Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Reavell, James; Hopkinson, Michael; Clarkesmith, Danielle; Lane, Deirdre A.

doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000626

Cited by 189Cardiac Health and Mental HealthAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychological Treatments and Assessments

Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Reavell, James, Hopkinson, Michael, Clarkesmith, Danielle, Lane, Deirdre A.·2018·Psychosomatic Medicine

DOI 10.1097/psy.0000000000000626

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and influence their mental well-being and CVD prognosis. The primary objective was to assess the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression and anxiety in patients with CVD. Secondary objectives were to assess the impact of CBT on cardiovascular mortality, cardiovascular events, patient satisfaction, and quality of life. METHODS: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and alternative sources were searched for randomized controlled trials and observational studies with a control. Studies were required to assess CBT in coronary heart disease, acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, or postmyocardial infarction patients, with anxiety and/or depression. Studies were independently screened by two reviewers and critically appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The random-effects model was used to pool standardized mean differences (SMD). RESULTS: Twelve randomized controlled trials were included. At follow-up, depression (SMD = -0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.52 to -0.17, p < .001, I = 59%) and anxiety (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI = -0.65 to -0.03, p = .03, I = 71%) scores were significantly lower in CBT patients compared with controls. Change in mental health quality of life (SF-12) was also significantly greater for CBT patients, compared with controls (mean difference = 3.62, 95% CI = 0.22 to 7.02, p = .04, I = 0%). No differences in patient satisfaction or cardiovascular events were evident between CBT and control groups. Among the study reports included in this meta-analysis, data specific to cardiovascular mortality were not reported. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive behavioral therapy seems to be an effective treatment for reducing depression and anxiety in patients with CVD and should be considered in standard clinical care.

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Psychological treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with physical illnesses has small to moderate efficacy.
“Psychological treatment of anxiety and depression has small to moderate efficacy in this group and is not commonly based on a model of causal mechanisms.”
From Metacognitive beliefs and their relationship with anxiety and depression in physical illnesses: A systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
In patients with cardiovascular disease, CBT significantly decreases symptoms, with small effect sizes for depression (Cohen's d = 0.35) and anxiety (Cohen's d = 0.34).
“Whilst CBT significantly decreased symptoms, the effect sizes were small for depression (Cohen’s d = 0.35) and anxiety (Cohen’s d = 0.34) [18].”
From Metacognitive beliefs and their relationship with anxiety and depression in physical illnesses: A systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [18]

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Effectiveness of collaborative care for depression and HbA1c in patients with depression and diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Wang, Y., Hu, M., Zhu, D., Ding, R., & He, P. (2022) · International Journal of Integrated Care · doi:10.5334/ijic.6443 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Prevalence of depression and its association with health-related quality of life in people with heart failure in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Mulugeta, H., Sinclair, P. M., & Wilson, A. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283146 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“People with heart failure have many debilitating symptoms such as depression and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared to the general population due to the unpredictable nature of the disease [11, 12].”
Background
"I Kind of Bounce off It":Translating Mental Health Principles into Real Life Through Story-Based Text Messages
Bhattacharjee, A., Williams, J. J., Chou, K., Tomlinson, J., Meyerhoff, J., Mariakakis, A. T., & Kornfield, R. (2022) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3555123 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Managing Ischemic Heart Disease in Women: Role of a Women’s Heart Center
Khandelwal, A., Bakir, M., Bezaire, M., Costello, B. T., Gomez, J. M. D., Hoover, V. J., Nazir, N. T., Nichols, K. M., Reisenberg, A., Rao, A., et al. (2021) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-021-00956-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Assessment and Disruption of Ruminative Episodes to Enhance Mobile Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions in Clinical Depression: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Wang, L., & Miller, L. C. (2022) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/37270 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Patients in CBT interventions learn ways to monitor and improve their psychological symptoms through a series of tasks such as learning how to use diaries, emotion regulation techniques, and mindfulness tools [9].”
