The DOI matches its Crossref record; 449 of the 450 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Phase transitions in quantum chromodynamics
Open accessAbstract
The current understanding of finite-temperature phase transitions in QCD is reviewed. A critical discussion of refined phase-transition criteria in numerical lattice simulations and of analytical tools going beyond the mean-field level in effective continuum models for QCD is presented. Theoretical predictions about the order of the transitions are compared with possible experimental manifestations in heavy-ion collisions. Various places in phenomenological descriptions are pointed out where more reliable data for QCD's equation of state would help in selecting the most realistic scenario among those proposed. Unanswered questions are raised about the relevance of calculations that assume thermodynamic equilibrium. Promising new approaches for implementing nonequilibrium aspects of the thermodynamics of heavy-ion collisions are described. [S0034-6861(96)00302-9]
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The original suggestion [130] is that when the screening length of the color force is smaller than the size of the ¯ cc bound state, this narrow resonance will melt.”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [130]
Citations
Cites
Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines
Metropolis, N., Rosenbluth, A. W., Rosenbluth, M. N., Teller, A. H., & Teller, E. (1953) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1699114 · Cited by 37,192
Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena
Hoch, M. J. R. (2016) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781439850541-13 · Cited by 11,466
Free Energy of a Nonuniform System. I. Interfacial Free Energy
Cahn, J. W., & Hilliard, J. E. (1958) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1744102 · Cited by 10,647
Theory of dynamic critical phenomena
Hohenberg, P. C., & Halperin, B. I. (1977) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.49.435 · Cited by 6,935
(1958) · Journal of Nuclear Energy · doi:10.1016/0891-3919(58)90200-6 · Cited by 5,894
The renormalization group and the ε expansion
Wilson, K. G. (1974) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(74)90023-4 · Cited by 5,191
Introduction to Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena
Stanley, H. E., & Wong, V. K. (1972) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.1986710 · Cited by 4,108
Duane, S., Kennedy, A. D., Pendleton, B. J., & Roweth, D. (1987) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(87)91197-x · Cited by 4,081
Chiral perturbation theory to one loop
Gasser, J., & Leutwyler, H. (1984) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(84)90242-2 · Cited by 4,001
Weinberg, S. (1979) · Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications · doi:10.1016/0378-4371(79)90223-1 · Cited by 3,399
J/ψ suppression by quark-gluon plasma formation
Matsui, T., & Satz, H. (1986) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(86)91404-8 · Cited by 2,912
Highly relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions: The central rapidity region
Bjorken, J. D. (1983) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.27.140 · Cited by 2,796
Chodos, A., Jaffe, R. L., Johnson, K., Thorn, C. B., & Weisskopf, V. F. (1974) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.9.3471 · Cited by 2,670
New Monte Carlo technique for studying phase transitions
Ferrenberg, A. M., & Swendsen, R. H. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.2635 · Cited by 2,655
Brownian Motion of a Quantum Oscillator
Schwinger, J. (1961) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1703727 · Cited by 2,597
The axial vector current in beta decay
Gell‐Mann, M., & Lévy, M. M. (1960) · Il Nuovo Cimento · doi:10.1007/bf02859738 · Cited by 2,499
Finite size scaling analysis of ising model block distribution functions
Binder, K. (1981) · The European Physical Journal B · doi:10.1007/bf01293604 · Cited by 2,211
QCD and instantons at finite temperature
Gross, D. J., Pisarski, R. D., & Yaffe, L. G. (1981) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.53.43 · Cited by 2,171 · cited 1×
“Since dI(T ) → 0 as T → ∞ (Gross et al., 1981), g could be small at the transition temperature compared to the T = 0-value.”
Behavior of Current Divergences under SU3×SU3
Gell‐Mann, M., Oakes, R. J., & Renner, B. (1968) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.175.2195 · Cited by 2,091
Hamiltonian formulation of Wilson's lattice gauge theories
Kogut, J., & Susskind, L. (1975) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.11.395 · Cited by 2,021 · cited 1×
“For the gauge part it is the Wilson form (Wilson, 1974), for the fermionic part two choices are Wilson fermions (Wilson, 1974) and staggered or Kogut-Susskind fermions (Kogut and Susskind, 1975; Susskind, 1977).”
Molecular Size Distribution in Three Dimensional Polymers. I. Gelation 1
Flory, P. J. (1941) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja01856a061 · Cited by 1,953
Modern Theory of Critical Phenomena
Osborn, H. (1977) · Physics Bulletin · doi:10.1088/0031-9112/28/4/035 · Cited by 1,934
Chiral quarks and the non-relativistic quark model
Manohar, A. V., & Georgi, H. M. (1984) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(84)90231-1 · Cited by 1,927
The Method of Second Quantization
(1966) · Pure and applied physics · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-089450-5.x5001-9 · Cited by 1,900 · cited 1×
“The integrals are performed using the well-known formulas of Berezin integration (Berezin, 1966).”
Diagram technique for nonequilibrium processes
Keldysh (1965) · Cited by 1,899
Mott, N. F. (1968) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.40.677 · Cited by 1,804 · cited 1×
“They start near absolute zero with the Mott transitions (Mott, 1968) from superconductor to insulator, and are common between 102 K and 103 K.”
Fate of the false vacuum. II. First quantum corrections
Callan, C. G., & Coleman, S. (1977) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.16.1762 · Cited by 1,789
Weinberg, S. (1966) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.17.616 · Cited by 1,740
Ground-State Energy of a Many-Fermion System. II
Luttinger, J. M., & Ward, J. (1960) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.118.1417 · Cited by 1,720
Absence of neutrinos on a lattice
Nielsen, H. B., & Ninomiya, M. (1981) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(81)90361-8 · Cited by 1,719 · cited 1×
““No-Go” theorems by Nielsen and Ninomiya (1981a, 1981b) explain the failure of naive transcription and tell us that no lattice formulation of the fermionic action exists that is satisfactory in all aspects.”
