Chronobiology of interspecific interactions in a changing world
Open accessAbstract
Animals should time activities, such as foraging, migration and reproduction, as well as seasonal physiological adaptation, in a way that maximizes fitness. The fitness outcome of such activities depends largely on their interspecific interactions; the temporal overlap with other species determines when they should be active in order to maximize their encounters with food and to minimize their encounters with predators, competitors and parasites. To cope with the constantly changing, but predictable structure of the environment, organisms have evolved internal biological clocks, which are synchronized mainly by light, the most predictable and reliable environmental cue (but which can be masked by other variables), which enable them to anticipate and prepare for predicted changes in the timing of the species they interact with, on top of responding to them directly. Here, we review examples where the internal timing system is used to predict interspecific interactions, and how these interactions affect the internal timing system and activity patterns. We then ask how plastic these mechanisms are, how this plasticity differs between and within species and how this variability in plasticity affects interspecific interactions in a changing world, in which light, the major synchronizer of the biological clock, is no longer a reliable cue owing to the rapidly changing climate, the use of artificial light and urbanization. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Wild clocks: integrating chronobiology and ecology to understand timekeeping in free-living animals’.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Cites
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
Parmesan, C. (2006) · Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.37.091305.110100 · Cited by 8,652 · see citing works
Validation of open:closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat
Pellow, S., Chopin, P., File, S. E., & Briley, M. (1985) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/0165-0270(85)90031-7 · Cited by 5,822 · see citing works
Ecological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds
Keast, A., & Lack, D. L. (1970) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/2874 · Cited by 3,877 · see citing works
Climate change and evolutionary adaptation
Hoffmann, A. A., & Sgrò, C. M. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09670 · Cited by 3,262 · see citing works
The natural regulation of animal numbers
(1972) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/0047-2484(72)90031-0 · Cited by 3,015 · see citing works
The use of a plus-maze to measure anxiety in the mouse
Lister, R. G. (1987) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00177912 · Cited by 2,617 · see citing works
Dibner, C., Schibler, U., & Albrecht, U. (2010) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135821 · Cited by 2,421 · see citing works
Nonlethal Effects in the Ecology of Predator-Prey Interactions
Lima, S. L. (1998) · BioScience · doi:10.2307/1313225 · Cited by 1,852 · see citing works
The Natural Regulation of Animal Numbers
(1955) · AIBS Bulletin · doi:10.1093/aibsbulletin/5.1.12-b · Cited by 1,684 · see citing works
Seasonal Adaptations of Insects
Taylor, L. R., Tauber, M. J., Tauber, C. A., & Masaki, S. (1987) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/4831 · Cited by 1,586 · see citing works
Diversity and the Coevolution of Competitors, or the Ghost of Competition Past
Connell, J. H. (1980) · Oikos · doi:10.2307/3544421 · Cited by 1,568 · see citing works
Pellow, S., & File, S. E. (1986) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(86)90552-6 · Cited by 1,534 · see citing works
Seasonal Adaptations of Insects
Tauber, M. J., Tauber, C. A., & Masaki, S. (1985) · Cited by 1,438 · see citing works
Keeping up with a warming world; assessing the rate of adaptation to climate change
Visser, M. E. (2008) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.0997 · Cited by 1,131 · see citing works
Self-citationWarmer springs lead to mistimed reproduction in great tits (Parus major)
Visser, M. E., van Noordwijk, A. J., Tinbergen, J. M., & Lessells, C. M. (1998) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0514 · Cited by 1,054 · see citing works
Self-citationPhenological sensitivity to climate across taxa and trophic levels
Thackeray, S. J., Henrys, P. A., Hemming, D. L., Bell, J. R., Botham, M. S., Burthe, S. J., Hélaouët, P., Johns, D. G., Jones, I. D., Leech, D. I., et al. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature18608 · Cited by 1,026 · see citing works
Partitioning of time as an ecological resource
Kronfeld-Schor, N., & Dayan, T. (2003) · Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132435 · Cited by 1,021 · see citing works
Animal Migration and Infectious Disease Risk
Altizer, S., Bartel, R. A., & Han, B. A. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1194694 · Cited by 971 · see citing works
Zann, R. A. (1996) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198540793.001.0001 · Cited by 812 · see citing works
Visser, M. E., Holleman, L. J. M., & Gienapp, P. (2005) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0299-6 · Cited by 688 · see citing works
Self-citationCurio, E. (1976) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-81028-2 · Cited by 681 · see citing works
