A public vaccine-induced human antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.013
Abstract
The emergence of antigenically distinct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with increased transmissibility is a public health threat. Some of these variants show substantial resistance to neutralization by SARS-CoV-2 infection- or vaccination-induced antibodies, which principally target the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the virus spike glycoprotein. Here, we describe 2C08, a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-induced germinal center B cell-derived human monoclonal antibody that binds to the receptor binding motif within the RBD. 2C08 broadly neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants with remarkable potency and reduces lung inflammation, viral load, and morbidity in hamsters challenged with either an ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain or a recent variant of concern. Clonal analysis identified 2C08-like public clonotypes among B cell clones responding to SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination in at least 20 out of 78 individuals. Thus, 2C08-like antibodies can be readily induced by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and mitigate resistance by circulating variants of concern. One Sentence Summary: Protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants by a potently neutralizing vaccine-induced human monoclonal antibody.
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Five RBD-binding monoclonal antibodies showed high neutralization potency, with 80% neutralization values of less than 100 ng ml−1.
“A more detailed analysis36 of these RBD-binding monoclonal antibodies assessed their in vitro inhibitory capacity against the WA1/2020 D614G strain using an authentic SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay: five showed high neutralization potency, with 80% neutralization values of less than 100 ng ml−1.”
From SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce persistent human germinal centre responses (2021) · cites this paper as [36]
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A broadly neutralizing antibody protects Syrian hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron challenge
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Ultrapotent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with a high degree of mutation resistance
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mRNA-1273 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines protect against the B.1.621 variant of SARS-CoV-2
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Self-citationA T cell–based SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine provides protection without antibodies
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Self-citationJaiswal, D., Altomare, C. G., Adelsberg, D. C., Sapse, I. A., Krammer, F., Simon, V. R., Ellebedy, A. H., & Bajic, G. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.111137.1
Self-citationFerreira, B. M. P., Furtado, G. E., Souza-Gomes, A. F., do AMARAL, J. B., Rodrigues, F., Nunes-Silva, A., Rossi, M., Bachi, A. L. L., Oliveira, J. D. S., Santos, C. A., et al. (2026) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2026.07.035
Germinal centre-driven maturation of B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
Ellebedy, A. H. (2024) · ImmPort · doi:10.21430/m3818vpqqm
Self-citation
- Authors
- Schmitz, A. J., Turner, J. S., Liu, Z., Aziati, I. D., Chen, R. E., Joshi, A., Bricker, T. L., Darling, T. L., Adelsberg, D. C., Alsoussi, W. B., Case, J. B., Lei, T., Thapa, M., Amanat, F., O’Halloran, J. A., Shi, P.-Y., Presti, R. M., Krammer, F., Bajic, G., Whelan, S. P. J., Diamond, M. S., Boon, A. C. M., & Ellebedy, A. H.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boon, Adrianus C. M.
- Ellebedy, Ali H.
- ORCID
- Schmitz, Aaron J.
- Turner, Jackson S.
- Liu, Zhuoming
- Aziati, Ishmael D.
- Chen, Rita E.
- Joshi, Astha
- Bricker, Traci L.
- Darling, Tamarand L.
- Adelsberg, Daniel C.
- Alsoussi, Wafaa B.
- Case, James Brett
- Lei, Tingting
- Thapa, Mahima
- Amanat, Fatima
- O’Halloran, Jane A.
- Shi, Pei-Yong
- Presti, Rachel M.
- Krammer, Florian
- Bajic, Goran
- Whelan, Sean P.J.
- Diamond, Michael S.
- Boon, Adrianus C. M.
- Ellebedy, Ali H.
- Venue
- Immunity
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2021-03-25
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2159-2166.e6
- ISSN
- 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8010723
- OpenAlex
- W3194943053
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 17
- FWCI
- 4.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Immunity (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Helen Hay Whitney Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (HHSN272201400006C, UL1TR002345, UL1TR001439)
- National Cancer Institute (T32CA009547)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U24GM129539)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHSN272201400008C), R01AI157155, R01AI118938, U01AI151810, R01AI134907, contract HHSN272201400006C, 75N93019C00051, 75N93019C00062, 75N93021C00016, U01AI150747, U01AI141990, HHSN 272201400006C)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine-induced antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, receptor binding domain, neutralizing antibodies, variants of concern, Delta variant, Alpha variant, Beta variant, D614G mutation, germinal center B cells, antibody resistance, hamster challenge, lung viral load
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