Cited by 86Cancer, Hypoxia, and MetabolismRedox biology and oxidative stressMetal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms

Oxygen‐sensing mechanisms in cells

Open access
Wilson, James W., Shakir, Dilem, Batie, Michael, Frost, Mark, Rocha, Sonia·2020·The FEBS Journal

Abstract

The importance of oxygen for the survival of multicellular and aerobic organisms is well established and documented. Over the years, increased knowledge of its use for bioenergetics has placed oxygen at the centre of research on mitochondria and ATP‐generating processes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing cellular oxygen sensing and response has allowed for the discovery of novel pathways oxygen is involved in, culminating with the award of the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology in 2019 to the pioneers of this field, Greg Semenza, Peter Ratcliffe and William Kaelin. However, it is now beginning to be appreciated that oxygen can be a signalling molecule involved in a vast array of molecular processes, most of which impinge on gene expression control. This review will focus on the knowns and unknowns of oxygen as a signalling molecule, highlighting the role of 2‐oxoglutarate‐dependent dioxygenases as central players in the cellular response to deviations in oxygen tension.

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Crossref · 10.1111/febs.15374

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  • Oxygen sensing is mediated primarily by prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing proteins (PHDs), iron- and ascorbate-dependent enzymes in the 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)-dependent dioxygenase family.

    “Oxygen sensing is mediated primarily by prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing proteins (PHDs), iron- and ascorbate-dependent enzymes in the 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)–dependent dioxygenase family”

    From HIF inhibition: Current strategies and clinical challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [42]

    The Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) section identifies PHDs as 2-OG-dependent dioxygenases that act as cellular oxygen sensors. The Factor inhibiting HIF (FIH) section also describes PHDs as Fe²⁺-dependent, but our copy does not state that they are ascorbate-dependent. No page numbers are available in the indexed passages. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Both PHD and HIF isoforms display substrate selectivity, with PHD2 functioning as the principal regulator of HIF-1α stability and PHD3 preferentially modulating HIF-2α.

    “Both PHD and HIF isoforms display substrate selectivity, with PHD2 functioning as the principal regulator of HIF-1α stability and PHD3 preferentially modulating HIF-2α [31,42,55,56]”

    From HIF inhibition: Current strategies and clinical challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [42]

    The Prolyl-Hydroxylases section (page not provided) says PHDs show some preference among HIF-α isoforms and that PHD2 is the main mediator of HIF-1α hydroxylation, which supports its role in regulating HIF-1α stability. The passages do not say that PHD3 preferentially modulates HIF-2α. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • PHDs are essential for repressing HIF signaling in an oxygen-dependent manner.

    “These enzymes are essential for repressing HIF signaling in an oxygen-dependent manner [42,43]”

    From HIF inhibition: Current strategies and clinical challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [42]

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Authors
Wilson, J. W., Shakir, D., Batie, M., Frost, M., & Rocha, S.
Affiliations
  • University of Liverpool (GB)
  • Department of Biochemistry Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool UK
Venue
The FEBS Journal
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-06-10
Volume
287
Issue
18
Pages
3888-3906
ISSN
  • 1742-464X (ISSN-L)
  • 1742-4658
OpenAlex
W3027795726
Cited by
86
References
170
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 3
FWCI
1.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • FEBS Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Wellcome (206293/Z/17/Z)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms
Keywords
cellular oxygen sensing, 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, hypoxia-inducible factor, gene expression regulation, oxygen partial pressure, mitochondrial bioenergetics
MeSH terms
Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Humans, Mitochondria, Models, Biological, Oxygen, Transcription, Genetic, Signal Transduction, Dioxygenases, Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases

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