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Cited by 109Marine Invertebrate Physiology and EcologyDevelopmental Biology and Gene RegulationProtist diversity and phylogeny

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Origin of animal epithelia: insights from the sponge genome

Fahey, Bryony, Degnan, Bernard M.·2010·Evolution & Development
DOI 10.1111/j.1525-142x.2010.00445.x
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Abstract

SUMMARY Epithelial tissues are a key metazoan cell type, providing a basic structural unit for the construction of diverse animal body plans. Historically, an epithelial grade of organization was considered to be restricted to the Eumetazoa, with the majority of cell layers described for Porifera lacking any of the conserved ultrastructural characteristics of epithelia. Now with the use of genomic information from the demosponge, Amphimedon queenslandica, we identify orthologs of bilaterian genes that determine epithelial cell polarity or encode components of specialized epithelial junctions and extracellular matrix structures. Amphimedon possesses orthologs of most bilaterian epithelial polarity and adherens junction genes but few or no tight junction, septate junction, or basal lamina genes. To place this information in an evolutionary context, we extended these analyses to the completed genomes of various fungi, the choanoflagellate, Monosiga brevicollis, the placozoan, Trichoplax adhaerens, and the cnidarian, Nematostella vectensis. The results indicate that the majority of “epithelial” genes originated in metazoan or eumetazoan lineages, with only two genes, Par‐1 and Discs large, antedating the choanoflagellate‐metazoan split. We further explored the mechanism of evolution for each of these genes by tracking the origin of constituent domains and domain combinations. In general, domain configurations found in contemporary bilaterians are inferred to have evolved early in metazoan evolution and are identical or similar to those present in representatives of modern cnidarians, placozoans, and demosponges.

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  • Sponges have long been considered to lack epithelia, but recent studies have revealed the presence of some typical epithelial components and a capacity to seal their internal space from the environment.

    “Sponges have long been considered to lack epithelia, but recent studies have revealed the presence of some typical epithelial components (cell polarity and cell junction genes), and a capacity to seal their internal space from the environment (Adams et al. 2010; Belahbib et al. 2018; Fahey and Degnan 2010; Leys and Hill 2012; Leys et al. 2009; Riesgo et al. 2014).”

    From A non-bilaterian perspective on the development and evolution of animal digestive systems (2019) · cites this paper as Fahey and Degnan 2010

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Metadata

Authors
Fahey, B., & Degnan, B. M.
Affiliations
The University of Queensland (AU)
Corresponding author
Degnan, Bernard M.
ORCID
Degnan, Bernard M.
Venue
Evolution & Development
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2010-10-29
Volume
12
Issue
6
Pages
601-617
ISSN
  • 1520-541X (ISSN-L)
  • 1525-142X
DOI
10.1111/j.1525-142x.2010.00445.x
OpenAlex
W1876693625
Cited by
109
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 13
FWCI
5.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Evolution & Development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Energy
  • Joint Genome Institute
  • Australian Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Protist diversity and phylogeny
Keywords
Amphimedon queenslandica, sponge genome, epithelial polarity, adherens junctions, tight junctions, septate junctions, basement membrane, protease-activated receptor 1, Discs large, Monosiga brevicollis, Trichoplax adhaerens, Nematostella vectensis, gene origin, protein domain evolution
MeSH terms
Animals, Epithelium, Phylogeny, Porifera, Genome, Cell Polarity, Evolution, Molecular

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