abercrombie, P. D., Zamora, A., & Korn, A. P.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- Holistic Nursing Practice
- Published
- 2007-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 26-34
- ISSN
- 0887-9311 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2096738307
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Holistic Nursing Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based stress reduction, cervical cancer, low-income women, ethnic minority women, abnormal Pap smear, anxiety, self-compassion, program feasibility, participant attrition, recruitment and retention, Spanish-speaking women
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anxiety, Attitude to Health, California, Cultural Characteristics, Female, Health Promotion, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Middle Aged, Poverty, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Vaginal Smears, Focus Groups, Narration, White People, Papanicolaou Test
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