Change in Muscle Strength Explains Accelerated Decline of Physical Function in Older Women With High Interleukin‐6 Serum Levels
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To test whether accelerated sarcopenia in older persons with high interleukin (IL)‐6 serum levels plays a role in the prospective association between inflammation and disability found in many studies. DESIGN: Cohort study of older women with moderate to severe disability. PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred twenty older women from the Women's Health and Aging Study in whom information on baseline IL‐6 serum level was available. MEASUREMENTS: Self‐report of functional status, objective measures of walking performance, and knee extensor strength were assessed at baseline and over six semiannual follow‐up visits. Potential confounders were baseline age, race, body mass index, smoking, depression, and medical conditions. RESULTS: At baseline, women with high IL‐6 were more often disabled and had lower walking speed. After adjusting for confounders, women in the highest IL‐6 tertile (IL‐6>3.10 pg/mL) were at higher risk of developing incident mobility disability (risk ratio (RR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01–2.27), disability in activities of daily living (RR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.01–1.98), and severe limitation in walking (RR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.09–2.38) and experienced steeper declines in walking speed ( P < .001) than women in the lowest IL‐6 tertile (IL‐6 ≤1.78 pg/mL). Decline in knee extensor strength was also steeper, but differences across IL‐6 tertiles were not significant. After adjusting for change over time in knee extensor strength, the association between high IL‐6 and accelerated decline of physical function was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Older women with high IL‐6 serum levels have a higher risk of developing physical disability and experience a steeper decline in walking ability than those with lower levels, which are partially explained by a parallel decline in muscle strength.
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Higher levels of inflammatory markers in blood are associated with greater loss of muscle mass and strength, accelerated loss of mobility, lower-extremity performance and physical activity, and depression in older individuals.
“higher levels of inflammatory markers in blood are associated with a greater loss of muscle mass and strength, accelerated loss of mobility, lower-extremity performance and physical activity, and depression in older individuals”
From Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty (2018) · cites this paper as [225]
Age-related immune dysregulation can directly harm physical function and promote disability by causing fatigue and loss of muscle strength.
“The age-related dysregulation of immune function may have direct adverse consequences on physical function and promote disability by causing fatigue and loss of muscle strength.”
From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as Ferrucci, Penninx, Volpato, Harris, Bandeen-Roche, Balfour, Leveille, Fried, and Md 2002
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- Authors
- Ferrucci, L., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Volpato, S., Harris, T. B., Bandeen‐Roche, K., Balfour, J., Leveille, S. G., Fried, L. P., & Md, J. M. G.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ferrucci, Luigi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1947-1954
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- OpenAlex
- W2042084120
- Cited by
- 618
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 8.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (N01AG02105)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Keywords
- interleukin-6, inflammation, sarcopenia, muscle strength, physical function decline, mobility impairment, activities of daily living, walking speed, quadriceps strength, older women, Women's Health and Aging Study
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Age Factors, Aged, Female, Persons with Disabilities, Humans, Knee Joint, Muscles, Smoking, Cohort Studies, Interleukin-6, Body Mass Index, Walking
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