(2002) · WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks · doi:10.1142/9789812778505_0021 · Cited by 1,636
Multicanonical ensemble: A new approach to simulate first-order phase transitions
Berg, B. A., & Neuhaus, T. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.9 · Cited by 1,596
The renormalization group in the theory of critical behavior
Fisher, M. E. (1974) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.46.597 · Cited by 1,560 · cited 1×
“If the condition (2.10) is violated, one should use the renormalization group approach of (Wegner, 1972; Wilson and Kogut, 1974; Fisher, 1974; Ma, 1976) to describe critical phenomena.”
InfluentialCurrent algebra theorems for the U(1) “Goldstone boson”
Witten, E. (1979) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(79)90031-2 · Cited by 1,538 · cited 1×
“It vanishes in the pure gauge case (Nf = 0) and in the limit of infinite colors Nc = ∞ (Witten, 1979).”
Phase transitions and critical phenomena
Rowlinson, J. S. (1977) · The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics · doi:10.1016/0021-9614(77)90026-x · Cited by 1,523
Topology of the gauge condition and new confinement phases in non-abelian gauge theories
Hooft, G. ’. (1981) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(81)90442-9 · Cited by 1,491
Infrared singularities and massive fields
Appelquist, T., & Carazzone, J. (1975) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.11.2856 · Cited by 1,483
Calculation of Partition Functions
Hubbard, J. P. (1959) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.3.77 · Cited by 1,434
Effective action for composite operators
Cornwall, J. M., Jackiw, R., & Tomboulis, E. T. (1974) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.10.2428 · Cited by 1,387
Statistical theory of the decay of metastable states
Langer, J. S. (1969) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(69)90153-5 · Cited by 1,360
Soft amplitudes in hot gauge theories: A general analysis
Braaten, E., & Pisarski, R. D. (1990) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(90)90508-b · Cited by 1,280 · cited 1×
“At extremely high temperatures, T ≫ ΛMS , with typical momenta Q ≈ T , the coupling Q2/Λ2MS becomes weak, and resummed finite temperature perturbation theory (Braaten and Pisarski, 1990 and 1992) may be applied.”
The structure of the gauge theory vacuum
Callan, C. G., Dashen, R. F., & Gross, D. J. (1976) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(76)90277-x · Cited by 1,274 · cited 1×
“Even in the presence of an anomaly there remains axial ZA(Nf ) symmetry (Callan et al., 1976).”
Remarks on the chiral phase transition in chromodynamics
Pisarski, R. D., & Wilczek, F. (1984) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.29.338 · Cited by 1,252 · cited 5×
“The most general renormalizable Lagrangian in terms of φ which is consistent with the chiral symmetry properties of QCD is given as (Pisarski and Wilczek, 1984) L = 1 2 Tr (∂µφ +)(∂µφ) − m2 2 Tr (φ+φ) − π 2 3 f1(Tr φ +φ)2 −π 2 3 f2Tr (φ +φ)2 + g · (detφ+ detφ+) .”
InfluentialWegner, F. (1972) · Physical review. B, Solid state · doi:10.1103/physrevb.5.4529 · Cited by 1,224 · cited 1×
“If the condition (2.10) is violated, one should use the renormalization group approach of (Wegner, 1972; Wilson and Kogut, 1974; Fisher, 1974; Ma, 1976) to describe critical phenomena.”
InfluentialMontvay, I., & Münster, G. (1994) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511470783 · Cited by 1,204
Multicanonical algorithms for first order phase transitions
Berg, B. A., & Neuhaus, T. (1991) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(91)91256-u · Cited by 1,202
Masses and other parameters of the light hadrons
DeGrand, T., Jaffe, R. L., Johnson, K. A., & Kiskis, J. (1975) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.12.2060 · Cited by 1,178
Quantum chromodynamics and the theory of superdense matter
Shuryak, E. (1980) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(80)90105-2 · Cited by 1,137
Nonequilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics
Zubarev, D. N. (1973) · doi:10.21236/ad0784411 · Cited by 1,102
Strangeness Production in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
Rafelski, J., & Müller, B. (1982) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.48.1066 · Cited by 1,096
Theory of first-order phase transitions
Binder, K. (1987) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/50/7/001 · Cited by 1,095 · cited 1×
“(2.9) translates to (see e.g. Binder, 1987) 1 ≪ Rd(1 − T/Tc)(4−d)/2, (2.10) where R is the interaction range.”
InfluentialCompact gauge fields and the infrared catastrophe
Polyakov, A. M. (1975) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(75)90162-8 · Cited by 1,013
Cooper, F., & Frye, G. (1974) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.10.186 · Cited by 997
Strangeness in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Koch, P. M., Müller, B., & Johann Rafelski, A. (1986) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(86)90096-7 · Cited by 993
Moments of rapidity distributions as a measure of short-range fluctuations in high-energy collisions
Białas, A., & Peschanski, R. (1986) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(86)90386-x · Cited by 958
A no-go theorem for regularizing chiral fermions
Nielsen, H. B., & Ninomiya, M. (1981) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(81)91026-1 · Cited by 951 · cited 1×
““No-Go” theorems by Nielsen and Ninomiya (1981a, 1981b) explain the failure of naive transcription and tell us that no lattice formulation of the fermionic action exists that is satisfactory in all aspects.”
Chiral symmetry breaking in confining theories
Banks, T., & Casher, A. (1980) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(80)90255-2 · Cited by 884 · cited 1×
“If they take place at different temperatures, one expects the chiral transition to occur after the deconfinement transition (Banks and Casher, 1980; Campbell et al., 1990).”