Climate change reduces reproductive success of an Arctic herbivore through trophic mismatch
Post, E., & Forchhammer, M. C. (2008) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2207 · Cited by 663 · see citing works
Warmer springs disrupt the synchrony of oak and winter moth phenology
Visser, M. E., & Holleman, L. J. M. (2001) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1363 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Self-citationThe ecology of climate change and infectious diseases
Lafferty, K. (2009) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/08-0079.1 · Cited by 600 · see citing works
Phenology of Forest Caterpillars and Their Host Trees: The Importance of Synchrony
van Asch, M., & Visser, M. E. (2006) · Annual Review of Entomology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091418 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Self-citationFactors Affecting Gerbil Foraging Behavior and Rates of Owl Predation
Kotler, B. P., Brown, J. S., & Hasson, O. (1991) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1941575 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
Avian migration phenology and global climate change
Cotton, P. A. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1930548100 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Artificial light at night as a new threat to pollination
Knop, E., Zoller, L., Ryser, R., Gerpe, C., Hörler, M., & Fontaine, C. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature23288 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
SMALL-RODENT DYNAMICS AND PREDATION
Hanski, I., Henttonen, H. A., Korpimäki, E., Oksanen, L., & Turchin, P. (2001) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[1505:srdap]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Implications of climate change for parasitism of animals in the aquatic environment
Marcogliese, D. J. (2001) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z01-067 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Social influences on mammalian circadian rhythms: animal and human studies
Mistlberger, R. E., & Skene, D. J. (2004) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1017/s1464793103006353 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Plasticity of diel and circadian activity rhythms in fishes
Reebs, S. G. (2002) · Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries · doi:10.1023/a:1025371804611 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Ecological adaptations to breeding in birds
Fitter, R. S. R. (1969) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/0003-3472(69)90170-5 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Direct Observations of Owls and Heteromyid Rodents: Can Predation Risk Explain Microhabitat Use?
Longland, W. S., & Price, M. V. (1991) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1941576 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Neurobiology of food anticipatory circadian rhythms
Mistlberger, R. E. (2011) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.015 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Delayed phenology and reduced fitness associated with climate change in a wild hibernator
Lane, J. E., Kruuk, L. E. B., Charmantier, A., Murie, J. O., & Dobson, F. S. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11335 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Clarke, J. A. (1983) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00299924 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Pollination by nocturnal L epidoptera, and the effects of light pollution: a review
Macgregor, C. J., Pocock, M. J. O., Fox, R., & Evans, D. M. (2014) · Ecological Entomology · doi:10.1111/een.12174 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Annual rhythms that underlie phenology: biological time-keeping meets environmental change
Helm, B., Ben‐Shlomo, R., Sheriff, M. J., Hut, R. A., Foster, F., Barnes, B. M., & Dominoni, D. M. (2013) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.0016 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Natural breeding places of phlebotomine sandflies
Feliciangeli, M. D. (2004) · Medical and Veterinary Entomology · doi:10.1111/j.0269-283x.2004.0487.x · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Parasites hinder monarch butterfly flight: implications for disease spread in migratory hosts
Bradley, C. A., & Altizer, S. (2005) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00722.x · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Characterizing a Mammalian Circannual Pacemaker
Lincoln, G. A., Clarke, I. J., Hut, R. A., & Hazlerigg, D. G. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1132009 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
GENETIC AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS
Dunlap, J. (1996) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.30.1.579 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Population Growth in a Wild Bird Is Buffered Against Phenological Mismatch
Reed, T. E., Grøtan, V., Jenouvrier, S., Sæther, B., & Visser, M. E. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1232870 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Self-citationAnnual Cycle of Body Composition and Hibernation in Free-Living Arctic Ground Squirrels
