Nonenzymatic Template-directed Synthesis of Informational Macromolecules
Abstract
Biological evolution is a remarkably effective mechanism for the generation of catalytically active materials. A compendium of the known biological enzymes includes a large and functionally diverse array of proteins (Webb 1984) and a small but growing number of catalytic RNAs (for review, see Cech 1987). The key to evolution's effectiveness is its use of a few basic structural units (the 20 amino acids or the 4 ribonucleotides), which are assembled into functional macromolecules according to historically validated genetic information. All biological catalysts are informational catalysts in that their structure and function derive from choices that were made during the course of their evolutionary development. These choices are linked to the survival of the organism and result in a particular ordering of monomeric subunits within the structure of the polymeric catalyst.
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The high post-mismatch fidelity across templating base C may be because templated incorporation of G across C is particularly robust, and incorporation of the G monomer across from any base is particularly efficient.
“High post-mismatch fidelity tended to occur across templating base C, perhaps because the templated incorporation of G across C is particularly robust, and incorporation of the G monomer (across from any base) is also particularly efficient.2,3”
From Cascade of reduced speed and accuracy after errors in enzyme-free copying of nucleic acid sequences (2013) · cites this paper as [2]
Activated A and U monomers are added to a primer much more slowly than activated G or C monomers.
“2-Methylimidazole-activated AMP or UMP (2-MeImpA or 2-MeImpU)9 are added to the 3′-end of a primer (annealed to a complementary template) at a much slower rate than 2-MeImpG or 2-MeImpC.10−12”
From Replacing Uridine with 2-Thiouridine Enhances the Rate and Fidelity of Nonenzymatic RNA Primer Extension (2015) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Joyce, G. F.
- Affiliations
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Corresponding author
- Joyce, G.F.
- ORCID
- Joyce, G.F.
- Venue
- Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 1987-01-01
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 0
- Pages
- 41-51
- ISSN
- 0091-7451 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-4456
- OpenAlex
- W2051581450
- Cited by
- 121
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2020: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Keywords
- template synthesis, ribozymes, amino acid selection, genetic information
- MeSH terms
- Base Sequence, Catalysis, DNA, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, RNA, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, Templates, Genetic
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