The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Searching for a Vulnerable Dark Triad: Comparing Factor 2 Psychopathy, Vulnerable Narcissism, and Borderline Personality Disorder
Abstract
Paulhus and Williams (2002) identified a "Dark Triad" comprising the following related personality styles: narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. The heterogeneity found in narcissism and psychopathy raises the possibility of a second triad made up of emotional vulnerability and dark traits (i.e., the vulnerable dark triad; VDT). Along with vulnerable narcissism and Factor 2 psychopathy, the third member of the hypothesized VDT is borderline personality disorder (BPD). Using a sample of 361 undergraduates, we examine the relations between these constructs and their relations with criterion variables, including personality, environmental etiological factors (e.g., abuse), and current functioning (e.g., psychopathology, affect). The results suggest that the VDT constructs are significantly related to one another and manifest similar nomological networks, particularly vulnerable narcissism and BPD. Although the VDT members are related to negative emotionality and antagonistic interpersonal styles, they are also related to introversion and disinhibition. Ultimately, it seems there is a "dark continuum" of pathological personality traits that differ primarily in relation to negative and positive emotionality and disinhibition.
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“Furthermore, vulnerable narcissists manifest low, fragile, and highly dependent self-esteem (Miller et al., 2010;Rogoza, Żemojtel-Piotrowska, Kwiatkowska, & Kwiatkowska, 2018;Zeigler-Hill, Clark, & Pickard, 2008).”
From Narcissus locked in the past: vulnerable narcissism and the negative views of the past. (2021) · cites this paper as Miller et al., 2010
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Sorted by citations
The Dark Triad of personality: A 10 year review
Furnham, A., Richards, S. C., & Paulhus, D. L. (2013) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12018 · Cited by 1,619
“For narcissism, the strongest associations are with low Modesty and low Straightforwardness whereas psychopathy associations are strongest with low Deliberation and low Dutifulness (Miller et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialGrandiose and Vulnerable Narcissism: A Nomological Network Analysis: Variants of Narcissism
Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Gaughan, E. T., Gentile, B., Maples, J., & Keith Campbell, W. (2011) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00711.x · Cited by 990
“Hostile attribution biases have also been linked with childhood events such as child abuse or maltreatment and harsh discipline (e.g., Dodge, Bates, & Pettit, 1990)—events that are related to vulnerable but not grandiose narcissism (Miller et al., 2010).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMuris, P., Merckelbach, H., Otgaar, H., & Meijer, E. (2017) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691616666070 · Cited by 946
“In contrast, narcissism does not merely reflect viciousness: Apart from malevolent characteristics, which justify its position within the dark triad, this trait also has a vulnerable side that is primarily reflected in defensive and fragile grandiosity serving as a mask for feelings of inadequacy and insecurity (Mille…”
BackgroundThe Narcissism Spectrum Model: A Synthetic View of Narcissistic Personality
Krizan, Z., & Herlache, A. D. (2018) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868316685018 · Cited by 807
“vulnerability is strongly correlated with self-consciousness and depression, although it is broadly related to anxiety, anger, and personal distress (Miller & Campbell, 2008; Miller et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialTwenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Freeman, E. C. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027408 · Cited by 706
Metadata
- Authors
- Miller, J. D., Dir, A., Gentile, B., Wilson, L., Pryor, L. R., & Campbell, W. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Georgia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Miller, Joshua D.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-09-01
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1529-1564
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1566765103
- Cited by
- 530
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 22.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Keywords
- vulnerable narcissism, borderline personality disorder, dark personality traits, negative affectivity, disinhibition, introversion, antagonism, abuse, psychopathology, affect, nomological network
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Machiavellianism, Male, Narcissism, Psychological Tests, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Social Desirability, Students, Temperament, Young Adult
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