Associations Between Dietary Nutrient Intake and Muscle Mass and Strength in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults: The Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort Study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To describe associations between dietary nutrient intake and progression of sarcopenia, the age‐related loss of muscle mass and strength. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study of community‐dwelling older adults. SETTING: Southern Tasmania, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred forty noninstitutionalized older adults (50% female; mean age 62±7) randomly sampled from electoral rolls. MEASUREMENTS: Dietary nutrient intake was examined at baseline and follow‐up (2.6±0.4 years later) using The Cancer Council Victoria's Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Appendicular lean mass (aLM) was assessed using dual X‐ray absorptiometry and muscle strength of the knee extensors using a dynamometer. RESULTS: Failing to meet the recommended dietary intake for protein was associated with significantly lower aLM at baseline (−0.81 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI)=−1.54 to −0.08) and follow‐up (−0.79 kg, 95%CI=−1.42 to −0.17). Energy‐adjusted protein intake was a positive predictor of change in aLM over 2.6 years (β=0.10, P =.003). Energy‐adjusted intake of iron (β=0.07, P =.02), magnesium (β=0.07, P =.02), phosphorus (β=0.07, P =.047), and zinc (β=0.08, P =.02) were positive predictors of change in aLM, whereas retinol (β=−0.09, P =.005) was a negative predictor of change in aLM after adjustment for protein intake. No significant associations were observed between nutrient intake and muscle strength. CONCLUSION: Protein and several other dietary nutrients are associated with muscle mass and rate of muscle loss (but not strength) in older adults, suggesting that multiple dietary components may ameliorate the progression of sarcopenia.
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Several epidemiological studies found a positive correlation between higher dietary protein intake and higher bone mass density, slower rate of bone loss, and muscle mass and strength.
“Several epidemiological studies have found a positive correlation between higher dietary protein intake and higher bone mass density 39e41 ; slower rate of bone loss 42 ; and muscle mass and strength.43”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Scott, D., Blizzard, L., Fell, J., Giles, G., & Jones, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Tasmania (AU)
- Cancer Council Victoria (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2129-2134
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- OpenAlex
- W1521805899
- Cited by
- 228
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- sarcopenia, muscle mass, muscle strength, protein intake, micronutrients, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, retinol, appendicular lean mass, older adults, community-dwelling adults, nutrient intake
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Australia, Diet, Eating, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Muscle Strength, Sarcopenia
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