Cited by 344Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchMemory and Neural MechanismsNeural dynamics and brain function

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Learning‐dependent changes in sleep spindles and Stage 2 sleep

FOGEL, STUART M., SMITH, CARLYLE T.·2006·Journal of Sleep Research

DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00522.x

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Abstract

Summary: It has become increasingly clear that sleep is necessary for efficient memory consolidation. Recently, it has been found that Stage 2 sleep disruption impairs procedural memory performance, and that memory performance is correlated with the duration of Stage 2 sleep; but the mechanisms involved in synaptic plasticity for procedural memory during sleep have not been identified. The present study examined the learning‐dependent changes in sleep, including Stage 2 sleep spindles. Following an intense period of simple motor procedural learning, the duration of Stage 2 sleep and spindle density increased. There were no changes observed in the duration of any other stage of sleep or in the density of rapid eye movements. These findings support the hypothesis that sleep spindles are involved in the off‐line reprocessing of simple motor procedural memory during Stage 2 sleep.

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Authors: FOGEL, S. M., & SMITH, C. T.
Affiliations: Trent University (CA)
Corresponding author: SMITH, CARLYLE T.
ORCID: FOGEL, STUART M.
SMITH, CARLYLE T.
Venue: Journal of Sleep Research
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-08-11
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Pages: 250-255
ISSN: 0962-1105 (ISSN-L)
1365-2869
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00522.x
OpenAlex: W1987835654
Cited by: 344
References: 19
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 7.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Sleep Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Trent University
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Keywords: sleep spindles, stage 2 sleep, memory consolidation, synaptic plasticity, spindle density, REM sleep
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Humans, Learning, Memory, Neuronal Plasticity, Sleep Stages, Polysomnography

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Learning‐dependent changes in sleep spindles and Stage 2 sleep

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