Background
Internet-Delivered Exposure-Based Therapy for Symptom Preoccupation in Atrial Fibrillation: Uncontrolled Pilot Trial
Särnholm, J., Skúladóttir, H., Rück, C., Klavebäck, S., Ólafsdóttir, E., Pedersen, S. S., Braunschweig, F., & Ljótsson, B. (2021) · JMIR Cardio · doi:10.2196/24524 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“Our results also converge with the results of face-to-face and internet-CBT for patients with cardiovascular disease with anxiety and depression reported in a recent meta-analysis [25] and two recent RCTs [48,49].”
Influence of psychological nursing and health education on depression, anxiety and life quality of elderly patients with lung cancer
Sun, Y., Wang, X., Li, N., & Bian, J. (2021) · Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1111/psyg.12700 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The effect of a nurse‐led intervention program on compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and psychological distress in nurses: A randomized controlled trial
Günüşen, N. P., İnan, F. Ş., Üstün, B., Serttaş, M., Sayın, S., & Toksoy, S. (2021) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12965 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
From psychosomatic medicine, brain–computer interface to brain–apparatus communication
Yao, D., Qin, Y. F., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Brain-Apparatus Communication A Journal of Bacomics · doi:10.1080/27706710.2022.2120775 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Cognitive leisure activity and all-cause mortality in older adults: a 4-year community-based cohort
Liu, X., Ruan, Y., Huang, L., Guo, Y., Sun, S., Chen, H., Gao, J., Shi, Y., & Xiao, Q. (2021) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02180-3 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Feasibility and acceptability of a CF-specific cognitive-behavioral preventive intervention for adults integrated into team-based care
Friedman, D., Smith, B. A., Bruce, A., Schwartz, C. E., Lee, H., Pinsky, H., Gootkind, E., Hardcastle, M., Shea, N., Roach, C. M., et al. (2022) · Pediatric Pulmonology · doi:10.1002/ppul.26101 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Effects of Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy adapted for patients with cardiovascular disease and depression: a long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial at 6 and 12 months posttreatment
Westas, M., Lundgren, J., Andersson, G., Mourad, G., & Johansson, P. (2022) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvab131 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Statement of the Spanish Interdisciplinary Vascular Prevention Committee on the updated European Cardiovascular Prevention Guidelines
Armario, P., Brotons, C., Elosúa, R., de Leciñana, M. A., Castro, A., Clarà, A. B. I., Cortés, O., Rodríguez, Á. D., Herranz, M., Justo, S., et al. (2021) · Clínica e Investigación en Arteriosclerosis (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.artere.2021.02.001 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The effects of rational emotive behavior therapy for depressive symptoms in adults with congenital heart disease
Moon, J. R., Huh, J., Song, J., Kang, I., Park, S. W., Chang, S., Yang, J., Jun, T.-G., & Han, J.-S. (2021) · Heart & Lung · doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2021.07.011 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
The Role of the Clinical Psychologist in the Care of Adults With Cardiovascular Disease
Smolderen, K. G. E., Gillaspy, S. R., Evers, A. W. M., Kovacs, A. H., Massa-Carroll, I., Moons, P., & Mena‐Hurtado, C. (2024) · JACC Advances · doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.100910 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, illness perception, and in atrial fibrillation patients: a six-month longitudinal study
Minjie, Z., Zhijuan, X., Xinxin, S., Bai, X., & Qu, S. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01457-z · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“It’s important to note that [45], which is inconsistent with our results.”
Result
Acute Coronary Syndromes in Premenopausal Women: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Kovacic, J. C., Reynolds, H. R., Alasnag, M. A., Blakeman, J. R., Ijioma, N., Kim, E. S. H., Sandner, S. E., Sanghavi, M., Saw, J., & Tamis‐Holland, J. E. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001416 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta-analysis
Tang, R., Yang, J., Yu, Y., & Fang, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.796594 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“CBT has been successful in the treatment of various illnesses including obesity, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, insomnia, and other chronic disorders (Grilo et al., 2011; Reavell et al., 2018; Zweerde et al., 2019).”
Background
Efficacy of Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Reducing Depression among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs
Nuraeni, A., Suryani, S., Yanny Trisyani, W., & Sofiatin, Y. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11070943 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Moreover, if studies conveyed multiple depression scores from different scales, the most common scale used by other eligible studies was elected [25].”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Psychological Health and Ischemic Heart Disease in Women: A Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Considerations across the Healthspan
Gaffey, A. E., & Spatz, E. S. (2024) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-023-01185-0 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“CBT is an empirically validated psychotherapy that is efficacious for targeting depression, anxiety, and PTSD in women and men [105–108].”
Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine
Smith, T. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316995808.027 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Psychotherapy for comorbid depression and somatic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Miguel, C., Karyotaki, E., Čihařová, M., Cristea, I. A., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291721004414 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Establishing the feasibility of group metacognitive therapy for anxiety and depression in cardiac rehabilitation: a single-blind randomized pilot study.
Wells, A., Reeves, D., Heal, C., Fisher, P., Davies, L., Heagerty, A., Doherty, P., & Capobianco, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00582 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Intervention in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Sadlonova, M., Kermani, M. B., Huffman, J. C., Nikrahan, G. R., Sadeghi, M., & Celano, C. M. (2022) · Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaclp.2022.03.004 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Trajectories and associations between depression and physical activity in patients with cardiovascular disease during participation in an internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy programme
Johansson, P., Svensson, E., Andersson, G., & Lundgren, J. (2020) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1177/1474515120947250 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“scored between ‘none of the days’ (0) to ‘often, 5–7 days’ (3).”
Psychological eHealth Interventions for Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Su, J. J., Lin, R. S. Y., Baťalík, L., Wong, A. K. C., & Grace, S. L. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/57368 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“However, considering a previous review focusing on face-to-face CBT that showed comprehensive and significant improvements in depression as well as anxiety and HRQoL among patients with CVDs [52], patient concerns or diagnoses and preferences must be considered.”
Incidence and impacts of post-cardiac event mental health problems
Murphy, B. M., Higgins, R. O., & Jackson, A. C. (2023) · Australian Journal of General Practice · doi:10.31128/ajgp-05-23-6828 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The psychological, social, and quality of life outcomes of people with a cardiac implantable electronic device: an umbrella review
Nicmanis, M., Chur‐Hansen, A., & Oxlad, M. (2023) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvad133 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Atrial fibrillation
Brundel, B. J. J. M., Ai, X., Hills, M. T., Kuipers, M. F., Lip, G. Y. H., & de Groot, N. M. S. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.17 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Comparison of the Effect of Instrumental Music and Holy Quran Recitation on the Anxiety of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: Semi-Experimental Study
Mohammadpoor, M., Davoodvand, S., Hasheminia, S. A., Khaledifar, A., Sedehi, M., & Kazemi, S. Y. (2020) · Medical - Surgical Nursing Journal · doi:10.5812/msnj.103936 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Postoperative depression in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) – a review of the literature
Stanicki, P., Szarpak, J., Wieteska, M., Kaczyńska, A., & Milanowska, J. (2020) · Polish Journal of Surgery · doi:10.5604/01.3001.0014.3431 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Internet-based treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with ischaemic heart disease attending cardiac rehabilitation: a feasibility study (eMindYourHeart)
Helmark, C., Ahm, R., Andersen, C. M., Skovbakke, S. J., Kok, R., Wiil, U. K., Schmidt, T., Hjelmborg, J., Frostholm, L., Frydendal, D. H., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal - Digital Health · doi:10.1093/ehjdh/ztab037 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
An innovative approach to the assessment of mood disturbances in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Gostoli, S., Buzzichelli, S., Guidi, J., Sirri, L., Marzola, E., Roncuzzi, R., Daga, G. A., Fava, G. A., & Rafanelli, C. (2021) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852921000924 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The Effectiveness of Low-Intensity Psychological Interventions for Comorbid Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Long-Term Conditions: A Real-World Naturalistic Observational Study in IAPT Integrated Care
Lee, C. T., Harty, S., Adegoke, A., Palacios, J. E., Gillan, C. M., & Richards, D. (2023) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-023-10215-9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“…improvements in depression and anxiety exhibited by real-world LTC patients in the pre-sent study thus builds upon existing research where prior studies and trials have shown the effectiveness of CBT-based interventions for treating comorbid depression and anxiety across a variety of LTCs [36–39].”
Result
The Effect of Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Versus Psychoeducation Only on Psychological Distress in Patients With Noncardiac Chest Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial
Mourad, G., Eriksson‐Liebon, M., Karlström, P., & Johansson, P. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/31674 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“A systematic review and meta-analysis by Reavell et al [51] showed a significant reduction in anxiety in long CBT interventions but not in short-to medium-term interventions compared with controls.”
