Lower Dietary and Circulating Vitamin C in Middle- and Older-Aged Men and Women Are Associated with Lower Estimated Skeletal Muscle Mass
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass contributes to poor outcomes including sarcopenia, physical disability, frailty, type 2 diabetes, and mortality. Vitamin C has physiological relevance to skeletal muscle and may protect it during aging, but few studies have investigated its importance in older populations. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate cross-sectional associations of dietary and plasma vitamin C with proxy measures of skeletal muscle mass in a large cohort of middle- and older-aged individuals. METHODS: We analyzed data from >13,000 men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk cohort, aged 42-82 y. Fat-free mass (FFM), as a proxy for skeletal muscle mass, was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis and expressed as a percentage of total mass (FFM%) or standardized by BMI (FFMBMI). Dietary vitamin C intakes were calculated from 7-d food diary data, and plasma vitamin C was measured in peripheral blood. Multivariable regression models, including relevant lifestyle, dietary, and biological covariates, were used to determine associations between FFM measures and quintiles of dietary vitamin C or insufficient compared with sufficient plasma vitamin C (<50 μmol/L and ≥50 μmol/L). RESULTS: Positive trends were found across quintiles of dietary vitamin C and FFM measures for both sexes, with interquintile differences in FFM% and FFMBMI of 1.0% and 2.3% for men and 1.9% and 2.9% for women, respectively (all P < 0.001). Similarly, FFM% and FFMBMI measures were higher in participants with sufficient than with insufficient plasma vitamin C: by 1.6% and 2.0% in men, and 3.4% and 3.9% in women, respectively (all P < 0.001). Associations were also evident in analyses stratified into <65-y and ≥65-y age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings of positive associations, of both dietary and circulating vitamin C with measures of skeletal muscle mass in middle- and older-aged men and women, suggest that dietary vitamin C intake may be useful for reducing age-related muscle loss.
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Dietary vitamin C supplementation is useful for reducing age-related muscle loss in middle- and older-aged men and women.
“Dietary vitamin C supplementation is useful for reducing age-related muscle loss in in middle- and older-aged men and women [58].”
From Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and Treatment of the Muscle Atrophy (2021) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Lewis, L. N., Hayhoe, R. P., Mulligan, A. A., Luben, R. N., Khaw, K.-T., & Welch, A. A.
- Affiliations
- University of East Anglia (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Welch, Ailsa A
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-10
- Volume
- 150
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2789-2798
- ISSN
- 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7549302
- OpenAlex
- W3080261117
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 4.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (acceptedVersion)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (cc-by)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (G9502233)
- Cancer Research UK (SP2024-0201, SP2024-0204)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- vitamin C, dietary vitamin C intake, plasma vitamin C, skeletal muscle mass, fat-free mass, sarcopenia, aging, older adults, middle-aged adults, sex differences, age-related muscle loss
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Ascorbic Acid, Diet, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle, Skeletal
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