Two-year outcome of vagus nerve stimulation in treatment-resistant depression
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One of the major goals of antidepressant treatment is a sustained response and remission of depressive symptoms. Some of the previous studies of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) have suggested antidepressant effects. Our naturalistic study assessed the efficacy and the safety of VNS in 74 European patients with therapy-resistant major depressive disorder. Psychometric measures were obtained after 3, 12, and 24 months of VNS. Mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed a significant reduction (P < or = 0.05) at all the 3 time points in the 28-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD28) score, the primary outcome measure. After 2 years, 53.1% (26/49) of the patients fulfilled the response criteria (> or =50% reduction in the HRSD28 scores from baseline) and 38.9% (19/49) fulfilled the remission criteria (HRSD28 scores < or = 10). The proportion of patients who fulfilled the remission criteria remained constant as the duration of VNS treatment increased. Voice alteration, cough, and pain were the most frequently reported adverse effects. Two patients committed suicide during the study; no other deaths were reported. No statistically significant differences were seen in the number of concomitant antidepressant medications. The results of this 2-year open-label trial suggest a clinical response and a comparatively benign adverse effect profile among patients with treatment-resistant depression.
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The generator delivers intermittent electrical impulses through the vagus nerve to the brain.
“The generator delivers intermittent electrical impulses through the vagus nerve to the brain (74).”
From Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain–Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders (2018) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Authors
- Bajbouj, M., Merkl, A., Schlaepfer, T. E., Frick, C., Zobel, A., Maier, W., O'Keane, V., Corcoran, C., Adolfsson, R., Trimble, M., Rau, H., Hoff, H.-J., Padberg, F., Müller-Siecheneder, F., Audenaert, K., van den Abbeele, D., Matthews, K., Christmas, D., Eljamel, S., & Heuser, I.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital of Umeå (SE)
- University of Dundee (GB)
- University Hospital Bonn (DE)
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- University Hospital of Bern (CH)
- Ghent University Hospital (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Bajbouj, Malek
- Merkl, Angela
- Adolfsson, Rolf
- Heuser, Isabella
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 273-281
- ISSN
- 0271-0749 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1987908185
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 8.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- biblio.ugent.be
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- vagus nerve stimulation, treatment-resistant depression, major depressive disorder, long-term efficacy, remission, antidepressant response, adverse effects, voice change, suicide
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Electric Stimulation Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Treatment Outcome, Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Young Adult
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