Buck, C. L., & Barnes, B. M. (1999) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.2307/1383291 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Kronfeld-Schor, N., Dominoni, D., de la Iglesia, H., Levy, O., Herzog, E. D., Dayan, T., & Helfrich-Forster, C. (2013) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.3088 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Self-citationDaly, M., Behrends, P. R., WILSON, M. I., & Jacobs, L. F. (1992) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80748-1 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Use of Middens by Red Foxes: Risk Reverses Rhythms of Rats
Fenn, M. G. P., & Macdonald, D. W. (1995) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.2307/1382321 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Mismatch Between Birth Date and Vegetation Phenology Slows the Demography of Roe Deer
Plard, F., Gaillard, J., Coulson, T. N., Hewison, A. J. M., Delorme, D., Warnant, C., & Bonenfant, C. (2014) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001828 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Daily rhythms of food-anticipatory behavioral activity do not require the known circadian clock
Storch, K.-F., & Weitz, C. J. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0902063106 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
PREDICTIVE MODELS OF MOVEMENT BY SERENGETI GRAZERS
Fryxell, J. M., Wilmshurst, J., & SINCLAIR, A. R. E. (2004) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/04-0147 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Interactions Between Predation Risk and Competition: A Field Study of Kangaroo Rats and Snakes
Bouskila, A. (1995) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1940639 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Altizer, S., Oberhauser, K. S., & Brower, L. P. (2000) · Ecological Entomology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2311.2000.00246.x · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Hunting in the kestrel, Falco tinnunculus, and the adaptive significance of daily habits
Rijnsdorp, A. D., Daan, S., & Dijkstra, C. (1981) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/bf00344982 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Two sides of a coin: ecological and chronobiological perspectives of timing in the wild
Helm, B., Visser, M. E., Schwartz, W. J., Kronfeld‐Schor, N., Gerkema, M. P., Piersma, T., & Bloch, G. (2017) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2016.0246 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Self-citationTracking the seasons: the internal calendars of vertebrates
Paul, M. J., Zucker, I., & Schwartz, W. J. (2007) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2143 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
In search of a temporal niche: environmental factors.
Hut, R., Kronfeld-Schor, N., van der Vinne, V., & de la Iglesia, H. O. (2012) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00017-4 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citationThe monarch butterfly: biology and conservation
Marsico, T. D. (2005) · The American Midland Naturalist · doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2005)154[0479:br]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Does seed production of spring ephemerals decrease when spring comes early?
Kudo, G., Nishikawa, Y., Kasagi, T., et al. (2004) · Ecological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1703.2003.00630.x · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Time and space in general models of antipredator response: tests with wolves and elk
Creel, S., Winnie, J. A., Christianson, D., & Liley, S. (2008) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.07.006 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Effects of Moonlight on Microhabitat Use by Desert Rodents
Price, M. V., Waser, N. M., & Bass, T. A. (1984) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.2307/1381183 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
A circadian pacemaker in free-living chipmunks: essential for survival?
DeCoursey, P. J., Walker, J. K., & Smith, S. A. (2000) · Journal of Comparative Physiology A · doi:10.1007/s003590050017 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
The biological rhythms and clocks of intertidal animals
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-2133 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
THE OCCURRENCE AND ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF NOCTURNAL HABITS IN WATERFOWL
McNeil, R., Drapeau, P., & GOSS‐CUSTARD, J. D. (1992) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1992.tb01188.x · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Genome-wide profiling of diel and circadian gene expression in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae
Rund, S. S. C., Hou, T. Y., Ward, S., Collins, F. H., & Duffield, G. E. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1100584108 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Evolutionary response of the egg hatching date of a herbivorous insect under climate change
van Asch, M., Salis, L., Holleman, L. J. M., van Lith, B., & Visser, M. E. (2012) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1717 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citationResource waves: phenological diversity enhances foraging opportunities for mobile consumers
Armstrong, J. B., Takimoto, G., Schindler, D. E., Hayes, M. M., & Kauffman, M. J. (2016) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/15-0554.1 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Loss of migratory behaviour increases infection risk for a butterfly host
