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Regulation of NFATc1 in Osteoclast Differentiation
Open accessAbstract
Osteoclasts are unique cells that degrade the bone matrix. These large multinucleated cells differentiate from the monocyte/macrophage lineage upon stimulation by two essential cytokines, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL). Activation of transcription factors such as microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF), c-Fos, NF-κB, and nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) is required for sufficient osteoclast differentiation. In particular, NFATc1 plays the role of a master transcription regulator of osteoclast differentiation. To date, several mechanisms, including transcription, methylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and non-coding RNAs, have been shown to regulate expression and activation of NFATc1. In this review, we have summarized the various mechanisms that control NFATc1 regulation during osteoclast differentiation.
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“NFATc1 binds to its own promoter, switching on an epigenetically controlled autoregulatory cycle that permits efficient induction of the osteoclast-specific genes, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, as well as the fusion-specific genes, dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) and ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit D2 (ATP6v0d2) [20,25,26] (Figure 3).”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
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“In RANKL-activated HSCs, polyubiquitination of NIK is inhibited [18], and TRAF6 activates a cascade of kinases, including extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), and Akt and IkB kinases [20,21].”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
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“This cascade requires Lys63-linked TRAF-6 auto-ubiquitination [22] and initiates the transcription of activator protein-1 (AP-1), c-Fos, NF-κB, and nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic calcineurin-dependent 1 (NFATc1), the master regulator of osteoclast differentiation [20,23,24].”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
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“Among genes harboring an excess of HF SNCs associated with specific facial features, we find RUNX2, EDAR, and GLI3133, NFATC1134, SPOP135, DDR2136 and NELL1137, possibly carrying changes in regulatory regions”
From A catalog of single nucleotide changes distinguishing modern humans from archaic hominins (2019) · cites this paper as [134]
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“In particular, NFATc1 is an indispensable factor for osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo, which suggests that its regulation could be targeted by novel therapeutic strategies for bone diseases (Kim and Kim, 2014).”
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“[9] These signaling molecules then induce and activate nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1),[10,11] leading to osteoclast differentiation.”
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“Several pathways are stimulated following the binding of RANKL to RANK [4,5].”
BackgroundInfluentialSviercz, F. A., Jarmoluk, P., Cevallos, C. G., López, C. A. M., Freiberger, R. N., Guano, A. D., Adamczyk, A. M., Ostrowski, M., Delpino, M. V., & Quarleri, J. F. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206099 · Cited by 6
“The NFATc1 protein is a master regulator of osteoclast differentiation that controls a number of osteoclast-specific genes, such as TRAP and cathepsin K, which could act as a transcriptional factor during HIV replication (50, 51).”
BackgroundMorusin Inhibits RANKL-induced Osteoclastogenesis and Ovariectomized Osteoporosis
Jin, C. G., Zheng, J., Yang, Q., Jia, Y., Li, H., Liu, X., Xu, Y., Chen, Z., & He, L. (2023) · Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening · doi:10.2174/0113862073252310230925062415 · Cited by 6
Targeted sequencing of DCSTAMP in familial Paget's disease of bone
Sultana, M. A., Pavlos, N. J., Ward, L., Walsh, J. P., & Rea, S. L. (2019) · Bone Reports · doi:10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100198 · Cited by 6
“An Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory motif has been identified on the cytoplasmic tail of DC-STAMP, suggestive of a signalling role, and deletion of this tail appears to prevent nuclear translocation of the critical osteoclast transcription factor NFATc1 (Chiu et al., 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialVegger, J. B., Brüel, A., & Thomsen, J. S. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 6
Non-polar lipid from greenshell mussel (Perna canaliculus) inhibits osteoclast differentiation
Siriarchavatana, P., Kruger, M. C., Miller, M. R., Tian, H. S., & Wolber, F. M. (2021) · Bone Reports · doi:10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101132 · Cited by 6
“NFATc1, the master transcription factor of osteoclast differentiation, regulates gene expression of TRAP, cathepsin K, calcitonin receptor, and osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) through cooperation with microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and c-Fos (Kim and Kim, 2014).”
BackgroundOsteoclasts-Key Players in Skeletal Health and Disease
Novack, D. V., & Mbalaviele, G. (2017) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555819194.ch13 · Cited by 7
He, Q., Yang, J., Chen, D., Li, Y., Gong, D., Ge, H., Wang, Z., Wang, H., & Chen, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.899776 · Cited by 6
“MAPK is closely related to osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL and regulates the downstream nuclear factors c-Fos and NFATc1 (Wong et al., 1998; Matsuo et al., 2004; Kim and Kim, 2014).”
