Body mass index and magnetic resonance markers of brain integrity in adults
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Obesity and being overweight during adulthood have been consistently linked to increased risk for development of dementia later in life, especially Alzheimer's disease. They have also been associated with cognitive dysfunction and brain structural alterations in otherwise healthy adults. Although proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy may distinguish between neuronal and glial components of the brain and may point to neurobiological mechanisms underlying brain atrophy and cognitive changes, no spectroscopic studies have yet assessed the relationships between adiposity and brain metabolites. Methods: We have utilized magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging data from 50 healthy middle‐aged participants (mean age, 41.7 ± 8.5 years; 17 women), who were scanned as control subjects for another study. Results: After adjustment for age and sex, greater body mass indices (BMIs) correlated with: (1) lower concentrations of N‐acetylaspartate (spectroscopic marker of neuronal viability) in frontal (p = 0.001), parietal (p = 0.006), and temporal (p = 0.008) white matter; (2) lower N‐acetylaspartate in frontal gray matter (p = 0.01); and (3) lower concentrations of choline‐containing metabolites (associated with membrane metabolism) in frontal white matter (p = 0.05). Interpretation: These results suggest that increased BMI at midlife is associated with neuronal and/or myelin abnormalities, primarily in the frontal lobe. Because white matter in the frontal lobes is more prone to the effects of aging than in other lobes, our results may reflect accelerated aging in individuals with high levels of adiposity. Thus, greater BMI may increase the odds of developing an age‐related disease, such as Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 2008
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A nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study in healthy middle-aged and elderly controls showed BMI negatively associated with N-acetyl-aspartate levels in frontal cortex and ACC.
“Similarly, a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study in healthy middle age and elderly controls showed that BMI was negatively associated with the levels of N-acetyl-aspartate (a marker of neuronal integrity) in frontal cortex and ACC (98,127).”
From Obesity and addiction: Neurobiological overlaps (2013) · cites this paper as [127]
An NMR spectroscopic study of healthy middle age and elderly controls showed that BMI was negatively associated with the levels of N-acetyl-aspartate, a marker of neuronal integrity, in frontal cortex and ACC.
“Similarly, an NMR spectroscopic study of healthy middle age and elderly controls showed that BMI was negatively associated with the levels of N-acetyl-aspartate (a marker of neuronal integrity) in frontal cortex and ACC (Gazdzinski et al 2008;Volkow et al 2009c).”
From Food and Drug Reward: Overlapping Circuits in Human Obesity and Addiction (2011) · cites this paper as Gazdzinski et al 2008
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- Authors
- Gazdzinski, S., Kornak, J., Weiner, M. W., & Meyerhoff, D. J.
- Affiliations
- San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gazdzinski, Stefan
- Venue
- Annals of Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-05
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 652-657
- ISSN
- 0364-5134 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-8249
- PMC
- PMC2542059
- OpenAlex
- W1995987678
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 13.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Annals of Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (P01AA011493, R01AA010788)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- body mass index, obesity, adiposity, brain metabolites, N-acetylaspartate, choline-containing compounds, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, white matter, gray matter, frontal lobe, brain aging, Alzheimer's disease, dementia risk, myelin abnormalities, middle-aged adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aspartic Acid, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Myelin Sheath, Statistics as Topic, Biomarkers, Body Mass Index
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