An evidence based review of acute and long-term effects of cannabis use on executive cognitive functions
Open accessAbstract
Cannabis use has been shown to impair cognitive functions on a number of levels-from basic motor coordination to more complex executive function tasks, such as the ability to plan, organize, solve problems, make decisions, remember, and control emotions and behavior. These deficits differ in severity depending on the quantity, recency, age of onset and duration of marijuana use. Understanding how cannabis use impairs executive function is important. Individuals with cannabis-related impairment in executive functions have been found to have trouble learning and applying the skills required for successful recovery, putting them at increased risk for relapse to cannabis use. Here we review the research on the acute, residual, and long-term effects of cannabis use on executive functions, and discuss the implications for treatment.
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Cognitive deficits have been described in animals chronically exposed to drugs of abuse, indicating these impairments may be due to chronic drug use.
“Similarly to humans, cognitive deficits have been described in animals chronically exposed to drugs of abuse (Crean et al., 2011; Porter et al., 2011) indicating that these impairments may be due to chronic drug use.”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as Crean et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Crean, R. D., Crane, N. A., & Mason, B. J.
- Affiliations
- Scripps Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mason, Barbara J.
- ORCID
- Crane, Natania A.
- Venue
- Journal of Addiction Medicine
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-8
- ISSN
- 1932-0620 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3037578
- OpenAlex
- W2126918303
- Cited by
- 732
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 3.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Addiction Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (P20DA024194)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- cannabis use, cannabis, executive function, cognitive impairment, acute effects, long-term effects, relapse, addiction treatment, age of onset, duration of use, problem solving, decision-making
- MeSH terms
- Marijuana Abuse, Cognition Disorders, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Marijuana Smoking, Dronabinol, Age of Onset, Evidence-Based Medicine, Executive Function
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