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Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin
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In Brief Reprinted with permission by the Oncology Nursing Society from Site Specific Cancer Series: Skin Cancer.
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“mice have a distinct density of hair follicles and eccrine glands, a layer of striated muscle found beneath the hypodermis, a lack of melanocytes in the interfollicular epidermis (IFE), and absence of rete ridges.”
From Single-cell transcriptomics of human-skin-equivalent organoids (2023) · cites this paper as [1]
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“Specimens are superimposed onto a map of the Langer lines to indicate their orientation with respect to the lines (Langer 1861).”
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“0 m2 and accounts for 15% of the total body mass of an adult person [11].”
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“This layer is usually 3 to 4 cells thick and is composed of polygonal cells with preformed keratin.(2) The desmosomal attachments between the cells appear as small spines, giving rise to the name stratum spinosum.”
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“17 The epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are the primary layers of the skin, each with a speci fi c fundamental structure [Figure 1].”
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“The skin is the largest organ in the human body; sensation, regulation, and protection are among its most critical functions [27].”
The Role of Calcium in Wound Healing
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“As the first protective barrier of the human body, skin is subjected to various environmental insults from time to time [10,11].”
BackgroundYu, J. R., Navarro, J., Coburn, J., Mahadik, B. P., Molnar, J. A., Holmes, J. H., Nam, A. J., & Fisher, J. P. (2019) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201801471 · Cited by 233
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“The excellent mechanical properties and elasticity of the skin are primarily attributed to the presence of ECM components, such as collagen and elastin, in the dermis [26,30].”
BackgroundChallenges and Opportunities for the Subcutaneous Delivery of Therapeutic Proteins
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Anatomy and Function of the Skin
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BackgroundNosrati, H., Khodaei, M., Alizadeh, Z., & Banitalebi-Dehkordi, M. (2021) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.013 · Cited by 155
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BackgroundGeneration and characterization of hair-bearing skin organoids from human pluripotent stem cells
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“At the level of the dermis, there is a rich network of nerves, blood and lymphatic vessels [4,6,12,13], as well as other types of cells such as human At the level of the dermis, there is a rich network of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels [4,6,12,13], as well as other types of cells such…”
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“stratum lucidum (only visible in thick skin), and stratum corneum [2,3].”
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InfluentialHuman skin long noncoding RNA WAKMAR1 regulates wound healing by enhancing keratinocyte migration
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“The skin is the largest organ in the human body and the most external-facing organ, in direct contact with the external environment [31].”
BackgroundDelivery of antibacterial agents for wound healing applications using polysaccharide-based scaffolds
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“The outer layer of the skin is formed by the epidermis, which is underlaid by the dermis[4].”
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Chitosan-Based Hydrogel in the Management of Dermal Infections: A Review
Mohite, P. B., Rahayu, P., Munde, S. V., Ade, N., Chidrawar, V. R., Singh, S. K., Jayeoye, T. J., Prajapati, B. G., Bhattacharya, S., & Patel, R. J. (2023) · Gels · doi:10.3390/gels9070594 · Cited by 68
“In summary, the skin’s anatomy, with its distinct layers, works harmoniously to provide a robust fi rst line of This unique system protects the body from external threats, preserving its integrity and well-being [23].”
Recent use of medical infrared thermography in skin neoplasms
Magalhaes, C. A., Vardasca, R., & Mendes, J. G. (2018) · Skin Research and Technology · doi:10.1111/srt.12469 · Cited by 70
Modulatory role of vitamins A, B3, C, D, and E on skin health, immunity, microbiome, and diseases
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“…during injuries), sensation (through mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, and nociceptors), thermoregulation (regulating body temperature of using insulation and sweating), synthesis of vitamin D, hormones and neurotransmitters, and excretion of water, uric acid, and ammonia [1–3].”
3D-Printed Microarray Patches for Transdermal Applications
Rajesh, N. U., Coates, I. A., Driskill, M. M., Dulay, M. T., Hsiao, K., Ilyin, D. V., Jacobson, G. B., Kwak, J. W., Lawrence, M., Perry, J. L., et al. (2022) · JACS Au · doi:10.1021/jacsau.2c00432 · Cited by 66
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Wearable multi-sensory haptic devices
Fleck, J. J., Zook, Z. A., Clark, J. P., Preston, D. J., Lipomi, D. J., Pacchierotti, C., & O’Malley, M. K. (2025) · Nature Reviews Bioengineering · doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00274-w · Cited by 73
“When first introduced in the 1960s 5,6 , haptic devices relied on rigid, grounded mechanisms to produce the forces felt by the user, typically via a handheld probe or through exoskeleton structures.”
Lessons From Epithelialization: The Reason Behind Moist Wound Environment
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“It hosts most of the sensory receptors responding to tactile and kinesthetic feedbacks that compose touch [44].”
Application of 3D Bioprinting Technologies to the Management and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
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“The skin and its appendages, including hair follicles, eccrine and sebaceous glands, form the integumentary system, involved in immune surveillance, thermoregulation, protection from ultraviolet light and vitamin D synthesis [21–23].”
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“UV-A also causes unfavorable adverse impacts like skin carcinomas, photo aging, immunosuppression, and ocular damage (Kolarsick et al. 2011).”
BackgroundMetamaterial-based wearable flexible elliptical UWB antenna for WBAN and breast imaging applications
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A Meta-theoretical framework for theory building in project management
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Computational Biophysics of the Skin
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“Keratinocytes, which constitute 95% of the epidermis (Kolarsick et al., 2011), play critical roles in skin wound healing.”
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“This is crucial to the effectiveness of vibrotactile feedback and can have a huge effect on the haptic perception, as the amount of mechanoreceptors and the thickness of the human skin varies across the body [26].”
Background3D biofabrication of diseased human skin models in vitro
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“Its main cell type is fibroblasts, which produce collagen fibers and elastin that are aligned parallel to the skin surface [2, 6].”
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A Hyperelastic Finite-Element Model of Human Skin for Interactive Real-Time Surgical Simulation
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Advancements in 3D skin bioprinting: processes, bioinks, applications and sensor integration
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“Superficial corneocytes are continuously shed off and replaced by corneocytes from deeper layers, facilitated by desmosomal degradation towards the surface [39].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Kolarsick, P. A. J., Kolarsick, M. A., & Goodwin, C.
- Affiliations
- Oncology Nursing Society (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the Dermatology Nurses' Association
- Published
- 2011-07
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 203-213
- ISSN
- 1945-760X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2332656743
- Cited by
- 578
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 84 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Keywords
- skin anatomy, skin physiology, skin cancer, dermatology nursing
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