Cited by 1,799Diabetes Management and EducationDiabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

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Association of Depression and Diabetes Complications: A Meta-Analysis

de Groot, Mary, Anderson, Ryan, Freedland, Kenneth E., Clouse, Ray E., Lustman, Patrick J.·2001·Psychosomatic Medicine

DOI 10.1097/00006842-200107000-00015

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the strength and consistency of the relationship between depression and diabetes complications in studies of type 1 and type 2 adult patients with diabetes. METHOD: MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases were searched for articles examining depression and diabetes complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes samples published between 1975 and 1999. Meta-analytic procedures were used. Studies were reviewed for diabetes type, sample size, statistical tests, and measures of diabetes complications and depression. Significance values, weighted effect sizes r, 95% confidence intervals (CI), and tests of homogeneity of variance were calculated for the overall sample (k = 27) and for subsets of interest. RESULTS: A total of 27 studies (total combined N = 5374) met the inclusion criteria. A significant association was found between depression and complications of diabetes (p < .00001, z = 5.94). A moderate and significant weighted effect size (r = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.22-0.28) was calculated for all studies reporting sufficient data (k = 22). Depression was significantly associated with a variety of diabetes complications (diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, macrovascular complications, and sexual dysfunction). Effect sizes were in the small to moderate range (r = 0.17 to 0.32). CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate a significant and consistent association of diabetes complications and depressive symptoms. Prospective, longitudinal studies are needed to identify the pathways that mediate this association.

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Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Attending the Diabetic Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Sri Lanka: A Descriptive Study
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“[5] de Groot et al.[30] reviewed 27 studies and demonstrated a significant and consistent association of diabetes complications and depressive symptoms in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 DM.”
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Psychological Issues in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes
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“Meta-analyses of depression’s relationship to hyperglycemia (Lustman, Anderson, et al., 2000), diabetes complications (de Groot et al., 2001), and diabetes treatment nonadherence (Gonzalez, Peyrot, et al., 2008) suggest that while the relationships between depression and these important diabetes…”
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Effects of a 6-days-a-week low protein diet regimen on depressive symptoms in young-old type 2 diabetic patients
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Sintomas depressivos e qualidade de vida em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 com polineuropatia distal diabética
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BackgroundInfluential
Evidence for the involvement of neuropeptide Y in the antidepressant effect of imipramine in type 2 diabetes
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Diabetes mellitus und Depression - eine lebensbedrohliche Interaktion/ Diabetes and depression – a life-endangering interaction
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Cross‐cultural comparisons of anxiety and depression in adults with type 1 diabetes
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Authors: de Groot, M., Anderson, R., Freedland, K. E., Clouse, R. E., & Lustman, P. J.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Freedland, Kenneth E.
Lustman, Patrick J.
Venue: Psychosomatic Medicine
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2001-07
Volume: 63
Issue: 4
Pages: 619-630
ISSN: 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00006842-200107000-00015
OpenAlex: W2080312294
Cited by: 1,799
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 119 · 2015: 107 · 2014: 122 · 2013: 98 · 2012: 111
FWCI: 3.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01dk053060-05)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007456, 5 T32 HL07456-18)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-36452, DK53060, R01DK036452)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: depression, diabetes complications, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, macrovascular complications, sexual dysfunction, depressive symptoms
MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Angiopathies, Diabetic Nephropathies, Diabetic Neuropathies, Diabetic Retinopathy, Humans, Risk Factors, Sick Role, Comorbidity

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Association of Depression and Diabetes Complications: A Meta-Analysis

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