L.R. (1963) · Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/0029-5582(63)90299-2 · Cited by 863
Critical behavior at finite-temperature confinement transitions
Benjamin Svetitsky, B., & Yaffe, L. G. (1982) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(82)90172-9 · Cited by 835 · cited 2×
“A table for various Z(N)-, SU(N)- and U(1)-models in dimensions d = 2, 3 and ≥ 4 can be found in (Svetitsky and Yaffe, 1982b).”
Glueball masses and string tension in lattice QCD
Albanese, M., Costantini, F., Fiorentini, G., Flore, F., Lombardo, M. P., Tripiccione, R., Bacilieri, P., Fonti, L., Giacomelli, P., Remiddi, E., et al. (1987) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(87)91160-9 · Cited by 811 · cited 1×
“Rather than measuring the correlations Ci(z), they applied a so called smearing procedure (Albanese et al., 1987) to generate operators weakly coupled to the high-energy fluctuations.”
Possible Species of Ferromagnetic, Ferroelectric, and Ferroelastic Crystals
Aizu, K. (1970) · Physical review. B, Solid state · doi:10.1103/physrevb.2.754 · Cited by 801 · cited 1×
“A first criterion on the order of the phase transition is given by Landau’s theory (Landau and Lifschitz, 1958; Aizu, 1970; Michel, 1980; Toledano, 1981).”
Finite-size effects at temperature-driven first-order transitions
Challa, M. S. S., Landau, D. P., & Binder, K. (1986) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.34.1841 · Cited by 731 · cited 3×
“In what follows we discuss predictions of the phenomenological two Gaussian peak model for the energy probability distribution PL(E) which has been introduced by Binder and Landau (1984) and Challa et al. (1986).”
Finite-Temperature Field Theory: Principles and Applications
Kapusta, J. I., & Gale, C. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535130 · Cited by 709
Phase transitions in Abelian lattice gauge theories
Banks, T., Myerson, R. J., & Kogut, J. B. (1977) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(77)90129-8 · Cited by 705
Dynamical Approach to Current Algebra
Weinberg, S. (1967) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.18.188 · Cited by 691
Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena
Lindgård, P.-A. (1978) · Topics in current physics · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-81236-1_6 · Cited by 683
Quark-gluon plasma and hadronic production of leptons, photons and psions
Shuryak, E. V. (1978) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(78)90370-2 · Cited by 652
Finite-size scaling at first-order phase transitions
Binder, K., & Landau, D. P. (1984) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.30.1477 · Cited by 637 · cited 3×
“In what follows we discuss predictions of the phenomenological two Gaussian peak model for the energy probability distribution PL(E) which has been introduced by Binder and Landau (1984) and Challa et al. (1986).”
Susskind, L. (1977) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.16.3031 · Cited by 606
Chiral restoration at finite density and temperature
Asakawa, M., & Yazaki, K. (1989) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(89)90002-x · Cited by 588
Intermittency in multiparticle production at high energy
Białas, A., & Peschanski, R. (1988) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(88)90131-9 · Cited by 579 · cited 1×
“These may also lead to observable consequences (Bialas and Peschanski, 1988; Wilczek, 1992; Rajagopal and Wilczek, 1993; Bjorken et al., 1993; Gavin et al., 1994a and b), in analogy to the well-known phenomenon of critical opalescence.”
The lattice gauge theory approach to quantum chromodynamics
Kogut, J. B. (1983) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.55.775 · Cited by 561 · cited 2×
“For pedagogical introductions we refer to the literature (see e.g. (Kogut, 1983; Creutz et al., 1983) or more recently (Rothe, 1992; Montvay and Münster, 1994)).”
Fundamental problems in statistical mechanics
L.R. (1962) · Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/0029-5582(62)90022-6 · Cited by 559
Static and dynamic critical phenomena at a second order QCD phase transition
Rajagopal, K., & Wilczek, F. (1993) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(93)90502-g · Cited by 550 · cited 3×
“Methods of nonequilibrium physics and the powerful concept of dynamical universality classes become applicable, if the hot plasma is quenched via almost instantaneous cooling (Rajagopal and Wilczek, 1993).”
Halperin, B. I., Hohenberg, P. C., & Ma, S.-K. (1974) · Physical review. B, Solid state · doi:10.1103/physrevb.10.139 · Cited by 549
Molecular Size Distribution in Three Dimensional Polymers. II. Trifunctional Branching Units
Flory, P. J. (1941) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja01856a062 · Cited by 546
Chiral symmetry on the lattice with Wilson fermions
Bochicchio, M., Maiani, L., Martinelli, G., Rossi, G. C., & Testa, M. (1985) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(85)90290-1 · Cited by 521
High-energy photons from quark-gluon plasma versus hot hadronic gas
Kapusta, J., Lichard, P., & Seibert, D. (1991) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.44.2774 · Cited by 516
Quantum chromodynamics at high temperature
Kapusta, J. I. (1979) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(79)90146-9 · Cited by 513
Feynman rules for gauge theories at finite temperature
Bernard, C. W. (1974) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.9.3312 · Cited by 499 · cited 1×
“The energy density contains a contribution from the vacuum, which is a β-independent infinite constant, cf. Bernard (1974).”
Scaling for first-order phase transitions in thermodynamic and finite systems
Fisher, M. E., & Berker, A. N. (1982) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.26.2507 · Cited by 498 · cited 1×
“A phenomenological approach has been developed by (Imry, 1980; Fisher and Berker, 1982; Privman and Fisher, 1983; Binder and Landau, 1984; Challa et al., 1986).”
Symmetry defects and broken symmetry. Configurations Hidden Symmetry
Michel, L. (1980) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.52.617 · Cited by 498 · cited 1×
“A first criterion on the order of the phase transition is given by Landau’s theory (Landau and Lifschitz, 1958; Aizu, 1970; Michel, 1980; Toledano, 1981).”
