FLDS: An Intelligent Feature Learning Detection System for Visualizing Medical Images Supporting Fetal Four-Chamber Views
Abstract
Fetal congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of fatal congenital malformation. Fetal four-chamber (FC) view is a significant and easily accessible ultrasound (US) image among fetal echocardiography images. Automatic detection of four fetal heart chambers considerably contributes to the early diagnosis of fetal CHD. Furthermore, robust and discriminative features are essential for detecting crucial visualizing medical images, especially fetal FC views. However, it is an incredibly challenging task due to several key factors, such as numerous speckles in US images, the fetal four chambers with small size and unfixed positions, and category confusion caused by the similarity of cardiac chambers. These factors hinder the process of capturing robust and discriminative features, hence destroying the fetal four chambers’ precise detection. Therefore, we propose an intelligent feature learning detection system (FLDS) for FC views to detect the four chambers. A multistage residual hybrid attention module (MRHAM) presented in this paper is incorporated in the FLDS for learning powerful and robust features, helping FLDS accurately locate the four chambers in the fetal FC views. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed FLDS outperforms the current state-of-the-art, including the precision of 0.919, the recall of 0.971, the$F_{1}$score of 0.944, the mAP of 0.953, and the frames per second (FPS) of 43. In addition, our proposed FLDS is also validated on other visualizing nature images such as the PASCAL VOC dataset, achieving a higher mAP of 0.878 while input size is 608 × 608.
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Dong et al. demonstrated a mean average precision of 94.52% for quality control of the four-chamber view.
“Three studies proposed automated systems for detection and evaluation of the fetal four-chamber view whereas Dong et al. proposed a deep learning framework for quality control of the four-chamber view, demonstrating a mean average precision of 94.52%.80-83”
From Artificial intelligence in obstetric ultrasound: A scoping review. (2023) · cites this paper as [81]
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- Authors
- Qiao, S., Pang, S., Luo, G., Pan, S., Chen, T., & Lv, Z.
- Affiliations
- China University of Petroleum, East China (CN)
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital (CN)
- Qingdao University (CN)
- Venue
- IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
- Published
- 2022-10
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 4814-4825
- ISSN
- 2168-2194 (ISSN-L)
- 2168-2208
- OpenAlex
- W3176065905
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province (2019TSLH0214)
- Tai Shan Industry Leading Talent Project (tscy20180416)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61873281, 61672033, 61972416)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Keywords
- fetal echocardiography, fetal congenital heart disease, medical image segmentation, representation learning, ultrasound speckle, category confusion, object detection
- MeSH terms
- Echocardiography, Female, Fetal Heart, Heart Defects, Congenital, Humans, Pregnancy, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Volatile Organic Compounds
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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