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Attachment and Psychosomatic Medicine: Developmental Contributions to Stress and Disease

Maunder, Robert G., Hunter, Jonathan J.·2001·Psychosomatic Medicine
DOI 10.1097/00006842-200107000-00006
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Abstract

Objective The object of this study was to evaluate the evidence linking attachment insecurity to illness. Attachment theory describes lifelong patterns of response to threat that are learned in the interaction between an infant and his or her primary caregiver. Despite its biopsychosocial domain, attachment theory has only recently been applied to psychosomatic medicine. Method MEDLINE and PsychInfo databases were searched from 1966 to 2000 for English language papers with key words "attachment" and "object relations." Papers and their cited references were reviewed if they were directly related to physical illness, symptoms, or physiology. A hypothetical causal model was developed. Results Direct and indirect evidence from survey studies supports an association between attachment insecurity and disease. Animal studies and human experiments suggest that attachment contributes to individual differences in physiological stress response. There is also less robust support for insecure attachment leading to symptom reporting and to more frequent health risk behaviors, especially substance use and treatment nonadherence. Evidence supports the prediction from attachment theory that the benefits of social support derive more from attachment relationships than nonattachment relationships. Conclusions Although the available data are suggestive rather than conclusive, the data can be organized into a model that describe attachment insecurity leading to disease risk through three mechani…

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Metadata

Authors
Maunder, R. G., & Hunter, J. J.
Venue
Psychosomatic Medicine
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2001-07
Volume
63
Issue
4
Pages
556-567
ISSN
0033-3174
DOI
10.1097/00006842-200107000-00006
Cited by
381
References
10
Language
en

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