Correlations in Ising Ferromagnets. I
Griffiths, R. B. (1967) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1705219 · Cited by 489
Photon and dilepton emission from the quark-gluon plasma: Some general considerations
McLerran, L., & Toimela, T. (1985) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.31.545 · Cited by 470
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in theO(N)model for largeN
Coleman, S., Jackiw, R., & Politzer, H. D. (1974) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.10.2491 · Cited by 469
Monte Carlo calculation of the surface tension for two- and three-dimensional lattice-gas models
Binder, K. (1982) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.25.1699 · Cited by 466
Hybrid-molecular-dynamics algorithms for the numerical simulation of quantum chromodynamics
Gottlieb, S., Liu, W., Toussaint, D., Renken, R. L., & Sugar, R. L. (1987) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.35.2531 · Cited by 461
Finite-size effects at first-order transitions
Privman, V., & Fisher, M. E. (1983) · Journal of Statistical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01009803 · Cited by 459
Monopole condensation and color confinement
Kronfeld, A. S., Laursen, M. L., Schierholz, G., & Wiese, U. ‐. (1987) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(87)90910-5 · Cited by 440
Hadrons below the chiral phase transition
Gerber, P., & Leutwyler, H. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90349-0 · Cited by 439 · cited 1×
“Heavier mesons turn out to be nonnegligible in the phase transition region in contrast one’s naive guess (Gerber and Leutwyler, 1989).”
Gauge Theories as a Problem of Constructive Quantum Field Theory and Statistical Mechanics
Seiler, E. (1982) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-11559-5 · Cited by 436 · cited 3×
“The contribution from the hadronic phase has been calculated by Kapusta, Lichard and Seibert (1991, 1992) with the result that “a hadron gas shines as brightly as a quark gluon plasma” at temperatures between 150-200 MeV. In the 1 GeV region, thermal rates are clearly below decay photons. This does not necessarily imp…”
InfluentialCritical indices from perturbation analysis of the Callan-Symanzik equation
Baker, G. A., Jr., Nickel, B. G., & Meiron, D. I. (1978) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.17.1365 · Cited by 436
Topology and dynamics of the confinement mechanism
Kronfeld, A. S., Schierholz, G., & Wiese, U.-J. (1987) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(87)90080-0 · Cited by 426
On the existence of a phase transition for QCD with three light quarks
Brown, F. R., Butler, F. P., Chen, H., Christ, N. H., Dong, Z., Schaffer, W., Unger, L. I., & Vaccarino, A. (1990) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.65.2491 · Cited by 423 · cited 1×
“…transition is believed to be of second order for 2 massless flavors (Pisarski and Wilczek, 1984; Karsch, 1994) and of first order for three or more massless flavors (Pisarski and Wilczek, 1984; Gavai and Karsch, 1985; Gavai et al., 1987; Brown et al., 1990; Iwasaki, 1995; Kanaya et al., 1995).”
Quarks and gluons at high temperatures and densities
Cleymans, J. (1986) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(86)90169-9 · Cited by 399 · cited 1×
“The experimental consequences of a first order transition make it relatively easy to see, especially if the plasma “explodes” into the hadronic phase (Cleymans et al., 1986).”
Simple effective Lagrangian for hard thermal loops
Braaten, E., & Pisarski, R. D. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.45.r1827 · Cited by 399
Topological excitations and Monte Carlo simulation of Abelian gauge theory
DeGrand, T., & Toussaint, D. (1980) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.22.2478 · Cited by 399
Clausius, R. (1850) · Annalen der Physik · doi:10.1002/andp.18501550306 · Cited by 391
First and second order phase transitions in gauge theories at finite temperature
Ginsparg, P. (1980) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(80)90418-6 · Cited by 387
Langevin simulations of lattice field theories
Batrouni, G. G., Katz, G. R., Kronfeld, A. S., Lepage, G. P., Benjamin Svetitsky, B., & Wilson, K. G. (1985) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.32.2736 · Cited by 380 · cited 1×
“In the Langevin algorithm (Parisi and Wu, 1981; Fukugita and Ukawa, 1985; Batrouni et al., 1985) the equation of motion is a partial differential equation, which is of first order in time.”
Hadronic interactions of high energy cosmic-ray observed by emulsion chambers
Lattes, C. M. G., Fujimoto, Y., & Hasegawa, S. (1980) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(80)90165-9 · Cited by 370
Chemical potential on the lattice
Hasenfratz, P., & Karsch, F. (1983) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)91290-x · Cited by 362
Deducing hard thermal loops from Ward identities
Braaten, E., & Pisarski, R. D. (1990) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(90)90351-d · Cited by 360 · cited 1×
“At extremely high temperatures, T ≫ ΛMS , with typical momenta Q ≈ T , the coupling Q2/Λ2MS becomes weak, and resummed finite temperature perturbation theory (Braaten and Pisarski, 1990 and 1992) may be applied.”
Pion interferometry of quark-gluon plasma
Pratt, S. (1986) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.33.1314 · Cited by 354
Pion Interferometry for Exploding Sources
Pratt, S. (1984) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.53.1219 · Cited by 342
Symmetry aspects of finite-temperature confinement transitions
Benjamin Svetitsky, B. (1986) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(86)90014-1 · Cited by 340
First-Order Phase Transitions in Renormalization-Group Theory
Nienhuis, B., & Nauenberg, M. (1975) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.35.477 · Cited by 328 · cited 1×
“First order transitions are then associated with a discontinuity fixed point at zero temperature (Nienhuis and Nauenberg, 1975; van Leeuwen, 1975).”
