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High-carbohydrate High-fat Diet–induced Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Remodeling in Rats

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Panchal, Sunil K, Poudyal, Hemant, Iyer, Abishek, Nazer, Reeza, Alam, Ashraful, Diwan, Vishal, Kauter, Kathleen, Sernia, Conrad, Campbell, Fiona, Ward, Leigh, Gobe, Glenda, Fenning, Andrew, Brown, Lindsay·2011·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
DOI 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181feb90a
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Abstract

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome including central obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia is increasing. Development of adequate therapy for metabolic syndrome requires an animal model that mimics the human disease state. Therefore, we have characterized the metabolic, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, and pancreatic changes in male Wistar rats (8-9 weeks old) fed on a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet including condensed milk (39.5%), beef tallow (20%), and fructose (17.5%) together with 25% fructose in drinking water; control rats were fed a cornstarch diet. During 16 weeks on this diet, rats showed progressive increases in body weight, energy intake, abdominal fat deposition, and abdominal circumference along with impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and increased plasma leptin and malondialdehyde concentrations. Cardiovascular signs included increased systolic blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction together with inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy, increased stiffness, and delayed repolarization in the left ventricle of the heart. The liver showed increased wet weight, fat deposition, inflammation, and fibrosis with increased plasma activity of liver enzymes. The kidneys showed inflammation and fibrosis, whereas the pancreas showed increased islet size. In comparison with other models of diabetes and obesity, this diet-induced model more closely mimics the changes observed in human metabolic syndrome.

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Cited by

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Metadata

Authors
Panchal, S. K., Poudyal, H., Iyer, A., Nazer, R., Alam, A., Diwan, V., Kauter, K., Sernia, C., Campbell, F., Ward, L., Gobe, G., Fenning, A., & Brown, L.
Venue
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2011-01
Volume
57
Issue
1
Pages
51-64
ISSN
0160-2446 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181feb90a
OpenAlex
W2006702634
Cited by
458
References
7
FWCI
12.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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