Satterfield, D. A., Maerz, J. C., & Altizer, S. (2015) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1734 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Cold and hunger induce diurnality in a nocturnal mammal
van der Vinne, V., Riede, S. J., Gorter, J. A., Eijer, W. G., Sellix, M. T., Menaker, M., Daan, S., Pilorz, V., & Hut, R. A. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1413135111 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Increasing Temperature, Not Mean Temperature, Is a Cue for Avian Timing of Reproduction
Schaper, S. V., Dawson, A., Sharp, P. J., Gienapp, P., Caro, S. P., & Visser, M. E. (2012) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/663675 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Self-citationOberhauser, K. S., & Peterson, A. T. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2331584100 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage
Zímová, M., Mills, L. S., Lukacs, P. M., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0029 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Animal Migrations: Endangered Phenomena
Brower, L. P., & Malcolm, S. B. (1991) · American Zoologist · doi:10.1093/icb/31.1.265 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
A Circannual Clock Drives Expression of Genes Central for Seasonal Reproduction
de Miera, C. S., Monecke, S., Bartzen-Sprauer, J., Laran‐Chich, M., Pévet, P., Hazlerigg, D. G., & Simonneaux, V. (2014) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.05.024 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Effects of artificial illumination on the nocturnal foraging of waders
Santos, C. D., Miranda, A. C., Granadeiro, J. P., et al. (2009) · Acta Oecologica · doi:10.1016/j.actao.2009.11.008 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Natural selection against a circadian clock gene mutation in mice
Spoelstra, K., Wikelski, M. C., Daan, S., Loudon, A. S. I., & Hau, M. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1516442113 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Shedding light on light: benefits of anthropogenic illumination to a nocturnally foraging shorebird
Dwyer, R. G., Bearhop, S., Campbell, H. A., & Bryant, D. M. (2012) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12012 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
The Case of the Missing Mechanism: How Does Temperature Influence Seasonal Timing in Endotherms?
Caro, S. P., Schaper, S. V., Hut, R. A., Ball, G. F., & Visser, M. E. (2013) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001517 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationLight pollution is associated with earlier tree budburst across the United Kingdom
ffrench‐Constant, R. H., Somers-Yeates, R., Bennie, J., Economou, T., Hodgson, D. J., Spalding, A., & McGregor, P. K. (2016) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.0813 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Daan, S., Spoelstra, K., Albrecht, U., Schmutz, I., Daan, M., Daan, B., Rienks, F., Poletaeva, I., Dell'Omo, G., Vyssotski, A., et al. (2011) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730410397645 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Hahn, T. P. (1995) · Journal of Experimental Zoology · doi:10.1002/jez.1402720306 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
DeCoursey, P. J., Krulas, J. R., Mele, G. D., & Holley, D. C. (1997) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00263-1 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Individually tracked geese follow peaks of temperature acceleration during spring migration
van Wijk, R. E., Kölzsch, A., Kruckenberg, H., Ebbinge, B. S., Müskens, G. J. D. M., & Nolet, B. A. (2011) · Oikos · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.20083.x · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Mortality by moonlight: predation risk and the snowshoe hare
Griffin, P. C., Griffin, S. C., Waroquiers, C., & Mills, L. S. (2005) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/ari074 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The influence of biological rhythms on host–parasite interactions
Martinez, M. E., & Helm, B. (2015) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2015.03.012 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Diurnal activity in a small desert rodent
Shkolnik, A. (1971) · International Journal of Biometeorology · doi:10.1007/bf01803884 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Chronobiology of Marine Organisms
Naylor, E. (2010) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511803567 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Brower, L. P., Castilleja, G., Peralta, A., et al. (2002) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00572.x · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Urban light pollution alters the diel vertical migration of Daphnia
Moore, M. V., Pierce, S. M., Walsh, H. M., Kvalvik, S. K., & Lim, J. D. (2000) · SIL Proceedings 1922-2010 · doi:10.1080/03680770.1998.11901341 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Wood, S. H., Christian, H., Miedzinska, K., Saer, B., Johnson, M., Paton, B., Yu, L., McNEILLY, J. R., Davis, J. R., McNeilly, A. S., et al. (2015) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.09.014 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Differential behavioural and hormonal responses of voles and spiny mice to owl calls