Hove, L. V. (1982) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(82)90617-7 · Cited by 326
Theory and phenomenology of the QCD vacuum
Shuryak, E. (1984) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(84)90037-1 · Cited by 324
Multiplicities,p T distributions and the expected hadron → quark-gluon phase transition
Hagedorn, R. (1983) · Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento · doi:10.1007/bf02740917 · Cited by 318
Finite-size scaling and Monte Carlo simulations of first-order phase transitions
Lee, J., & Kosterlitz, J. M. (1991) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.43.3265 · Cited by 316
A rigorous theory of finite-size scaling at first-order phase transitions
Borgs, C., & Kotecký, R. (1990) · Journal of Statistical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01013955 · Cited by 316 · cited 2×
“(The approach of Borgs and Kotecky (1990) comes closest to a rigorous derivation.)”
Monte Carlo computations in lattice gauge theories
Creutz, M. J., Jacobs, L. A., & Claudio Rebbi, B. (1983) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(83)90016-9 · Cited by 315 · cited 2×
“For pedagogical introductions we refer to the literature (see e.g. (Kogut, 1983; Creutz et al., 1983) or more recently (Rothe, 1992; Montvay and Münster, 1994)).”
Possible evidence for Abelian dominance in quark confinement
Suzuki, T., & Yotsuyanagi, I. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.42.4257 · Cited by 311
Condensation of a Classical Gas with Long-Range Attraction
van Kampen, N. G. (1964) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.135.a362 · Cited by 308
The physics of the quark-gluon plasma
McLerran, L. (1986) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.58.1021 · Cited by 296
Transport coefficients of QCD matter
Hosoya, A., & Kajantie, K. (1985) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(85)90499-7 · Cited by 291
Transverse interactions and transport in relativistic quark-gluon and electromagnetic plasmas
Baym, G., Monien, H., Pethick, C. J., & Ravenhall, D. G. (1990) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.64.1867 · Cited by 290
Resummation and gauge invariance of the gluon damping rate in hot QCD
Braaten, E., & Pisarski, R. D. (1990) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.64.1338 · Cited by 289 · cited 1×
“At extremely high temperatures, T ≫ ΛMS , with typical momenta Q ≈ T , the coupling Q2/Λ2MS becomes weak, and resummed finite temperature perturbation theory (Braaten and Pisarski, 1990 and 1992) may be applied.”
Two-scale-factor universality and the renormalization group
Hohenberg, P. C., Amnon Aharony, A., Halperin, B. I., & Siggia, E. D. (1976) · Physical review. B, Solid state · doi:10.1103/physrevb.13.2986 · Cited by 278
Feynman-Graph Expansion for the Equation of State near the Critical Point
Brézin, E., Wallace, D. J., & Wilson, K. G. (1973) · Physical review. B, Solid state · doi:10.1103/physrevb.7.232 · Cited by 275
Blöte, H. W. J., & Nightingale, M. P. (1982) · Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications · doi:10.1016/0378-4371(82)90187-x · Cited by 274 · cited 1×
“(3.32) The ‘critical’ correlation length ξ (p) L (βc, L) diverges at βc in the infinite volume limit also in the case of a first order transition (Blöte and Nightingale, 1982; Privman and Fisher, 1983).”
InfluentialThe qualitative behavior of Yang-Mills theory in 2 + 1 dimensions
Feynman, R. P. (1981) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(81)90005-5 · Cited by 268 · cited 1×
“Three dimensional SU(N) gauge theories show an area-law for Wilson loops (Feynman, 1981) with short range correlations.”
Relativistic quantum molecular dynamics approach to nuclear collisions at ultrarelativistic energies
Sorge, H., STÖCKER, H., & Greiner, W. (1989) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(89)90641-6 · Cited by 268
SU(N) gauge theory couplings on asymmetric lattices
Karsch, F. (1982) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(82)90390-x · Cited by 265 · cited 2×
“(3.20) The coefficients cσ and cτ have been perturbatively determined by Karsch (1982).”
InfluentialEmergence of coherent long wavelength oscillations after a quench: application to QCD
Rajagopal, K., & Wilczek, F. A. (1993) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(93)90591-c · Cited by 264 · cited 3×
“Methods of nonequilibrium physics and the powerful concept of dynamical universality classes become applicable, if the hot plasma is quenched via almost instantaneous cooling (Rajagopal and Wilczek, 1993).”
Linear sigma model with parity doubling
DeTar, C. E., & Kunihiro, T. (1989) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.39.2805 · Cited by 261
Two-stage equilibration in high energy heavy ion collisions
Shuryak, E. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.3270 · Cited by 253
Gyulassy, M., Kajantie, K., Kurki-Suonio, H., & McLerran, L. (1984) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(84)90004-x · Cited by 251
Hydrodynamic Model of the Condensation of a Vapor near Its Critical Point
Langer, J. S., & Turski, Ł. A. (1973) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.8.3230 · Cited by 248
Cosmological baryon diffusion and nucleosynthesis
Applegate, J. H., Hogan, C. J., & Scherrer, R. J. (1987) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.35.1151 · Cited by 246 · cited 1×
“…inhomogeneities had survived until the epoch of primordial nucleosynthesis, they may have influenced the light element abundances and led to deviations from values obtained in the standard scenario (without a phase transition) (Schramm et al., 1992; Fuller et al., 1988; Applegate et al., 1987).”
Nonequilibrium thermodynamics in field theory: Transport coefficients
Hosoya, A., Sakagami, M., & Takao, M. (1984) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(84)90144-1 · Cited by 243
Pion interferometry in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
Bertsch, G. F., Gong, M., & Tohyama, M. (1988) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.37.1896 · Cited by 243
Hydrodynamics of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions
Baym, G., Friman, B. L., Blaizot, J.-P., Soyeur, M., & Czyz, W. (1983) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(83)90666-8 · Cited by 243
Calculation of the gluon damping rate in hot QCD
Braaten, E., & Pisarski, R. D. (1990) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.42.2156 · Cited by 240 · cited 1×
“At extremely high temperatures, T ≫ ΛMS , with typical momenta Q ≈ T , the coupling Q2/Λ2MS becomes weak, and resummed finite temperature perturbation theory (Braaten and Pisarski, 1990 and 1992) may be applied.”
