Perceptual and response interference in children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the effects of methylphenidate
Abstract
Fourteen children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 14 normal control children were compared with respect to stimulus‐ and response‐related processes. Subjects with ADHD took part in two additional sessions under methylphenidate or placebo. In both experiments, performance and electrophysiological measures such as the P2, N2, and P3 components of event‐related potential and electromyogram (EMG) activity were measured during an Eriksen flanker task. In both groups of children, reaction times (RTs) to arrow stimuli incongruent with the target were longer than those to neutral stimuli (response interference), which were again slower than RTs to target‐alone stimuli (perceptual interference). Children with ADHD made more errors to incongruent stimuli and showed more response interference. For correct responses, no differences between the groups in response interference effects on reaction time, P2, N2, and P3 latency, or EMG onset were found. Methylphenidate had a general enhancing effect on accuracy but did not specifically reduce interference from the flanking stimuli. Methylphenidate had no effects on RT, N2 and P2 latency, P3 amplitude or latency, or EMG activity. The conclusion that methylphenidate did not influence response processes contrasts sharply with findings reported by authors using the Sternberg memory search task.
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- Authors
- Jonkman, L. M., Kemner, C., Verbaten, M. N., van Engeland, H., Kenemans, J. L., Camfferman, G., Buitelaar, J. K., & Koelega, H. S.
- Affiliations
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Jonkman, L.M.
- Venue
- Psychophysiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-07
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 419-429
- ISSN
- 0048-5772 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8986
- OpenAlex
- W2102391728
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate, response interference, perceptual interference, flanker task, event-related potentials, muscle electrical activity, reaction time, children, stimulant medication effects
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Double-Blind Method, Evoked Potentials, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Neural Inhibition, Perceptual Masking, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Volition, Multivariate Analysis, Case-Control Studies
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