BackgroundLee, A. S., Sung, M. J., Son, S. J., Han, A.-R., Hong, S. M., & Lee, S. (2023) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0078 · Cited by 6
“6,7 These transcription factors play a key role in regulating the expression of several osteoclast-related genes and proteins such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), and cathepsin K (CTSK), suggesting the importance of RANKL in osteoporosis and…”
Choi, J., Jang, A., Jeong, H.-N., Kim, K., Kim, Y.-M., Cho, J., & Park, J. (2020) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.39622 · Cited by 6
“In particular, the amplification of NFATc1, a master regulator of osteoclast differentiation, regulates osteoclast-related genes such as cathepsin K, TRAP [30, 31].”
BackgroundExploring the relationship between periodontal diseases and osteoporosis: Potential role of butyrate
Quintero, S., Ait‐Aissa, K., Munkhsaikhan, U., Sahyoun, A. M., Apu, E. H., Abidi, A. H., & Kassan, M. (2024) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117791 · Cited by 7
[Research progress in the osteogenetic mechanism of strontium].
Zhong, N., & Wang, L. (2020) · PubMed Central · doi:10.7518/hxkq.2020.06.016 · Cited by 5
“[Key words] strontium; bone metabolism; mechanism of action 开放科学（资源服务） 标识码（OSID） •698• 华西口腔医学杂志 第 38 卷 第 6 期 2020 年 12 月 West China Journal of Stomatology Vol.38 No.6 Dec. 2020 http://www.hxkqyxzz.net 能不全的患者易引起体内锶的蓄积，形成高血锶导 致不良后果[7]。 2 锶的成骨效应和机制 2.1 成骨细胞 研究[8]表明，锶能延长成骨细胞的存活时间，促 进成骨细胞早期黏附、增殖、分化和基质的矿化。 锶能通过整合素α2、整合素β1、黏…”
InfluentialPark, Y. R., Su, X. D., Shrestha, S. K., Yang, S. Y., & Soh, Y. (2021) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13609 · Cited by 5
Wang, H., Joshi, P., Hong, S.-H., Maye, P. F., Rowe, D. W., & Shin, D. (2022) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12864-021-08159-z · Cited by 5
“In contrast, NFATc1 functions as a master transcriptional regulator of osteo-clast differentiation [2].”
BackgroundZhang, L., Wang, Z., Sun, Z., Pang, M., Shao, C., & Li, L. (2022) · Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research · doi:10.1007/s12265-022-10300-6 · Cited by 5
Nilawati, N., Widyastuti, W., Rizka, Y., & Kurniawan, H. (2022) · European Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1758794 · Cited by 5
“33 The important role of NFATc1 in osteoclast differentiation is well documented by several studies.”
BackgroundWhitlock, J. M., de Castro, L. F., Collins, M. T., Chernomordik, L., & Boyce, A. M. (2023) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106470 · Cited by 7
Chen, Z., Joseph, D., Ding, M., Bhujbal, S. P., Rajan, R. P. S., Kim, E., Park, S.-W., Lee, S., & Lee, T. (2023) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115767 · Cited by 5
Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action
Ham, J. R., & Lee, M. (2024) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2024.12418 · Cited by 5
“In addition, FME signifi‑ cantly downregulated c‑Fos gene expression on day 1. c‑Fos is an important transcription factor that is involved in the early stage of osteoclast differentiation whilst promoting NFATc1 action (37).”
BackgroundKontogianni, G., Bonatti, A. F., Maria, C. D., Naseem, R., Coelho, C. C., Alpantaki, K., Batsali, A. K., Pontikoglou, C. G., Quadros, P. A., Dalgarno, K. W., et al. (2024) · Journal of Functional Biomaterials · doi:10.3390/jfb15050116 · Cited by 5
“NFATc1 is the master transcription regulator of osteoclast differentiation and, thus, regulates a number of osteoclast-specific genes such as TRAP [59].”
