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The meaning of good sleep: a longitudinal study of polysomnography and subjective sleep quality
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SUMMARY The present study sought to investigate the meaning of subjectively good sleep, using a longitudinal and intraindividual design. Eight subjects slept in an isolation unit according to an irregular schedule of 6h sleeps and 1h naps, designed to give normal amounts of time in bed (1/3 of total), but variable sleep quality. Eight sleeps and eight naps were used for longitudinal simple and multiple regression analyses with standard polysomnographical sleep variables as predictors and subjective sleep quality as dependent variables. The results showed that subjective sleep quality (and related variables) was closely related to sleep efficiency, but not sleep stages. At least 87% efficiency was required for ratings of ‘rather good’ sleep. In addition, sleep quality ratings improved with closeness (of the awakening) to the circadian acrophase (17.00–21.00 hours) of the rectal temperature rhythm. The subjective ease of awakening differed from most other other variables in that it was related to low sleep efficiency. Objective and subjective homologues of sleep length and sleep latency showed high mean intraindividual correlations (r= 0.55 and 0.64, respectively). It was concluded that objective measures of sleep continuity were closely reflected in perceived sleep quality and that sleep quality essentially means sleep continuity.
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The conjunction of daytime dysfunction and micro-awakenings is consistent with polysomnography studies showing a conjunction between subjective sleep quality and sleep continuity, and substantiates the hypothesis that loneliness impairs sleep quality.
“The conjunction of daytime dysfunction and micro-awakenings is consistent with polysomnography studies showing a conjunction, essentially an equivalence, between subjective sleep quality and sleep continuity [54], and substantiates the hypothesis that loneliness impairs sleep quality.”
From Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms (2010) · cites this paper as [54]
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“The conjunction of daytime dysfunction and micro-awakenings is consistent with polysomnography studies showing a conjunction, essentially an equivalence, between subjective sleep quality and sleep continuity [54], and substantiates the hypothesis that loneliness impairs sleep quality.”
Athens Insomnia Scale: Validation of an instrument based on ICD-10 criteria
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Determinants of perceived sleep quality in normal sleepers
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Metadata
- Authors
- ÅKERSTEDT, T., HUME, K., MINORS, D., & WATERHOUSE, J.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Manchester Metropolitan University (GB)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- ÅKERSTEDT, TORBJÖRN
- ORCID
- ÅKERSTEDT, TORBJÖRN
- Venue
- Journal of Sleep Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1994-09
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 152-158
- ISSN
- 0962-1105 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2869
- OpenAlex
- W1982377689
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Sleep Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- subjective sleep quality, sleep efficiency, sleep continuity, polysomnography, sleep latency, irregular sleep schedules, napping, within-person variability
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