Background
Effectiveness of Interventions on Death Anxiety and Fear in Adults with Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Eren, M. G., Üçgül, K., & Sert, H. (2023) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.1177/00302228231167725 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“A literature review showed RCTs on the effects of CBT on physiological and psychological symptoms in patients receiving hemodialysis and those with numerous chronic diseases, such as HF, cancer, and MS (Menzies et al., 2018; Reavell et al., 2018).”
A tailored psychological intervention for anxiety and depression management in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: TANDEM RCT and process evaluation
Sohanpal, R., Pinnock, H., Steed, L., Heslop-Marshall, K., Kelly, M. J., Chan, C. L., Wileman, V., Barradell, A. C., Dibao-Dina, C., Gilabert, P. F., et al. (2023) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/pawa7221 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Comentario del CEIPV a la actualización de las Guías Europeas de Prevención Vascular en la Práctica Clínica
Armario, P., Brotons, C., Elosúa, R., de Leciñana, M. A., Castro, A., Clarà, A. B. I., Cortés, O., Rodríguez, Á. D., Herranz, M., Justo, S., et al. (2020) · Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular · doi:10.1016/j.hipert.2020.07.004 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Cardiac rehabilitation patients experiences and understanding of group metacognitive therapy: a qualitative study
McPhillips, R., Capobianco, L., Cooper, B. G., Husain, Z., & Adrian Wells, A. (2021) · Open Heart · doi:10.1136/openhrt-2021-001708 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“16 17 It is evident that more effective psychological interventions and higher-quality trials are needed.”
Depression in Patients with Heart Diseases: Gender Differences and Association of Comorbidities, Optimism, and Spiritual Struggle
Ai, A. L., & Carretta, H. J. (2020) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-020-09915-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Measuring the Cognitive Attentional Syndrome in Cardiac Patients With Anxiety and Depression Symptoms: Psychometric Properties of the CAS-1R
Faija, C., Reeves, D., Heal, C., Capobianco, L., Anderson, R., & Adrian Wells, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02109 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“A recent meta-analysis including 12 randomized controlled trials of CBT in cardiac patients showed small to moderate effects in improving anxiety (d = 0.34) and depression (d = 0.35) compared mainly to usual care (Reavell et al., 2018).”
ResultInfluential
Effects of Perinatal Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Delivery Mode, Fetal Outcome, and Postpartum Depression and Anxiety in Women
Guo, X., Guo, X., Wang, R., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine · doi:10.1155/2022/8304405 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“At present, cognitive behavioral therapy has been widely used in the treatment of psychological diseases [3, 4].”
Method
Validation of Two Screening Tools for Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients
Nadort, E., van Geenen, N. J. K., Schouten, R. W., Boeschoten, R. E., Shaw, P. C., Vleming, L. J., Schouten, M., Farhat, K., Dekker, F. W., van Oppen, P., et al. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12071077 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The effects of behavioral intervention on anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Xie, M., Yang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1297841 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Psychological interventions targeting mental health and stress among females with cardiac disease: a scoping review
Susinski, S., Bouchard, K., Stragapede, E., Dozois, S., Sterling, E., & Tulloch, H. E. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/cjpp-2023-0416 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Effectiveness of therapist-supported internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy interventions on depression, anxiety and quality of life among patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Kwek, S. Q., Yeo, T. M., Teo, J. Y. C., Seah, A. C. W., Kai Ning, J. P., & Wang, W. (2025) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvaf084 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The Influence of eHealth Stress Management Interventions on Psychological Health Parameters in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
El-Malahi, O., Mohajeri, D., Bäuerle, A., Mincu, R. I., Rammos, C., Jansen, C., Teufel, M., Rassaf, T., & Lortz, J. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/67118 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Our meta-analysis finding that internet-based CBT has no significant effect on the SF-12 Physical Health score is consistent with the findings of a previous meta-analysis that investigated the impact of CBT in patients with CVD [49].”
