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Cited by 89Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderDevelopmental and Educational NeuropsychologyNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Effects of methylphenidate on multiple components of attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Tucha, Oliver, Prell, Sylvia, Mecklinger, Lara, Bormann-Kischkel, Christiane, Kübber, Sabine, Linder, Martin, Walitza, Susanne, Lange, Klaus W.·2006·Psychopharmacology
DOI 10.1007/s00213-006-0318-2
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Abstract

Rationale Methylphenidate (MPH) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of attention deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although a variety of studies have been performed, there is little available information as to which components of attentional functioning are disturbed in ADHD.Objectives The aim of the present study was to monitor the effect of MPH on various measures of attention in children with ADHD.Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, the attentional functioning of 58 children diagnosed with ADHD without psychiatric comorbidity was examined. Assessment of attention was performed on their usual MPH treatment and following withdrawal of the drug. Furthermore, the attentional performance of 58 healthy children was assessed. The test battery consisted of reaction time tasks, including measures of alertness, vigilance, divided attention, flexibility, and aspects of selective attention such as focused attention, inhibition, and integration of sensory information.Results In comparison to the test performance of healthy children, children with ADHD displayed impairments of vigilance, divided attention, flexibility, and aspects of selective attention including focused attention, inhibition, and integration of sensory information. Statistical comparison of attentional functioning of children with ADHD on and off MPH treatment revealed that the medication resulted in an improved task accuracy regarding vigilance, divided attention, inhibition, focused attention, integration of sensory information, and flexibility.Conclusion The present findings indicate that various aspects of attention are markedly impaired in children with ADHD. Treatment with MPH was accompanied by improvements in attention functions of small to moderate sizes. Although MPH-induced improvements were observed in a broad range of attention measures, children with ADHD who were on MPH treatment nevertheless displayed serious deficits in a number of components of attention.

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  • Empirical evidence for impaired inhibitory control in ADHD remains mixed.

    “However, empirical evidence for impaired inhibitory control in ADHD remains mixed9–17.”

    From Delayed goal-directed processing underlies inhibitory control challenges in adult ADHD (2026) · cites this paper as [16]

  • Most studies using fast Fourier transform analyses have demonstrated that stimulant medication attenuated or normalized long reaction time oscillations in individuals with ADHD compared with controls, although one study failed to replicate this effect.

    “Also, most studies using fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses have demonstrated that stimulant medication attenuated [35] or normalized [103] long RT oscillations in individuals with ADHD compared with controls, although 1 study failed to replicate this effect [104].”

    From Reaction Time Variability in ADHD: A Review (2012) · cites this paper as [104]

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Authors
Tucha, O., Prell, S., Mecklinger, L., Bormann-Kischkel, C., Kübber, S., Linder, M., Walitza, S., & Lange, K. W.
Affiliations
  • University of Regensburg (DE)
  • University of Würzburg (DE)
Corresponding author
Lange, Klaus W.
ORCID
Venue
Psychopharmacology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2006-03-07
Volume
185
Issue
3
Pages
315-326
ISSN
  • 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-2072
DOI
10.1007/s00213-006-0318-2
OpenAlex
W1966048968
Cited by
89
References
95
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
FWCI
3.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords
methylphenidate, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children, attentional components, sustained attention, divided attention, cognitive flexibility, selective attention, inhibition, focused attention, sensory integration, reaction time, placebo-controlled crossover trial
MeSH terms
Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Psychological Tests, Cross-Over Studies

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