CSF biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment
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Abstract.: A correct clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) early in the course of the disease is of importance to initiate symptomatic treatment with acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, and will be even more important when disease‐arresting drugs, such as β‐sheet breakers or γ‐secretase inhibitors, will reach the clinic. However, there is no clinical method to determine if a patient with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has incipient AD, i.e. will progress to AD with dementia, or have a benign form of MCI without progression. Thus, there is a great clinical need for diagnostic biomarkers to identify incipient AD in MCI cases. Three cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers; total‐tau (T‐τ), phospho‐tau (P‐τ) and the 42 amino acid form of β‐amyloid (A β 42) have been evaluated in numerous scientific papers. These CSF markers have high sensitivity to differentiate early and incipient AD from normal ageing, depression, alcohol dementia and Parkinson's disease, but lower specificity against other dementias, such as frontotemporal and Lewy body dementia. However, if the CSF biomarkers are used in the right clinical context, i.e. together with the cumulative information from the clinical examination, standard laboratory tests and brain‐imaging techniques [single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) scans], they may have a role in the clinical evaluation of MCI cases.
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CSF measures of T-tau and Aβ1-42 levels are individually sensitive but have lower specificity for AD against other dementia disorders.
“It has been found that the CSF measures of total tau (T-tau) and amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) levels are individually sensitive though but with lower specificity for AD against other dementia disorders (Blennow, 2004).”
From T1rho MRI and CSF biomarkers in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (2015) · cites this paper as Blennow, 2004
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- Authors
- Blennow, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Blennow, K.
- ORCID
- Blennow, K.
- Venue
- Journal of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-08-20
- Volume
- 256
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 224-234
- ISSN
- 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2796
- OpenAlex
- W2094761283
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Keywords
- cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, early diagnosis, total tau, phosphorylated tau, amyloid-beta 42, diagnostic accuracy, dementia progression, differential diagnosis of dementia, neuroimaging
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Biomarkers, Amyloid beta-Peptides, tau Proteins, Disease Progression
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