A systematic literature review of the effect of mind-body interventions on mental health among patients with atrial fibrillation
Augsburg, J. B., Dar, M. I., Wood, K., Rasmussen, T. B., & Risom, S. S. (2022) · Mental Health & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.mhp.2022.200245 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Cost-effectiveness of internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease and depressive symptoms: secondary analysis of an RCT
Mourad, G., Lundgren, J., Andersson, G., Husberg, M., & Johansson, P. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059939 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The experience of participating in an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy program among patients with cardiovascular disease and depression: a qualitative interview study
Westas, M., Mourad, G., Andersson, G., Neher, M., Lundgren, J., & Johansson, P. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-03939-7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Although a recognized method in the treatment of depression in cardiovascular patients [8, 9], CBT brings another challenge.”
Method
Comparison of SSS-CN and PHQ-15 in the evaluation of patients with suspected psychological disorders in cardiovascular medicine
Fu, Y. H. H., Lin, Q., Xiang, Q., Wen, X., & Liu, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1027253 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“This phenomenon has been found not only in Japanese hospitals but also in European ones (Suzuki et al., 2011; Celano et al., 2016; Matsuda et al., 2017; Aguirre-Camacho and Moreno-Jiménez, 2018; Norlund et al., 2018; Reavell et al., 2018).”
Background
An Integrated Perspective for Understanding the Psychosocial Impact of Acute Cardiovascular Events
Jackson, A. C., Rogerson, M. C., & Murphy, B. M. (2023) · Heart and Mind · doi:10.4103/hm.hm-d-23-00029 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Demoralization in acute coronary syndrome: Treatment and predictive factors associated with its persistence
Gostoli, S., Subach, R., Guolo, F., Buzzichelli, S., Daga, G. A., de Figueiredo, J. M., & Rafanelli, C. (2024) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100444 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Such a form of active control — unlike in previous trials that have used treatment as usual (Reavell et al., 2018) — allows discrimination of specific and nonspecific ingredients of the psychotherapeutic approach.”
Result
The effects of internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for depression in cardiovascular disease on symptoms of anxiety: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial.
Westas, M., Mourad, G., Andersson, G., Lundgren, J., & Johansson, P. (2024) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvad097 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“15 Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) could be one way to decrease anxiety in patients with CVD. 16 Access to CBT is limited due to a lack of therapists, leading to a large treatment-demand gap; i.e. many patients will not have access to CBT in spite of need.”
BackgroundInfluential
Network analysis of anxiety and depressive symptoms among patients with cardiovascular disease
Zhao, Q., Zhang, Y., Ji, L., & Pan, Z. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22269-3 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Previous studies have explored the influencing factors [25] and intervention strategies [26] of anxiety and depression in patients with CVD.”
Beyond the Heart: The Significance of Depression in Cardiac Surgery
Stenman, M., Jackson, V., Särnholm, J., Falk, A. S., Nielsen, S. J., & Sartipy, U. (2025) · European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1093/ejcts/ezaf277 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…intervention for improving psychological outcomes, such as depression and anxiety, in patients with CHD and other cardiovascular conditions 72,73 Additionally, CBT has been shown to have a positive impact on physical health outcomes, including enhanced cardiac function and reduced…”
Development of an internet-delivered program and platform for the treatment of depression and anxiety in patients with ischemic heart disease in eMindYourHeart
Schmidt, T., Kok, R., Andersen, C. M., Skovbakke, S. J., Ahm, R., Wiil, U. K., Frostholm, L., & Pedersen, S. S. (2021) · Informatics for Health and Social Care · doi:10.1080/17538157.2021.1878185 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“However, due to the heterogeneity of the different study results found in the meta-analysis on the effect of CBT on anxiety in patients with CVD, no clear conclusion can be made on CBT’s effect on anxiety.(15) Furthermore, the results of online cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) administered for IHD patients and como…”
Background
The heart & mind trial: intervention with cognitive–behavioural therapy in patients with cardiac disease and anxiety: randomised controlled trial protocol
Berg, S. K., Herning, M., Schjødt, I., Thorup, C. B., Juul, C., Svendsen, J. H., Jørgensen, M. B., Risom, S. S., Christensen, S. W., Thygesen, L. C., et al. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057085 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
A Single-Session Intervention Designed to Promote Resilience for Parents of Children with Disabilities
VanVoorhis, R. W., Miller, K. L., & Miller, S. M. (2023) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-023-02622-z · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“A cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) model guided development of session content as CBT has been shown to be robust and effective for treating a variety of psychological disorders including anxiety, stress, depression, phobias, and autism (Reavell et al., 2018).”