Eilam, D., Dayan, T., Ben‐Eliyahu, S., Schulman, I., Shefer, G., & Hendrie, C. A. (1999) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.1999.1224 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Yohannes, M., & Boelee, E. (2011) · Medical and Veterinary Entomology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.00955.x · Cited by 124 · see citing works
COEXISTENCE OF TEMPORALLY PARTITIONED SPINY MICE: ROLES OF HABITAT STRUCTURE AND FORAGING BEHAVIOR
Jones, M. E., Mandelik, Y., & Dayan, T. (2001) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[2164:cotpsm]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Why climate change will invariably alter selection pressures on phenology
Gienapp, P., Reed, T. E., & Visser, M. E. (2014) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1611 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationDaily Rhythms in Mosquitoes and Their Consequences for Malaria Transmission
Rund, S. S. C., O’Donnell, A. J., Gentile, J. E., & Reece, S. E. (2016) · Insects · doi:10.3390/insects7020014 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
The dietary basis for temporal partitioning: food habits of coexisting Acomys species
Kronfeld‐Schor, N., & Dayan, T. (1999) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s004420050913 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationJONES, M. D. R., & Gubbins, S. J. (1978) · Physiological Entomology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1978.tb00151.x · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Fitness costs of disrupting circadian rhythms in malaria parasites
O’Donnell, A. J., Schneider, P., McWatters, H. G., & Reece, S. E. (2011) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.2457 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Seed Removal Experiments on Desert Rodents: The Microhabitat by Moonlight Effect
Bowers, M. A. (1988) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.2307/1381778 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Levy, O., Dayan, T., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2007) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420520701534640 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationPotential Disruption of Pollination in a Sexually Deceptive Orchid by Climatic Change
Robbirt, K. M., Roberts, D. L., Hutchings, M. J., et al. (2014) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.10.033 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Liedvogel, M., Szulkin, M., Knowles, S. C. L., Wood, M. J. A., & Sheldon, B. C. (2009) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04204.x · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Effect of artificial night lighting on temporally partitioned spiny mice
Rotics, S., Dayan, T., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2011) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1644/10-mamm-a-112.1 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Neurobiology of Circadian Timing
Hut, R. A., Kronfeld‐Schor, N., van der Vinne, V., & de la Iglesia, H. O. (2012) · Progress in brain research · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationSeasonal Thermogenic Acclimation of Diurnally and Nocturnally Active Desert Spiny Mice
Kronfeld‐Schor, N., Haim, A., Dayan, T., Zisapel, N., Klingenspor, M., & Heldmaier, G. (2000) · Physiological and Biochemical Zoology · doi:10.1086/316718 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of nocturnal illumination on life-history decisions and fitness in two wild songbird species
de Jong, M., Ouyang, J. Q., Silva, A. D., van Grunsven, R. H. A., Kempenaers, B., Visser, M. E., & Spoelstra, K. (2015) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0128 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationWikelski, M. C., Martin, L. B., Scheuerlein, A., Robinson, M. T., Robinson, N. D., Helm, B., Hau, M., & Gwinner, E. (2007) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2147 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
A new statistical tool to predict phenology under climate change scenarios
Gienapp, P., Hemerik, L., & Visser, M. E. (2005) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00925.x · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationTEMPORAL PARTITIONING: AN EXPERIMENT WITH TWO SPECIES OF SPINY MICE
Gutman, R., & Dayan, T. (2005) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/03-0369 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Balmert, N. J., Rund, S. S. C., Ghazi, J. P., Zhou, P., & Duffield, G. E. (2014) · Journal of Insect Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.02.013 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Exploration and predation models of anxiety: Evidence from laboratory and wild species
Hendrie, C. A., Weiss, S. Μ., & Eilam, D. (1996) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(95)02176-0 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Photoperiod as a Modifying and Limiting Factor in the Expression of Avian Circannual Rhythms
Gwinner, E. (1989) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/074873048900400210 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Lorenzo, M. G., & Lazzari, C. R. (1998) · Acta Tropica · doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(98)00025-4 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Animal clocks: when science meets nature
