Deep‐water first occurrences of Ediacara biota prior to the Shuram carbon isotope excursion in the Wernecke Mountains, Yukon, Canada
Abstract
Ediacara‐type macrofossils appear as early as ~575 Ma in deep‐water facies of the Drook Formation of the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland, and the Nadaleen Formation of Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. Our ability to assess whether a deep‐water origination of the Ediacara biota is a genuine reflection of evolutionary succession, an artifact of an incomplete stratigraphic record, or a bathymetrically controlled biotope is limited by a lack of geochronological constraints and detailed shelf‐to‐slope transects of Ediacaran continental margins. The Ediacaran Rackla Group of the Wernecke Mountains, NW Canada, represents an ideal shelf‐to‐slope depositional system to understand the spatiotemporal and environmental context of Ediacara‐type organisms' stratigraphic occurrence. New sedimentological and paleontological data presented herein from the Wernecke Mountains establish a stratigraphic framework relating shelfal strata in the Goz/Corn Creek area to lower slope deposits in the Nadaleen River area. We report new discoveries of numerous Aspidella hold‐fast discs, indicative of frondose Ediacara organisms, from deep‐water slope deposits of the Nadaleen Formation stratigraphically below the Shuram carbon isotope excursion (CIE) in the Nadaleen River area. Such fossils are notably absent in coeval shallow‐water strata in the Goz/Corn Creek region despite appropriate facies for potential preservation. The presence of pre‐Shuram CIE Ediacara‐type fossils occurring only in deep‐water facies within a basin that has equivalent well‐preserved shallow‐water facies provides the first stratigraphic paleobiological support for a deep‐water origination of the Ediacara biota. In contrast, new occurrences of Ediacara‐type fossils (including juvenile fronds, Beltanelliformis, Aspidella, annulated tubes, and multiple ichnotaxa) are found above the Shuram CIE in both deep‐ and shallow‐water deposits of the Blueflower Formation. Given existing age constraints on the Shuram CIE, it appears that Ediacaran organisms may have originated in the deeper ocean and lived there for up to ~15 million years before migrating into shelfal environments in the terminal Ediacaran. This indicates unique ecophysiological constraints likely shaped the initial habitat preference and later environmental expansion of the Ediacara biota.
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The Avalon assemblage appears very broadly coincident with positive δ13Ccarb values that predate the onset of the Shuram δ13Ccarb excursion.
“The Avalon assemblage appears very broadly coincident with positive δ13Ccarb values that predate the onset of the Shuram δ13Ccarb excursion [Fig. 1; e.g., (26)].”
From Sea level controls on Ediacaran-Cambrian animal radiations (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
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Ediacaran (Precambrian) Fossils from the Wernecke Mountains, Northwestern Canada
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Adaptation to a Viscous Snowball Earth Ocean as a Path to Complex Multicellularity
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Oxygen availability and body mass modulate ectotherm responses to ocean warming
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Sea level controls on Ediacaran-Cambrian animal radiations
Bowyer, F. T., Wood, R. A., & Yilales, M. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.ado6462 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Precambrian Earth: Co-evolution of life and geodynamics
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McMahon, W. J., Liu, A., Veenma, Y. P., Vixseboxse, P. B., & Boddy, C. E. (2025) · Geological Society London Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp556-2024-108 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Origins and Alteration of Ediacaran Carbonates Recording the Shuram Excursion in Oman
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Discovery of White Sea assemblage fossils from Laurentia
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Self-citationTarhan, L. G., Hood, A. V. S., & Droser, M. L. (2025) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.70017 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Chemostratigraphy of the Ediacaran Old Fort Point Formation in the southern Canadian Cordillera
van Wieren, C. S., Husson, J. M., & Dyer, B. C. (2024) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2024.107525 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Morphogenesis of Fractofusus andersoni and the nature of early animal development
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Lonsdale, M. C., Moore, K. R., Webb, L. C., Schildbach, M., Livi, K. J. T., & Smith, E. F. (2025) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2024.027 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Segessenman, D., & Peters, S. E. (2025) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2025.107875 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Furness, E. N., & Mitchell, E. G. (2025) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2025.107702
EDIACARAN REMAINS BELOW THE 580 MA GASKIERS DIAMICTITE, NEWFOUNDLAND, CANADA
Fitzgerald, D. M., Narbonne, G. M., Xiao, S., Dalrymple, R. W., Spencer, C. J., Schmitz, M. D., Grimes, K. F., Greentree, C., Latimer, N. M., Pufahl, P. K., et al. (2026) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2025.046
Veenma, Y. P., McMahon, W. J., Liu, A., Ebbestad, J. O. R., Grundvåg, S., Högström, A. E. S., Høyberget, M., Jensen, S., & Davies, N. S. (2026) · Palaeontology · doi:10.1111/pala.70082
Craffey, M., Shupinski, A. B., Darroch, S. A. F., & Lyons, S. K. (2026) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/geb.70318
Ecosystem engineering, regime shifts and the rise of animals
Darroch, S. A. F., Casey, M., Clapham, M. E., Contreras, D. L., Cover, Z., Craffey, M., Cribb, A. T., Duijnstee, I. A. P., Gearty, W., Gibson, B. M., et al. (2026) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2026.08.056
Ashing-Giwa, K. F., Payne, J. L., Bergmann, K., Monarrez, P. M., Gaskell, D. E., Stockey, R., & Sperling, E. A. (2026) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.017
Self-citation
- Authors
- Boag, T. H., Busch, J. F., Gooley, J. T., Strauss, J. V., & Sperling, E. A.
- Affiliations
- Princeton University (US)
- Dartmouth College (US)
- United States Geological Survey (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boag, Thomas H.
- Sperling, Erik A.
- Venue
- Geobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2024-05
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e12597-e12597
- ISSN
- 1472-4669 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-4677
- OpenAlex
- W4396625614
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 137
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 5.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Geobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- National Science Foundation (EAR‐1654131, EAR‐2021176)
- National Geographic Society (CP‐102R‐17)
- Geological Society of America
- American Philosophical Society
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Keywords
- Ediacaran biota, Shuram carbon isotope excursion, ichnotaxa, deep-water facies, Avalon Peninsula
- MeSH terms
- Carbon Isotopes, Fossils, Newfoundland and Labrador, Paleontology, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory, Geologic Sediments, Biota
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