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Adult Attachment in a Nationally Representative Sample

Mickelson, Kristin D., Kessler, Ronald C., Shaver, Phillip R.·1997·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.73.5.1092
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Abstract

The explosion of adult attachment research in the last decade has been limited by its reliance on college student and distressed samples. Using a large nationally representative sample of American adults, the authors examined the relation of sociodemographics, childhood adversity, parental representations, adult psychopathology, and personality traits to adult attachment in an effort to replicate previous findings and extend the theory. Distribution of adult attachment styles was similar to that in prior studies: 59% secure, 25% avoidant, and 11% anxious. Adult attachment was associated with several sociodemographic variables (e.g., income, age, race) not previously studied. Childhood adversities of an interpersonal nature were strongly related to insecure adult attachment. Various types of adult psychopathologies and personality traits were also strongly related to adult attachment. Implications for adult attachment theory and future research are discussed.

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  • Population studies consistently find secure attachment as the most prevalent style (50-60%), followed by avoidant (23-25%), anxious (11-19%), and a smaller ambivalent minority.

    “Population studies consistently find secure attachment as the most prevalent style (50-60 %), followed by avoidant (23-25 %), anxious (11-19 %), and a smaller ambivalent minority (Bakermans-Kranenburg & van Ijzendoorn 2009;Mickelson et al. 1997).”

    From Not a Silver Bullet for Loneliness: How Attachment and Age Shape Intimacy with AI Companions (2026) · cites this paper as Mickelson et al. 1997

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Metadata

Authors
Mickelson, K. D., Kessler, R. C., & Shaver, P. R.
Venue
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
1997-11
Volume
73
Issue
5
Pages
1092-1106
ISSN
  • 1939-1315
  • 0022-3514
DOI
10.1037/0022-3514.73.5.1092
Cited by
588
References
0
Language
en

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