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At the Heart of It All: The Concept of Presence

Lombard, Matthew, Ditton, Theresa·2006·Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
DOI 10.1111/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00072.x
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Abstract

A number of emerging technologies including virtual reality, simulation rides, video conferencing, home theater, and high definition television are designed to provide media users with an illusion that a mediated experience is not mediated, a perception defined here as presence. Traditional media such as the telephone, radio, television, film, and many others offer a lesser degree of presence as well. This article examines the key concept of presence. It begins by noting practical and theoretical reasons for studying this concept. Six conceptualizations of presence found in a diverse set of literatures are identified and a detailed explication of the concept that incorporates these conceptualizations is presented. Existing research and speculation about the factors that encourage or discourage a sense of presence in media users as well as the physiological and psychological effects of presence are then outlined. Finally, suggestions concerning future systematic research about presence are presented.

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Metadata

Authors
Lombard, M., & Ditton, T.
Venue
Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2006-06-23
Volume
3
Issue
2
Pages
0-0
ISSN
1083-6101 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1111/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00072.x
OpenAlex
W2058300759
Cited by
3,706
References
9
FWCI
212.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1 (tdm, 3357 d)

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