BackgroundKonno, T., Murachi, H., Otsuka, K., Kimura, Y., Sampei, C., Arasaki, Y., Kohara, Y., & Hayata, T. (2024) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150063 · Cited by 5
Lin, J., Peng, Y., Liu, Q., Li, K., Lv, G., Seimbille, Y., Huang, G., Gao, F., & Qiu, L. (2020) · Chemical Biology & Drug Design · doi:10.1111/cbdd.13767 · Cited by 5
“…of osteoclastogenesis, NFATc1 regulates the expression of various genes related with osteoclast including matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, and integrin-β3 (Fujisaki et al., 2007; Kim & Kim, 2014; Negishi-Koga & Takayanagi, 2009).”
BackgroundIs medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition?
Rosenberg, S. A., Migliorati, C. A., & Romanos, G. E. (2020) · Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2020.12.001 · Cited by 5
Lee, S., Kim, J.-H., Kim, M., Hong, S., Park, H., Kim, E. J., Kim, E.-Y., Lee, C.-H., Sohn, Y., & Jung, H.-S. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms242216465 · Cited by 4
“The primers used were obtained from GENOTECH (Daejeon, Republic of Korea).”
MethodSelf-citationDeguchi, T., Fazeli, E., Koho, S., Pennanen, P., Alanne, M. H., Modi, M. K., Eriksson, J., Vienola, K. V., Hanninen, P. E., Peltonen, J. T. K., et al. (2019) · Journal of Physics D Applied Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ab4838 · Cited by 5
ST5 Positively Regulates Osteoclastogenesis via Src/Syk/calcium Signaling Pathways.
Kim, M. K., Kim, B.-J., Kwon, J., Song, M., Jung, S., Lee, Z. H., & Kim, H. (2019) · PubMed Central · doi:10.14348/molcells.2019.0189 · Cited by 5
“Calcium signaling mediates translocation of the NFATc1 transcription factor into the nucleus, where it binds to the promoter of osteoclastogenesis-related genes and regulates these genes (Kim and Kim, 2014; Koga et al., 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialChoi, Y. Y., Jin, S. C., Song, M., Yi, S., Park, J., Baek, H. K., Park, S. H., Yang, H. J., Lee, J. Y., & Yang, W. M. (2025) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2025.120669 · Cited by 4
Park, J., Kim, S., Jung, H.-Y., Bae, E., Shin, M., Park, J.-I., Choi, S., Yi, S.-J., & Kim, K. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.111455 · Cited by 4
Lv, F., Qin, J., Kong, S., Pan, L., & Ding, R. (2022) · Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jbt.23156 · Cited by 4
Effect of Ishige okamurae Extract on Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo
Cho, S.-H., Kim, H., Ahn, J., Ryu, B., Jea, J.-G., Lee, K., Kim, K., Ahn, G., Lee, W., Choi, K.-M., et al. (2024) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md22030137 · Cited by 4
“Powdered I. okamurae (100 g) was subjected to extraction using 70% ethanol (1 L) with continuous agitation at 37 ◦ C, and the solvent was removed under vacuum using a rotary evaporator.”
MethodChen, Z., Encarnacion, A. M., Rajan, R. P. S., Yao, H., Lee, S., Kim, E., & Lee, T. (2024) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116335 · Cited by 4
Targeting TRPC channels for control of arthritis-induced bone erosion
Ray, S., McCall, J. L., Tian, J., Jeon, J., Douglas, A., Tyler, K., Liu, S., Berry, K., Nicewarner, B., Hall, C., et al. (2025) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm9843 · Cited by 4
“Ca 2 + is a critical mediator of osteoclastogenesis both due to its essential role in NFAT activation ( 34 , 35 ) and its contribution to mul-tinucleation ( 5 – 7 ).”
Li, Y., Hong, R., Liang, Y., Pan, H., & Cheng, Z. (2018) · Pharmacognosy Magazine · doi:10.4103/pm.pm_203_17 · Cited by 4
Overexpression of Neurogenin 1 Negatively Regulates Osteoclast and Osteoblast Differentiation
Kim, J. H., Kim, K., Kim, I., Seong, S., Koh, J., & Kim, N. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23126708 · Cited by 5
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Kim, J. H., & Kim, N.
- Affiliations
- Chonnam National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Nacksung
- Venue
- Journal of Bone Metabolism
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 233
- ISSN
- 2287-6375 (ISSN-L)
- 2287-7029
- PMC
- PMC4255043
- OpenAlex
- W2132541910
- Cited by
- 570
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 17
- FWCI
- 2.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Bone Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Keywords
- NFATc1, osteoclastogenesis, transcriptional regulation, epigenetic regulation, DNA methylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, non-coding RNA, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, RANKL, MITF, c-fos, NF-κB, bone resorption
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