Kronfeld‐Schor, N., Bloch, G., & Schwartz, W. J. (2013) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.1354 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationActivity patterns of rodents: the physiological ecology of biological rhythms
Kronfeld‐Schor, N., & Dayan, T. (2008) · Biological Rhythm Research · doi:10.1080/09291010701683268 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationThe biological rhythms and clocks of intertidal animals
Neumann, D. (1996) · Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology · doi:10.1016/s0022-0981(96)90054-4 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Interspecific interactions between wild felids vary across scales and levels of urbanization
Lewis, J. S., Bailey, L., VandeWoude, S., & Crooks, K. (2015) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.1812 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Circannual Variation in Thyroid Hormone Deiodinases in a Short‐Day Breeder
de Miera, C. S., Hanon, É. A., Dardente, H., Birnie, M. J., Simonneaux, V., Lincoln, G. A., & Hazlerigg, D. G. (2013) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/jne.12013 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Rund, S. S. C., Lee, S. J., Bush, B. R., & Duffield, G. E. (2012) · Journal of Insect Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.09.016 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Vásquez, R. A. (1994) · Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00197008 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Thermal Change and the Dynamics of Multi-Host Parasite Life Cycles in Aquatic Ecosystems
Barber, I., Berkhout, B. W., & Ismail, Z. (2016) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/icw025 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Circadian rhythms in insect disease vectors
Meireles-Filho, A. C. A., & Kyriacou, C. P. (2013) · Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · doi:10.1590/0074-0276130438 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Behavioural response of wild rodents to the calls of an owl: a comparative study
Hendrie, C. A., Weiss, S. M., & Eilam, D. (1998) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00118.x · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Circadian and other rhythms of parasites.
Hawkins, F. (1975) · PubMed · Cited by 74 · see citing works
On the timing of foraging flights by oystercatchers, haematopus ostralegus, on tidal mudflats
Daan, S., & Koene, P. (1981) · Netherlands Journal of Sea Research · doi:10.1016/0077-7579(81)90002-8 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Two strategies for coping with food shortage in desert golden spiny mice
Gutman, R., Yosha, D., Choshniak, I., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2006) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.08.033 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationA database of circadian and diel rhythmic gene expression in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti
Leming, M. T., Rund, S. S. C., Behura, S. K., Duffield, G. E., & O’Tousa, J. E. (2014) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1128 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Circadian and other Rhythms of Parasites
Hawking, F. (1975) · Advances in Parasitology/Advances in parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60320-6 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Foraging Ecology of Seed-Harvesting Ants, Pheidole spp. in a Chihuahuan Desert Ecosystem
Whitford, W. G., Depree, D. J., Hamilton, P., & Ettershank, G. (1981) · The American Midland Naturalist · doi:10.2307/2425021 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
In search of a temporal niche: social interactions.
Castillo-Ruiz, A., Paul, M., & Schwartz, W. (2012) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00016-2 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Individual variability and photic entrainment of circadian rhythms in golden spiny mice
Cohen, R., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2006) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.12.010 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationMandelik, Y., Jones, M. E., & Dayan, T. (2003) · eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Meireles-Filho, A. C. A., Rivas, G. B. D. S., Gesto, J. S. M., et al. (2005) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.11.031 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Glass, G. E., & Slade, N. A. (1980) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1935194 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Behavioural Responses of European Roe Deer to Temporal Variation in Predation Risk
Sönnichsen, L., Bokje, M., Marchal, J., Hofer, H., Jȩdrzejewska, B., Kramer-Schadt, S., & Ortmann, S. (2013) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/eth.12057 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Foraging Activity Pattern Is Shaped by Water Loss Rates in a Diurnal Desert Rodent
Levy, O., Dayan, T., Porter, W. P., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2016) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/687246 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationBrancaccio, M., Enoki, R., Mazuski, C. N., Jones, J. R., Evans, J. A., & Azzi, A. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3233-14.2014 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Is There an Endogenous Tidal Foraging Rhythm in Marine Iguanas?
