PreprintCited by 1,911PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancerTuberous Sclerosis Complex ResearchMetabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

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Rheb GTPase is a direct target of TSC2 GAP activity and regulates mTOR signaling

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Inoki, Ken, Li, Yong, Xu, Tian, Guan, Kun-Liang·2003·Genes & Development

DOI 10.1101/gad.1110003PMC PMC196227

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Abstract

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease caused by mutation in either TSC1 or TSC2 . The TSC1 and TSC2 gene products form a functional complex and inhibit phosphorylation of S6K and 4EBP1. These functions of TSC1/TSC2 are likely mediated by mTOR. Here we report that TSC2 is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) toward Rheb, a Ras family GTPase. Rheb stimulates phosphorylation of S6K and 4EBP1. This function of Rheb is blocked by rapamycin and dominant-negative mTOR. Rheb stimulates the phosphorylation of mTOR and plays an essential role in regulation of S6K and 4EBP1 in response to nutrients and cellular energy status. Our data demonstrate that Rheb acts downstream of TSC1/TSC2 and upstream of mTOR to regulate cell growth.

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Authors: Inoki, K., Li, Y., Xu, T., & Guan, K.-L.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
ORCID: Inoki, Ken
Li, Yong
Xu, Tian
Guan, Kun-Liang
Venue: Genes & Development
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Published: 2003-07-17
Volume: 17
Issue: 15
Pages: 1829-1834
ISSN: 0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
1549-5477
DOI: 10.1101/gad.1110003
PMC: PMC196227
OpenAlex: W2056137479
Cited by: 1,911
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 44 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 75 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 107 · 2020: 103 · 2019: 73 · 2018: 97 · 2017: 112 · 2016: 111 · 2015: 127 · 2014: 92 · 2013: 101 · 2012: 94
Type: posted content
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Genes & Development (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK124709)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics (clinical) › Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Keywords: TSC2, GTPase-activating protein, mTOR signaling, tuberous sclerosis complex, S6K phosphorylation, 4E-BP1 phosphorylation, rapamycin, nutrient signaling, cellular energy status, cell growth regulation, Ras family GTPases
MeSH terms: Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain Protein, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein, Antibiotics, Antineoplastic, Cell Division, Cell Line, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Genes, Dominant, Guanosine Triphosphate, Humans, Hydrolysis, Models, Biological, Mutation, Neuropeptides, Phosphorylation, Plasmids, Protein Binding, Protein Kinases, Proteins, Repressor Proteins, Time Factors, Protein Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Sirolimus, GTP Phosphohydrolases, Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

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Rheb GTPase is a direct target of TSC2 GAP activity and regulates mTOR signaling

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