Strange anti-baryons from quark-gluon plasma
Johann Rafelski, A. (1991) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(91)91576-h · Cited by 240
Fuller, G. M., Mathews, G. J., & Alcock, C. R. (1988) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.37.1380 · Cited by 235 · cited 1×
“…inhomogeneities had survived until the epoch of primordial nucleosynthesis, they may have influenced the light element abundances and led to deviations from values obtained in the standard scenario (without a phase transition) (Schramm et al., 1992; Fuller et al., 1988; Applegate et al., 1987).”
First-order phase transition in the SU(3) gauge theory at finite temperature
Yaffe, L. G., & Svetitsky, B. (1982) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.26.963 · Cited by 228
Meson properties at finite temperature and baryon density
Lutz, M. F. M., Klimt, S., & Weise, W. (1992) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(92)90256-j · Cited by 224
Effective Lagrangian with two color-singlet gluon fields
Schechter, J. (1980) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.21.3393 · Cited by 223
Thermal equilibration in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Baym, G. (1984) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(84)91863-x · Cited by 221
Monte Carlo integration for lattice gauge theories with fermions
Weingarten, D., & Petcher, D. N. (1981) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(81)90112-x · Cited by 220
APPLICATION OF THE RENORMALIZATION GROUP TO A SECOND-ORDER QCD PHASE TRANSITION
Wilczek, F. A. (1992) · International Journal of Modern Physics A · doi:10.1142/s0217751x92001757 · Cited by 219 · cited 2×
“These may also lead to observable consequences (Bialas and Peschanski, 1988; Wilczek, 1992; Rajagopal and Wilczek, 1993; Bjorken et al., 1993; Gavin et al., 1994a and b), in analogy to the well-known phenomenon of critical opalescence.”
Generalized beth-uhlenbeck approach for hot nuclear matter
Schmidt, M., RÖPKE, G., & Schulz, H. (1990) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(90)90340-t · Cited by 218
Susceptibilities, the specific heat, and a cumulant in two-flavor QCD
Karsch, F., & Laermann, E. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.50.6954 · Cited by 217
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio-like models and the low-energy effective action of QCD
Bijnens, J., Bruno, C., & Eduardo De Rafael, B. (1993) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(93)90466-3 · Cited by 211
The QCD Vacuum, Hadrons and Superdense Matter
Shuryak, E. (1988) · World Scientific lecture notes in physics · doi:10.1142/0161 · Cited by 209
Equation of State for the SU(3) Gauge Theory
Boyd, G., Engels, J., Karsch, F., Laermann, E., Legeland, C., Lütgemeier, M., & Petersson, B. (1995) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.75.4169 · Cited by 205 · cited 1×
“The Nτ -dependence has been studied in case of the SU(3)-deconfinement transition by Boyd et al. (1995) (see also Karsch and Laermann, 1995).”
Dilepton radiation from high temperature nuclear matter
Gale, C., & Kapusta, J. I. (1987) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.35.2107 · Cited by 204
Diagnosing quark matter by measuring the total entropy and the photon or dilepton emission rates
Hwa, R. C., & Kajantie, K. (1985) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.32.1109 · Cited by 201
First-Order Transitions, Symmetry, and the ε Expansion
Bak, P., Krinsky, S., & Mukamel, D. (1976) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.36.52 · Cited by 195 · cited 2×
“Examples are known (Bak et al., 1976), where the results to leading order in ε remain a good guide for ε = 1.”
The hydrodynamics of hadron matter under a pion interferometric microscope
Makhlin, A., & Sinyukov, Y. M. (1988) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/bf01560393 · Cited by 192
Microcanonical Ensemble Formulation of Lattice Gauge Theory
Callaway, D. J. E., & Rahman, A. (1982) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.49.613 · Cited by 190 · cited 1×
“The microcanonical algorithm (Callaway and Rahman, 1982 and 1983) is based on the observation that the Euclidean path integral of a quantum field theory in four dimensions can be written as a partition function for a system of classical statistical mechanics in 4 spatial dimensions with a canonical…”
Finite-size rounding of a first-order phase transition
Imry, Y. (1980) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.21.2042 · Cited by 190 · cited 1×
“A phenomenological approach has been developed by (Imry, 1980; Fisher and Berker, 1982; Privman and Fisher, 1983; Binder and Landau, 1984; Challa et al., 1986).”
Non-perturbative thermodynamics of SU (N) gauge theories
Engels, J., Fingberg, J., Karsch, F., Miller, D. E., & Weber, M. (1990) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(90)90496-s · Cited by 189 · cited 3×
“In this section we summarize the lattice expressions of thermodynamic quantities and outline an approach due to Engels et al. (1990b) to derive the equation of state in an entirely nonperturbative framework.”
Nature of the Deconfining Phase Transition in SU(3) Lattice Gauge Theory
Brown, F. R., Christ, N. H., Deng, Y., Gao, M., & Woch, T. J. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.2058 · Cited by 189 · cited 2×
“Brown et al. (1988) have performed a concurrent study to Bacilieri et al. (1988).”