Wikelski, M. C., & Hau, M. (1995) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/074873049501000407 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Lv, S., Zhou, X., Zhang, Y., et al. (2006) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/s00436-006-0198-8 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Sorribas, J., Rodríguez, R., & Marí, F. G. (2010) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/09-1662.1 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Jones, M. E., & Dayan, T. (2000) · Journal of Chemical Ecology · doi:10.1023/a:1005417707588 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The Circadian Rhythm of Flight Activity of The Mosquito Anopheles Gambiae: the Light-Response Rhythm
JONES, M. D. R., Cubbin, C. M., & Marsh, D. (1972) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.57.2.337 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Contrasting detachment strategies in two congeneric ticks (Ixodidae) parasitizing the same songbird
Heylen, D., & Matthysen, E. (2009) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s0031182009991582 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Photoperiodic induction of diurnal locomotor activity in Microtus montanus, the montane vole
Rowsemitt, C. N., Petterborg, L. J., Claypool, L. E., et al. (1982) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z82-358 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Is the high concentration of ascorbic acid in the eye an adaptation to intense solar irradiation?
Koskela, T., Reiss, G. R., Brubaker, R. F., & Ellefson, R. D. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Gerkema, M. P., & van der Leest, F. (1991) · Journal of Comparative Physiology A · doi:10.1007/bf00215081 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Sheriff, M. J., Richter, M. M., Buck, C. L., et al. (2013) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2012.0480 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Masking and Temporal Niche Switches in Spiny Mice
Cohen, R., Smale, L., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2010) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730409351672 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationRising temperature reduces divergence in resource use strategies in coexisting parasitoid species
Lann, C. L., Visser, B., Mériaux, M., Moiroux, J., van Baaren, J., van Alphen, J. J. M., & Ellers, J. (2013) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2810-9 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Temperature dependence of gonadal regression in Syrian hamsters exposed to short day lengths
Larkin, J. E., Jones, J. J., & Zucker, I. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00299.2001 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Bissonnette, T. H., & Bailey, E. E. (1944) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1944.tb47953.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Plasticity of Circadian Activity and Body Temperature Rhythms in Golden Spiny Mice
Cohen, R., Smale, L., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2009) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420520902820939 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationBilu, C., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2013) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.773439 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationWilliams, B. G., & Pilditch, C. A. (1997) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/074873049701200208 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Diurnal Detachment of Immature Deer Ticks (Ixodes dammini) from Nocturnal Hosts
Mather, T. N., & Spielman, A. (1986) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1986.35.182 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Levy, O., Dayan, T., Kronfeld‐Schor, N., & Porter, W. P. (2012) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/665645 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationKriegsfeld, L. J., Ranalli, N. J., Bober, M. A., et al. (2000) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/074873000129001413 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Seasonal Timing: How Does a Hibernator Know When to Stop Hibernating?
Hut, R. A., Dardente, H., & Riede, S. J. (2014) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.05.061 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Olson, J. M., Jinka, T. R., Larson, L. K., et al. (2013) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730413490667 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Time-Specific Fear Acts as a Non-Photic Entraining Stimulus of Circadian Rhythms in Rats
Pellman, B. A., Kim, E., Reilly, M. A., Kashima, J., Motch, O., de la Iglesia, H. O., & Kim, J. J. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep14916 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Daily and seasonal variation in wolf activity in the Bieszczady Mountains, SE Poland
Eggermann, J., Gula, R., Pirga, B., et al. (2008) · Mammalian Biology · doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2008.05.010 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Rotics, S., Dayan, T., Levy, O., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2010) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2010.525674 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationGutman, R., Dayan, T., Levy, O., Schubert, I., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023446 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationArthropods as a prey resource: Patterns of diel, seasonal, and spatial availability
Vonshak, M., Dayan, T., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2009) · Journal of Arid Environments · doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.11.013 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationACTIVITY OF RADIO-TAGGED BLACK-FOOTED FERRETS
Biggins, D. E., Shroeder, M. H., Forrest, S. C., et al. (1986) · ScholarsArchive (Brigham Young University) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.16447624 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Energy intake and fur in summer- and winter-acclimated Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus)
