Protein intake and muscle strength in older persons: does inflammation matter?
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: To examine whether protein intake is associated with change in muscle strength in older persons. Because systemic inflammation has been associated with protein catabolism, the study also evaluated whether a synergistic effect exists between protein intake and inflammatory markers on change in muscle strength. Design: Longitudinal. Setting: The Invecchiare in C hianti S tudy. Participants: Five hundred and ninety‐eight older adults. Measurements: Knee extension strength was measured at baseline (1998–2000) and during 3‐year follow‐up (2001–2003) using a handheld dynamometer. Protein intake was assessed using a detailed food frequency questionnaire. The inflammatory markers examined were C‐reactive protein ( CRP ), interleukin‐6 ( IL ‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha ( TNF ‐α). Results: The main effect of protein intake on change in muscle strength was not significant. However, a significant interaction was found between protein intake and CRP ( P = .003), IL ‐6 ( P = .049), and TNF ‐α ( P = .02), indicating that lower protein intake was associated with greater decline in muscle strength in persons with high levels of inflammatory markers. Conclusion: Lower protein intake was associated with decline in muscle strength in persons with high levels of inflammatory markers. These results may help to understand the factors contributing to decline in muscle strength with aging and to identify the target population of older persons who may benefit from nutritional interventions aimed at preventing or reducing age‐associated muscle impairments and its detrimental consequences.
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Inadequate dietary protein over even a short period can cause muscle mass loss despite adequate energy intake, especially when inflammation is present.
“Instead, inadequate dietary protein during even a short period can result in loss of muscle mass even in the setting of adequate energy intake, especially in the presence of a pro-inflammatory state.24”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [24]
In people with elevated inflammatory markers, lower protein intake correlates with weaker muscles.
“Conversely, low protein intake has been associated with decreased muscle strength in individuals with high concentrations of inflammatory markers.24”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Bartali, B., Frongillo, E. A., Stipanuk, M. H., Bandinelli, S., Salvini, S., Palli, D., Morais, J. A., Volpato, S., Guralnik, J. M., & Ferrucci, L.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Cornell University (US)
- Tuscany Regional Health Agency Florence Italy
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit Cancer Research and Prevention Institute Florence Italy
- Division of Geriatric Medicine MUHC‐Royal Victoria Hospital McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
- University of Ferrara (IT)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bartali, Benedetta
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-01-27
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 480-484
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC3390191
- OpenAlex
- W1983461660
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (N.1‐AG‐1‐2111, N.1-AG-1-1)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (263MD9164, 263MD 821336, R01MD009164)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- protein intake, muscle strength, older adults, systemic inflammation, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, TNF-α, muscle strength decline, aging, protein degradation, dietary intervention, quadriceps strength
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein, Demography, Dietary Proteins, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Italy, Knee Joint, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Linear Models, Muscle Strength
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