New insights in photoaging, UVA induced damage and skin types
Open accessAbstract
UVA radiation is the most prevalent component of solar UV radiation; it deeply penetrates into the skin and induces profound alterations of the dermal connective tissue. In recent years, the detrimental effects of UVA radiation were more precisely demonstrated at cellular and molecular levels, using adequate methods to identify biological targets of UVA radiation and the resulting cascade impairment of cell functions and tissue degradation. In particular gene expression studies recently revealed that UVA radiation induces modulation of several genes confirming the high sensitivity of dermal fibroblasts to UVA radiation. The major visible damaging effects of UVA radiation only appear after years of exposure: it has been clearly evidenced that they are responsible for more or less early signs of photoageing and photocarcinogenesis. UVA radiation appears to play a key role in pigmented changes occurring with age, the major sign of skin photoaging in Asians. Skin susceptibility to photoaging alterations also depends on constitutive pigmentation. The skin sensitivity to UV light has been demonstrated to be linked to skin color type.
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UVA has deeper dermal penetration than UVB and is the primary driver of photoaging.
“UVB is predominantly absorbed by the skin's epidermis, whereas UVA has a longer wavelength and therefore deeper dermal penetration, making it the primary driver of photoaging [12].”
From Sunscreens and Photoaging: A Review of Current Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
The Introduction identifies UVA as the longer-wavelength radiation and says it penetrates deeper than UVB. “Skin photoaging: UVA radiation plays a major role” says most UVB is absorbed near the surface and calls UVA a major factor in photoaging. It does not establish the stronger claim that UVA is the primary driver relative to UVB. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredUV radiation triggers an inflammatory reaction in light skin.
“UV radiation triggers an inflammatory reaction in light skin [44].”
From A Comprehensive Review of the Role of UV Radiation in Photoaging Processes Between Different Types of Skin (2025) · cites this paper as [44]
The section “Skin color types and sensitivity to UV light” reports UV-induced DNA damage in light skin. It does not establish that this damage is an inflammatory reaction; searches for inflammatory response and erythema did not identify a passage making that link. Page information was unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDel Bino et al. introduced the Individual Typology Angle (ITA) as a sensitivity indicator in their investigation of the connection between skin pigmentation and vulnerability to UV-induced damage.
“In their investigation of the connection between skin pigmentation and vulnerability to UV-induced damage, Del Bino et al. [44] introduced the Individual Typology Angle (ITA) as a sensitivity indicator.”
From A Comprehensive Review of the Role of UV Radiation in Photoaging Processes Between Different Types of Skin (2025) · cites this paper as [44]
The figure caption in the Conclusion says Del Bino et al. investigated skin color and UV-induced response in 42 skin samples and measured ITA to determine skin color type. The Skin color types section describes ITA as an existing classification, citing an earlier reference; it does not say Del Bino et al. introduced it or define it as a sensitivity indicator. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredUVA causes induction of apoptosis in dermal fibroblasts and increased MMP levels involved in collagen degradation.
“Studies of UVA on skin models demonstrated that UVA caused the induction of apoptosis in dermal fibroblasts and increased MMP levels, which are enzymes involved in collagen degradation [12, 15].”
From Sunscreens and Photoaging: A Review of Current Literature (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
The inflammatory reaction in light skin is evidenced by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
“This is evidenced by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.”
From A Comprehensive Review of the Role of UV Radiation in Photoaging Processes Between Different Types of Skin (2025) · cites this paper as [44]
The 'Skin color types and sensitivity to UV light' section reports greater UV-induced DNA damage in lighter skin, not an inflammatory reaction. The 'UVA radiation induces biological alterations related to photoaging—in vitro proofs' section mentions modulation of genes in a cytokine-related category, but our copy does not report release of interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha in light skin. Searches for those cytokines and inflammatory release found no supporting passage; the indexed passages provide no page number. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
UVA radiation is up to 20-fold more abundant than UVB in sunlight and plays a greater role in photoaging because it reaches deep dermis, whereas UVB reaches upper dermis.
“UVA radiation is up to 20-fold more abundant than UVB radiation in sunlight and plays a greater role in photoaging due to its ability to reach the deep dermis (whereas UVB only reaches the upper dermis) [45–48].”
From Photoprotection for skin of color (2022) · cites this paper as [48]
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- Authors
- Battie, C., Jitsukawa, S., Bernerd, F., Del Bino, S., Marionnet, C., & Verschoore, M.
- Affiliations
- L'Oréal (France) (FR)
- L'Oreal Research and Innovation Asnières France
- Corresponding author
- Battie, Claire
- Venue
- Experimental Dermatology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-09-19
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- s1
- Pages
- 7-12
- ISSN
- 0906-6705 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0625
- OpenAlex
- W2024962882
- Cited by
- 382
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Experimental Dermatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatologic Treatments and Research
- Keywords
- photoaging, UVA, skin type, dermal fibroblasts, gene expression, photocarcinogenesis, skin pigmentation, skin color, dermal connective tissue, UV damage
- MeSH terms
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Humans, Japan, Models, Biological, Skin, Skin Pigmentation, Sunscreening Agents, Ultraviolet Rays, Skin Aging, Matrix Metalloproteinase 1, Asian People
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