Kauffman, A. S., Cabrera, A., & Zucker, I. (2001) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.2.r519 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Seeing a Ghost? Vigilance and Its Drivers in a Predator‐free World
Saout, S. L., Martin, J., Blanchard, P., Cèbe, N., Hewison, A. J. M., Rames, J., & Chamaillé‐Jammes, S. (2015) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/eth.12377 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Blanchet, M.-A., Biuw, M., Hofmeyr, G. J. G., de Bruyn, P. D., Lydersen, C., & Kovacs, K. (2013) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps10110 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
JONES, M. D. R., Gubbins, S. J., & Cubbin, C. M. (1974) · Bulletin of Entomological Research · doi:10.1017/s0007485300031126 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tokeson, J. P. E., & Holmes, J. C. (1982) · Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.2307/3281332 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Microhabitat Use by Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis): Effects of Moonlight and Prey
Campbell, S. R., Mackessy, S. P., & Clarke, J. A. (2008) · Journal of Herpetology · doi:10.1670/07-0681.1 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
TEMPORAL GENETIC VARIATION IN A COYOTE (CANIS LATRANS) POPULATION EXPERIENCING HIGH TURNOVER
Williams, C., Blejwas, K., Johnston, J., & Jaeger, M. (2003) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2003)084 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Differential Detachment from Resting Hosts of Replete Larval and Nymphal Ixodes Ticks
Matuschka, F. R., Richter, D., & Spielman, A. (1991) · Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.2307/3283116 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Winter activity of bat-eared foxesOtocyon megalotison the Cape West coast
Lourens, S., & Nel, J. A. J. (1990) · South African Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1080/02541858.1990.11448200 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The effects of moonlight on nocturnal activity in bushy-tailed wood rats (Neotoma cinerea)
Topping, M. G., Millar, J. S., & Goddard, J. A. (1999) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z99-006 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Black-footed ferrets and Siberian polecats as ecological surrogates and ecological equivalents
Biggins, D. E., Hanebury, L. R., Miller, B. J., et al. (2011) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1644/10-mamm-s-110.1 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Grooming in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis mexicana) and the ghost of parasites past
Mooring, M., Hart, B., Fitzpatrick, T. A., Reisig, D., Nishihira, T. T., Fraser, I., & Benjamin, J. B. (2006) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arj039 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Fraker, M. (2008) · American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/528961 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Neither the SCN nor the adrenals are required for circadian time-place learning in mice
Mulder, C. K., Papantoniou, C., Gerkema, M. P., & van der Zee, E. A. (2014) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2014.944975 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Interspecific contact affects phase response and activity in Desert hamsters
Scheibler, E., & Wollnik, F. (2009) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.06.001 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Steinlechner, S., Stieglitz, A., Ruf, T., et al. (1991) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3756-4_16 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Circannual Biology: The Double Life of the Seasonal Thyrotroph
Dardente, H. (2015) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.09.002 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Maccarone, A. D., & Hamilton, B. L. (2014) · Waterbirds · doi:10.1675/063.037.0211 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Vargas, A., & Anderson, S. H. (1998) · Journal of Ethology · doi:10.1007/bf02896351 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Graf, J.-F., Mermod, C., & Aeschlimann, A. G. (1978) · Acarologia · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Getz (2001) · doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2001)082
WOLF–BISON INTERACTIONS IN YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK
Smith, D. W., Mech, L. D., Meagher, M., Clark, W. E., Jaffe, R., Phillips, M. K., & Mack, J. A. (2000) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2000)081
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more!
Zimmet, P., Alberti, K. G. M. M., Stern, N., Bilu, C., El‐Osta, A., Einat, H., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2019) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12924 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kronfeld-Schor, N., Visser, M. E., Salis, L., & van Gils, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NL)
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, and Utrecht University, PO Box 59, Den Burg 1790 AB, The Netherlands
- Venue
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2017-10-09
- Volume
- 372
- Issue
- 1734
- Pages
- 20160248
- ISSN
- 0962-8436 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-2970
- PMC
- PMC5647275
- OpenAlex
- W2762264947
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 187
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 1.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NIOZ Publications (Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research) (publishedVersion)
- KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Flanders Marine Institute (Flanders Marine Institute) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Keywords
- chronobiology, species interactions, biological clock, activity rhythms, temporal overlap, climate change, artificial light at night, urbanization, phenotypic plasticity, predator-prey interactions, foraging, seasonal adaptation
- MeSH terms
- Life History Traits, Animals, Biological Clocks, Circadian Rhythm, Lighting, Urbanization, Climate Change
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
