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Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy for Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Children and Adolescents: An Evidence-Based Medicine Review
Abstract
Objective To review the literature on the cognitive-behavioral treatment of children and adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders within the conceptual framework of evidence-based medicine.Method The psychiatric and psychological literature was systematically searched for controlled trials applying cognitive-behavioral treatment to pediatric anxiety and depressive disorders.Results For both anxiety and depression, substantial evidence supports the efficacy of problem-specific cognitive-behavioral interventions. Comparisons with wait-list, inactive control, and active control conditions suggest medium to large effects for symptom reduction in primary outcome domains.Conclusions From an evidence-based perspective, cognitive-behavioral therapy is currently the treatment of choice for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents. Future research in this area will need to focus on comparing cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy with other treatments, component analyses, and the application of exportable protocol-driven treatments to divergent settings and patient populations.
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“Reviews of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adolescent depression have shown that it is effective and currently one of the main treatment options recommended in adolescents.2 8”
From Computerised cognitive behaviour therapy for depression in adolescents: Study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“A literature review examining CBT for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents8 found that 9 of 12 substantive studies reviewed had between 15–30 recruits in each arm.”
From Computerised cognitive behaviour therapy for depression in adolescents: Study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“and can be regarded as first-line treatment in children and adolescents [17]”
From Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of guided Internet- and mobile-based CBT for adolescents and young adults with chronic somatic conditions and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms (youthCOACHCD): study protocol for a multicentre randomized controlled trial (2020) · cites this paper as [17]
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Metadata
- Authors
- COMPTON, S. N., MARCH, J. S., BRENT, D., ALBANO, A. M., WEERSING, V. R., & CURRY, J.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- COMPTON, SCOTT N.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-08
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 930-959
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2087838750
- Cited by
- 616
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 7.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, childhood anxiety disorders, childhood depression, children and adolescents, treatment efficacy, evidence-based medicine, waitlist control, active control, symptom relief
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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