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Pandemic lineages of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli
Open accessAbstract
Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains cause a wide variety of intestinal and extraintestinal infections. The widespread geographical clonal dissemination of intestinal pathogenic E. coli strains, such as E. coli O157:H7, is well recognized, and its spread is most often attributed to contaminated food products. On the other hand, the clonal dissemination of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains is also recognized, but the mechanism of their spread is not well explained. Here, I describe major pandemic clonal lineages of ExPEC based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and discuss possible reasons for their global dissemination. These lineages include sequence type (ST)131, ST393, ST69, ST95, and ST73, which are all associated with both community-onset and healthcare-associated infections, in particular urinary tract infections and bloodstream infections. As with many other types of drug-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial infections, drug-resistant ExPEC infections are recognized to be caused by a limited set of clonal lineages. However, reported observations on these major pandemic lineages suggest that the resistance phenotype is not necessarily the determinant of their clonal dissemination. Both epidemiological factors and their intrinsic biological 'fitness' are likely to contribute. An important public health and clinical concern is that pandemicity itself may be a determinant of progressive drug resistance acquisition by clonal lineages. New research is urgently needed to better understand the epidemiological and biological causes of ExPEC pandemicity.
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“Indeed, we identified specific STs linked to neonatal infections, such as E. coli ST119347, ST73 and ST9547,48, and K. pneumoniae ST43249 strains, which are typically drug-resistant strains and of clinical significance.”
From Impact of early life antibiotic and probiotic treatment on gut microbiome and resistome of very-low-birth-weight preterm infants. (2025) · cites this paper as [48]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Riley, L. W.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Riley, L.W.
- ORCID
- Riley, L.W.
- Venue
- Clinical Microbiology and Infection
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 380-390
- ISSN
- 1198-743X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2027836512
- Cited by
- 412
- References
- 115
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 2.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinical Microbiology and Infection (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Escherichia coli research studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Microbiology (medical) › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Keywords
- extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli, multilocus sequence typing, ST131, ST69, ST95, ST73, antimicrobial resistance, urinary tract infection, bloodstream infection, community-onset infection, nosocomial infections, clonal spread, bacterial fitness
- MeSH terms
- Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Infections, Humans, Virulence, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Molecular Epidemiology, Cell Lineage, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Pandemics, Multilocus Sequence Typing
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