Pion interferometry as a probe of the plasma
Bertsch, G. F. (1989) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(89)90597-6 · Cited by 182
Kaon and pion production in central Si+Au collisions at 14.6AGeV/c
Abbott, T., Akiba, Y., Alburger, D. E., Beavis, D., Betts, R. R., Birstein, L., Bloomer, M. A., Bond, P. D., Chasman, C., Chu, Y. Y., et al. (1990) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.64.847 · Cited by 180
Limitations to dimensional reduction at high temperature
Landsman, N. P. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90424-0 · Cited by 178
Nucleation of relativistic first-order phase transitions
Csernai, L. P., & Kapusta, J. I. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.46.1379 · Cited by 176
Glueball spectroscopy in 4d SU(3) lattice gauge theory (I)
Berg, B. A., & Billoire, A. H. (1983) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(83)90620-x · Cited by 176
Bubble growth and droplet decay in the quark-hadron phase transition in the early Universe
Kajantie, K., & Kurki-Suonio, H. (1986) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.34.1719 · Cited by 174
Intermittency parameters as a possible signal for quark-gluon plasma formation
Białas, A., & Hwa, R. C. (1991) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(91)91747-j · Cited by 173
Stochastic quantization versus the microcanonical ensemble: Getting the best of both worlds
Duane, S. (1985) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(85)90369-4 · Cited by 173 · cited 1×
“The stochastic hybrid algorithm (Duane, 1985) interrupts the integration of Hamilton’s equation of motion along a single trajectory with fixed energy.”
Nonequilibrium evolution of scalar fields in FRW cosmologies
Boyanovsky, D., de Vega, H. J., & Holman, R. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.2769 · Cited by 170
Ochs, W., & Wosiek, J. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90131-1 · Cited by 169
New Monte Carlo Technique for Studying Phase Transitions
Ferrenberg, A. M., & Swendsen, R. H. (1989) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.63.1658.2 · Cited by 164
Abelian dominance in SU (2) color confinement
Hioki, S., Kitahara, S.-I., Kiura, S., Matsubara, Y., Miyamura, O., Ohno, S., & Suzuki, T. (1991) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(91)91838-m · Cited by 162
Quark matter formation and heavy ion collisions
Jacob, M., & Vân, J. T. T. (1982) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(82)90083-7 · Cited by 161
The order of the deconfinement transition in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory
Çelik, T., Engels, J., & Satz, H. (1983) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(83)91314-x · Cited by 158 · cited 3×
“Celik et al. (1983) have recorded two-state signals from hot and cold starts, indicating two coexisting phases with different expectation values of the Wilson line at the critical coupling.”
Phase transition from strong-coupling expansion
Polonyi, J., & Szlachányi, K. (1982) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(82)91280-1 · Cited by 155
Narison, S. (1990) · World Scientific lecture notes in physics · doi:10.1142/0647 · Cited by 153
Bervillier, C. (1976) · Physical review. B, Solid state · doi:10.1103/physrevb.14.4964 · Cited by 152
Rothe, H. J. (1992) · World Scientific lecture notes in physics · doi:10.1142/1268 · Cited by 150
Deconfining and chiral phase transitions in quantum chromodynamics at finite temperature
Banks, T., & Ukawa, A. (1983) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(83)90016-0 · Cited by 149 · cited 1×
“The integration over quark degrees of freedom induces an external field on the effective level of spin models (Banks and Ukawa, 1983; DeGrand and DeTar, 1983).”
Monopoles and string tension in SU(2) QCD
Shiba, H., & Suzuki, T. (1994) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(94)90168-6 · Cited by 149
Renormalization-group approach to domain-growth scaling
Bray, A. J. (1990) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.41.6724 · Cited by 149
Hatsuda, T., & Kunihiro, T. (1985) · Progress of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1143/ptp.74.765 · Cited by 146
Chiral phase transition in the SU(3) Nambu and Jona-Lasinio model
Klimt, S., Lutz, M. F. M., & Weise, W. (1990) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(90)91003-t · Cited by 146
Canonical ensembles and nonzero density quantum chromodynamics
Anna Hasenfratz, A., & Toussaint, D. (1992) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(92)90247-9 · Cited by 146
Variant actions and phase structure in lattice gauge theory
Bhanot, G., & Creutz, M. J. (1981) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.24.3212 · Cited by 146
Dynamics of the QCD phase transition
Csernai, L. P., & Kapusta, J. I. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.69.737 · Cited by 145
Kajantie, K., & Matsui, T. (1985) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(85)90343-0 · Cited by 145
The QCD Vacuum, Hadrons and Superdense Matter
Shuryak, E. (2004) · World Scientific lecture notes in physics · doi:10.1142/5367 · Cited by 143 · cited 7×
“An important class of models for the gluonic sector are instanton descriptions of the QCD vacuum (Shuryak, 1984). The idea is that the most important (nonperturbative) contributions to the QCD-partition function come from instantons and anti-instantons at short distance scales. Dynakonov and Mirlin (1988) and Kanki (1…”
InfluentialQuark-gluon transport theory II. Color response and color correlations in a quark-gluon plasma
Heinz, U. (1986) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(86)90114-4 · Cited by 141
Finite-size scaling for Potts models
Borgs, C., Kotecký, R., & Miracle-Sol�, S. (1991) · Journal of Statistical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01017971 · Cited by 140 · cited 1×
“More recently exact results have been obtained by Borgs and Kotecky (1990) and Borgs et al. (1991) for models which can be represented by a contour expansion with small activities like the q-state Potts model for large q.”
Where Is the Continuum in Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics?
Kennedy, A. D., Kuti, J., Meyer, S., & Pendleton, B. J. (1985) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.54.87 · Cited by 137
Zel’dovich, Y. B., Molchanov, S. A., Ruzmaikin, A. A., & Sokoloff, D. D. (1987) · Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk · doi:10.3367/ufnr.0152.198705a.0003 · Cited by 134
The effect of small particles on fluid turbulence in a flat-plate, turbulent boundary layer in air
Rogers, C., & Eaton, J. K. (1991) · Physics of Fluids A Fluid Dynamics · doi:10.1063/1.857969 · Cited by 133
Rates for dilepton production at RHIC and LHC between the and υ are big
Kapusta, J. I., McLerran, L., & Srivastava, D. K. (1992) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(92)91445-f · Cited by 132
Temperature measurement of quark-gluon plasma formed in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions
Kajantie, K., & Miettinen, H. I. (1981) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/bf01548770 · Cited by 130
Langevin Simulation Including Dynamical Quark Loops
Ukawa, A., & Fukugita, M. (1985) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.55.1854 · Cited by 128
Transverse-momentum dependence of J/Ψ production in nuclear collisions
Gavin, S., & Gyulassy, M. (1988) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)91476-1 · Cited by 126
How to make large domains of disoriented chiral condensate
Gavin, S., Gocksch, A., & Pisarski, R. D. (1994) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.72.2143 · Cited by 126 · cited 1×
“These may also lead to observable consequences (Bialas and Peschanski, 1988; Wilczek, 1992; Rajagopal and Wilczek, 1993; Bjorken et al., 1993; Gavin et al., 1994a and b), in analogy to the well-known phenomenon of critical opalescence.”
