Alarming incidence of hepatitis C virus re-infection after treatment of sexually acquired acute hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected MSM.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recent data indicate that seroprevalence of sexually transmitted hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among MSM is stabilizing in Amsterdam. However, little is known about the incidence of HCV re-infection in MSM who have cleared their HCV infection. We, therefore, studied the incidence of re-infection in HIV-infected MSM who were HCV RNA-negative following HCV treatment of acute primary infection. METHODS: Our study population comprised HIV-infected MSM at two large HIV outpatient clinics in Amsterdam, who were previously diagnosed with a sexually transmitted acute HCV infection and tested HCV RNA-negative at the end of treatment. We defined HCV re-infection as detectable HCV RNA in individuals with an undetectable HCV RNA at the end of treatment accompanied by a switch in HCV genotype or clade. Person-time methods were used to calculate the incidence of re-infection. RESULTS: Fifty-six persons who became HCV RNA-negative during primary acute HCV treatment were included. Five of the 56 cases relapsed and were not analysed. Eleven persons were re-infected. The incidence of HCV re-infection in this group was 15.2 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 8.0-26.5). The cumulative incidence was 33% within 2 years. DISCUSSION: An alarmingly high incidence of HCV re-infection was found in this group. This high re-infection rate indicates that current prevention measures should be discussed, frequent HCV RNA testing should be continued after successful treatment and, in case of possible relapse, clade typing should be performed to exclude re-infection.
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Regular screening of persons with HIV for HCV is cost-effective.
“Because acute HCV infection acquisition among persons with HIV infection can occur, especially among MSM, and regular screening of those with HIV is cost-effective (238,239,1377), periodic HCV screening should be conducted (1378–1380).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [1378]
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- Authors
- Lambers, F. A. E., Prins, M., Thomas, X., Molenkamp, R., Kwa, D., Brinkman, K., van der Meer, J. T. M., & Schinkel, J.
- Affiliations
- GGD Amsterdam (NL)
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- OLVG (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Schinkel, Janke
- Venue
- AIDS
- Published
- 2011-11-13
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- F21-F27
- ISSN
- 0269-9370 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2161988789
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 7.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- AIDS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Keywords
- HIV-infected men who have sex with men, acute hepatitis C, HCV RNA testing, HCV prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antiviral Agents, Genotype, Hepatitis C, Humans, Male, Netherlands, Recurrence, RNA, Viral, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral, HIV Infections, Incidence, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Hepacivirus, Interferon-alpha, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Viral Load
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