Background
Ischemic Heart Disease as an Important Risk Factor for Depression—A Case Report
Bondar, L. I., Osser, B., Osser, G., Mariș, M. A., Piroș, E. L., Almășan, R., & Popescu, M. I. (2024) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app14051969 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Psychological distress in patients with cardiovascular disease: time to do something about it?
Johansson, P., Andersson, G., Jaarsma, T., Lundgren, J., Westas, M., & Mourad, G. (2021) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvab007 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (2021) 20, 293–294 EDITORIAL doi:10.1093/eurjcn/zvab007 D ow nloaded from https://academ ic.oup.com /eurjcn/article/20/4/293/6220444 by guest on 01 Septem ber 2021 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .…”
BackgroundInfluential
Comparing Patient and Provider Experiences with Atrial Fibrillation to Highlight Gaps and Opportunities for Improving Care
Vest, B. M., Quigley, B. M., Lillvis, D. F., Horrigan-Maurer, C., Firth, R. S., Curtis, A. B., & Lackner, J. M. (2022) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-021-07303-5 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
MENTAL DISORDERS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: GUIDELINES OF THE BAIKAL PSYCHOSOMATIC ASSOCIATION AND THE SIBERIAN PSYCHOSOMATIC ASSOCIATION
Fi, B., Sumin, A. N., Garganeeva, N. P., Ларева, Н. В., Петрова, М. М., Петрунько, О. В., Попонина, Т. М., Repin, A. N., & Собенников, В. С. (2024) · Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.17802/2306-1278-2024-13-3s-222-253 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Was ist gesichert in der Therapie depressiver Komorbidität?
Albus, C., & Geiser, F. (2019) · Der Internist · doi:10.1007/s00108-019-00694-y · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Intensive group-based cognitive therapy in patients with cardiac disease and psychological distress—a randomized controlled trial protocol
Holdgaard, A., Eckhardt-Hansen, C., Lund, T., Lassen, C. F., Sibiliz, K. L., Høfsten, D., Prescott, E., & Rasmusen, H. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05405-3 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Psychological interventions for depression and anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure or atrial fibrillation
Ski, C. F., Taylor, R. S., McGuigan, K., Lambert, J. D., Richards, S. H., & Thompson, D. R. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013508 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“…prevention guidelines internationally (e.g. BACPR 2017; NICE 2018; Piepoli 2016), although there is a move toward different sorts of targeting of psychological interventions, for example, mood states (Reavell 2018), and adherence to lifestyle change (Khanji 2018), and medicines (Bosworth 2018).”
Background
Early Active Mobilization of Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the ICU: A Qualitative Study on Patient Experience
Han, X., Wang, Q., Wang, H., Jia, D., Cheng, J., Wang, R., Zhang, C., Kong, J., & Zhang, Z. (2025) · INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing · doi:10.1177/00469580251344165 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

A meta-analysis of clinical efficacy and quality of life of cognitive-behavioral therapy in acute coronary syndrome patients with anxiety and depression
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THE EFFECT OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY IN REDUCING ANXIETY IN HEART DISEASE PATIENTS
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Authors: Reavell, J., Hopkinson, M., Clarkesmith, D., & Lane, D. A.
Affiliations: Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust (GB)
Corresponding author: Lane, Deirdre A.
ORCID: Clarkesmith, Danielle
Lane, Deirdre A.
Venue: Psychosomatic Medicine
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2018-10
Volume: 80
Issue: 8
Pages: 742-753
ISSN: 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
1534-7796
DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000626
OpenAlex: W2883745162
Cited by: 189
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 12 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 3.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
vbn.aau.dk
Licence: other-oa
Locations: Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Bristol-Myers Squibb
Pfizer
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
Keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy, depression, anxiety, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, post-myocardial infarction, quality of life, cardiovascular mortality, cardiovascular events, patient satisfaction
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders, Cardiovascular Diseases, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Comorbidity, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Outcome Assessment, Health Care

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Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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