Electromagnetic probes of quark-gluon plasma in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Ruuskanen, P. V. (1992) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(92)90572-2 · Cited by 125
Intermittency and critical behaviour
Satz, H. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90546-4 · Cited by 123
Calculation of the quark damping rate in hot QCD
Braaten, E., & Pisarski, R. D. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.46.1829 · Cited by 123
Strong coupling QCD at finite baryon-number density
Karsch, F., & Mütter, K.-H. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90396-9 · Cited by 122
Order of the deconfining phase transition in SU(3) lattice gauge theory
Fukugita, M., Okawa, M., & Ukawa, A. (1989) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.63.1768 · Cited by 121 · cited 5×
“The deconfinement transition is now believed to be of first order for three colors (Fukugita et al., 1989; Gavai et al., 1989), and the equation of state is known in the limit of infinite quark masses (Engels et al., 1990b; Laermann et al., 1995).”
InfluentialGeiger, K. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.46.4965 · Cited by 118
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 450 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 37
- Barbour, I., 1988, Nucl. Phys. B, 215, 567
- Blaizot, J.-P., 1990, Quark-Gluon Plasma
- Clapeyron, B. P. E., 1834, J. l'Ecole Polytechnique (Paris), 14, 153
- Ferenc, D., 1992, Nucl. Phys. A
- Foley, K. Y., 1992, Nucl. Phys. A
- Gottlieb, S., 1987, Phys. Rev., 35, 3972
- Gottlieb, S., 1989, Phys. Rev. Lett., 40, 2389
- Hagedorn, R., 1985, Quark Matter '84, Lecture Notes in Physics 211
- Hanbury-Brown, R., 1954, Philos. Mag., 45, 633
- Hatsuda, T., 1992, Nucl. Phys. A
- Heinz, U., 1991, Fermion Algorithms, Workshop on Fermion Algorithms
- Jackson, J. L., 1960, Phys. Fluids, 3, 928
- Johnson, K., 1975, Acta Phys. Polonica B, 6, 865
- Karsch, F., 1993, QCD 20 Years Later
- Keldysk, L. V., 1964, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 47, 1515
- Keldysk, L. V., 1965, Sov. Phys. JETP, 20, 1018
- Koch, P., 1986, Z. Phys. A, 324, 453
- Landau, L. D., 1958, Statistical Physics
- Lipatov, A., 1977, Sov. Phys.-JETP, 72, 411
- Meyer-Ortmanns, H., 1989, Proceedings of the XXIIIrd International Symposium on the Theory of Elementary Particles
- Parisi, G., 1981, Sci. Sin., 24, 483
- Peitzmann, T., 1993, Borlange Guark Matter
- Pfeuty, P., 1977, Introduction to the Renormalization Group and Critical Phenomena
- Rafelski, J., 1982, Phys. Rep., 88, 331
- Rafelski, J., 1982, Phys. Rev. Lett., 48, 1066, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.48.1066 · DOI · Paper page
- Ruuskanen, P. V., 1990, Quark-Gluon Plasma
- Sarabura, M., 1992, Nucl. Phys. A
- Satz, H., 1990, Proceedings Large Hadron Collider Workshop
- Seyboth, P., 1992, Nucl. Phys. A
- Shaposhnikov, M. E., Phys. Lett. B, 282, 483
- Shiba, H., 1994, Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Suppl., 20, 236
- Stratonovich, R. L., 1958, Sov. Phys. Dokl., 2, 416
- Toussaint, D., lectures presented at the Symposium on New Developments in Hardware and Software for Computational Physics
- van Hecke, H., 1991, Nucl. Phys. A, 544, 27c
- van Hove, L., 1983, Z. Phys. C, 21, 93
- Wilson, K., 1974, Phys. Rev. D, 14, 2455
- Wroblewski, A., 1985, Acta Phys. Pol. B, 16, 379
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Non-perturbative renormalization flow in quantum field theory and statistical physics
Berges, J., Tetradis, N., & Wetterich, C. (2002) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/s0370-1573(01)00098-9 · Cited by 1,548
NJL-model analysis of dense quark matter
Buballa, M. (2005) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2004.11.004 · Cited by 1,465
The phase diagram of dense QCD
Fukushima, K., & Hatsuda, T. (2010) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/74/1/014001 · Cited by 963
“For the topics not covered in the present article, readers may consult other reviews [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19].”
BackgroundChiral effective model with the Polyakov loop
Fukushima, K. (2004) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2004.04.027 · Cited by 914
Electrodynamics of high- Tc superconductors
Basov, D. N., & Timusk, T. (2005) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.77.721 · Cited by 781
Metadata
- Authors
- Meyer-Ortmanns, H.
- Venue
- Reviews of Modern Physics
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1996-04-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 473-598
- ISSN
- 0034-6861 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-0756
- OpenAlex
- W1971177656
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 450
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Reviews of Modern Physics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Keywords
- QCD, finite-temperature phase transition, QCD phase diagram, critical phenomena, lattice QCD, mean-field theory, order of phase transition, heavy-ion collisions, QCD equation of state, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, thermodynamic equilibrium
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
